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H Ayabe

Publications and source records attributed to H Ayabe.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Analysis of drug-induced apoptosis in human leukemic cell line (HL-60)].

Cell death plays an essential role in cell homeostasis and the pathological process in cancer. Apoptosis has been identified by the internucleosomal DNA cleavage which appears to be associated with endonuclease activation. Proteolysis is considered to be an early event in apoptosis. We studied the effects of proteolysis on early apoptotic events, such as chromatin condensation, nuclear breakdown, DNA breakage and sensitivity to denaturation induced by anticancer drugs (camptothecin: CAM, 5-azacytidine: AZA) on HL-60 cells. CAM induced apoptosis on S phase and AZA on G1 phase. The internucleosomal DNA cleavage shown by both the presence of DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis and a large number of in situ DNA strands breaks (revealed in high intensity fluorescence FITC of cells in the TdT reaction) was prevented by the protease inhibitor, TPCK (N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chlorometyl-ketone), as well as by an inhibitor of the apoptosis-associated endonuclease, ZnSO4. The protective effects were observed under conditions in which apoptosis was induced by agents with a different mechanism of action, such as the DNA damaging drug. CAM (topo-isomerase inhibitor), and an RNA antimetabolite, AZA. The protease inhibitor inhibits early events of apoptosis such as chromatin condensation, nuclear breakdown, DNA breakage and sensitivity to denaturation, which have different structures and a different mechanism of interaction with drugs. The results suggest that control of protease inhibitor may be a useful strategy to treat cancers.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1998

[Long-term survival in terms of DNA-RNA contents in breast cancer].

Fifty-nine primary breast cancers were analyzed by flow cytometric cellular DNa-RNA contents stained by acridine orange simultaneous DNA-RNA double staining. Forty-three cases (72.9%) out of 59 had abnormal stemlines (DNA aneuploidy), and 16 normal ones (DNA diploidy). RNA indices widely ranged from 1.41 to 9.02 (2.99). There was no correlation between DNA indices and RNA indices. The patients with DNA diploidy had a better prognosis than those with DNA aneuploidy, but the differences were not significant. The patients with a high RNA index of more than 4.0 had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with an index of less than 4.0. Those results suggest that RNA contents, and DNA contents are independent prognostic factors, and especially RNA contents may be a good prognostic factor in long-term survival in breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1998

[Chest wall reconstruction after resection of malignant chest wall tumors].

Full-thickness chest wall resection is performed for complete removal of primary and secondary malignant chest wall tumors. Large defects of the chest wall after resection must be repaired to maintain adequate ventilation, to protect important intrathoracic structures, and to preserve cosmetic integrity. Various materials have been utilized over the years to replace the rigid chest wall. At present, Marlex mesh and a composite of Marlex mesh and methylmethacrylate are frequently used to reconstruct rigid chest wall defects. On the other hand, to replace the soft part of the chest wall and cover the rigid materials, pedicled muscle flaps, myocutaneous flaps, or omentum are used. Major pedicled flaps include the pectoralis major, rectus abdominis and latissimus dorsi muscular, and musculocutaneous flaps. Techniques are now available to repair any chest wall site, and to restore chest continuity in patients whose tumors are curatively resected.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in bronchial epithelium after lung transplantation in the rat.

BACKGROUND: The normal, mature airway epithelium in experimental animals has a very slow cell turnover and minimal proliferation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as an index of bronchial cell proliferation in the Brown Norway to Lewis rat pulmonary allograft model with or without immunosuppression. METHODS: Brown Norway left lungs were transplanted into Lewis recipients. Some recipients were treated with a high dose of cyclosporine and FK506. Lewis-to-Lewis donor-recipient combination was performed as a control. Lungs were excised on postoperative days 3 and 5. Routinely processed, paraffin-embedded sections were prepared and stained by PCNA. Counts of PCNA-positive cells in the perivascular cellular infiltrate and bronchial surface epithelium were compared with the histologic grade of rejection. RESULTS: The PCNA index (percent of nuclei immunostaining for PCNA) in bronchial surface epithelium was significantly higher in allografts (21.0% +/- 3.1% at 3 days, 31.4% +/- 9.8 % at 5 days, p < 0.05) than in isografts (5.4% +/- 3.0% at 3 days, 4.7% +/- 4.6% at 5 days). The PCNA index was also greater in the perivascular infiltrates of rejecting lungs (23.9% +/- 3.7% at 3 days, 29.1% +/- 6.6% at 5 days). However, in the cyclosporine- and FK506-treated groups, the PCNA index in bronchial surface epithelium was suppressed to less than 5% at 3 and 5 days. Even at 50 days after transplantation, PCNA-positive cells were rare in bronchial epithelium of FK506-treated grafts. CONCLUSIONS: Bronchial epithelium in isografts has a relatively low rate of proliferation. In rejection, allografts have a very rapid cell turnover and proliferation. Proliferating epithelium may be a consequence of immune events or it may contribute to the pathogenesis of those events.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[A case of left main bronchus obstruction due to recurrent esophageal cancer successfully treated by Nd-YAG laser followed by radiotherapy, low-dose CDDP and continuous infusion of 5-FU].

A 63-year-old female patient with obstruction of left main bronchus due to recurrent esophageal cancer was treated by emergency Nd-YAG laser therapy under bronchoscopy. Severe dyspnea subsided dramatically and she was the given radiotherapy with a total dose of 50 Gy (2 Gy/f and 25 f/5 wks). Concurrent chemotherapy was performed at the 3rd week of radiation therapy. In this chemotherapy of CDDP plus 5-FU, CDDP (10 mg/day) was given for 5 days by intravenous and 5-FU (500 mg/day) for 5 days by continuous infusion the same week. By this treatment, a partial response (PR) was obtained, and the patient returned to normal life. But after 4 months, she had a recurrent lesion at the same place, and underwent only palliative laser therapy. Nd-YAG laser therapy for obstructive lesion of trachea due to recurrent cancer is the most useful one, but some subsequent treatment is required.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

Differences in spatial localization and chromatin pattern during different phases of cell cycle between normal and cancer cells.

We studied differences in chromatin patterns and the spatial localization of centromeres of chromosome 11 during the cell cycle between normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60) using fluorescence in situ hybridization. The pericentromeres in both cells were located at the periphery during Gq (quiescent) phase, but moved towards the nuclear center in G1 and mid-S phase. During G2, the pericentromeres of PBL continued to move towards the nuclear center whereas those of HL-60 returned to the periphery. The angle defining the spatial location of two pericentromeres, in reference to the center of the nucleus, increased in PBL cells from a mean of 67 degrees during Gq phase to 106 degrees during G1 phase (P < 0.01), and the two pericentromeres remained wide apart throughout the entire cell cycle. In HL-60, the angle also increased during G1, but then decreased during mid-S and G2 phases. Both cells exhibited pericentromeric signals during Gq that were round and compact, and the entire chromatin was loosely condensed. The signal became more loose and dispersed during the G1 and mid-S phases. The pericentromere signal varied during G2 and was generally rod-like or bipartite with condensation of the entire chromatin or chromosome-like. Our results suggest that subtle but important differences in spatial localization of pericentromeres are present during the interphase between normal PBL and HL-60 cells.

Cell Cycle↗
PubMed1997

Different expressions of sialyl Tn antigen between polypoid and flat-type early colorectal cancers.

PURPOSE: Sialyl Tn (STn) antigen is a cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen expressed in cancers of the digestive tract. We compared the proportion of specimens of flat-type colorectal cancers expressing STn with that of polypoid cancers, by examining the immunohistochemical reactivity of STn in various morphologic types of early and advanced colorectal cancers. METHODS: A total of 111 biopsies from the colorectal area were examined for STn expression, including 11 adenomas, 58 early cancers, and 42 advanced cancers. Each section was stained immunohistochemically for STn antigen. In each section, we examined STn expression in the cancer area, adjacent mucosa, and normal epithelium. RESULTS: STn expression was detected in 90.9 percent of adenomas, 36.2 percent of early cancers (T1), 64.3 percent of advanced cancers (>T1), and 52 percent of mucosa adjacent to cancer. The morphology of cancer tissue did not influence the number of specimens exhibiting STn antigen expression in mucosa adjacent to cancer cells. STn antigen was rarely expressed in flat or depressed-type early cancers (T1; 7.1 percent), and the expression was higher in moderately than in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas. In advanced cancers (>T1), a similar proportion of protruding and small ulcerative cancers expressed STn. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the low expression of STn antigen in flat-type cancers may be the result of different mechanisms of cellular transformation during carcinogenesis from the usual adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal neoplasms.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Analysis of p53 gene deletions in colorectal cancers using fluorescence in situ hybridization.

To examine the relationship between the incidence of p53 gene deletion in each nucleus and the clinicopathological features in colorectal cancers, we performed a cytogenetic study using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH was performed on 5 adenomas and 38 colorectal cancers that had been resected surgically. The nucleus, in which the copy number of the p53 signal was lower than that of chromosome 17, was determined as a deletion of the p53 gene. The mean frequency of the deletion of p53 in adenomas and cancers were 7.8% +/- 3.0% and 57.0% +/- 19.0%, respectively. Numerical aberrations of chromosome 17 or a deletion of p53 were also detected in DNA diploidy. The mean frequency of the deletion of p53 in 32 cases with aneusomy of chromosome 17 (65.7% +/- 14.5%) was significantly higher than that in cases of disomy (51.1% +/- 19.3%, P < 0.05). Even though this frequency was high in the early stage, it was not associated with any specific histopathological features. This frequency was also higher in double primary cancers (70.4% +/- 16.7%) compared with single colorectal cancers (53.4% +/- 18.1%) (P < 0.05). Using FISH, our results demonstrated that the clonal deletion of the p53 locus is an early genetic event of colorectal cancers and that a high incidence of p53 deletion may influence the occurrence of double primary cancers.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1997

Aneusomy of chromosome 18 is associated with the development of colorectal carcinoma.

Specific loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 18 has been observed frequently in advanced colorectal carcinoma and is closely associated with its development. We investigated the prevalence of numerical aberrations of chromosome 18 in 44 specimens of colorectal carcinomas, using fluorescence in situ hybridization. We also examined the relationship between aneusomy of chromosome 18 and the clinicopathological features of these tumors. Aneusomy of the specimens (monosomy and polysomy) was determined when the same aneusomic population was detected in more than 15% of the nuclei. The frequency of monosomy and polysomy of chromosome 18 in colorectal carcinomas was 43% (19/44) and 29% (12/44), respectively. The prevalence of monosomy and polysomy 18 was significantly higher in cancers with invasion exceeding category T2 compared with T1 (P < 0.01), and with tumor size exceeding 20 mm in diameter compared with tumors less than 20 mm (P < 0.05). However, the prevalence of aneusomy 18 was not associated with other clinico-pathological features. The mean survival period and the 5-year survival rate after operation in patients with aneusomy 18 was not different from findings for those with disomy 18. Our results indicate that aneusomy of chromosome 18 is associated with the development of colorectal carcinoma; however, it is not a useful indicator of postoperative prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Gain of chromosome 20 is a frequent aberration in liver metastasis of colorectal cancers.

To investigate the characteristics of the numerical chromosome aberrations in liver metastasis of colorectal cancers, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes 8, 18, 14/22, and 20 was performed in 18 specimens of primary regions and 18 of metastatic regions in liver metastasis of colorectal cancers compared with 15 of non-liver metastatic cancers. Among these numerical aberrations, the gain of chromosome 20, especially copy numbers exceeding three, was frequently observed in primary and metastatic cancers. Among these numerical aberrations, the gain of chromosome 20, especially copy numbers exceeding three, was frequently observed in primary and metastatic regions of liver metastasis groups compared with that of the non-liver metastasis group (P < 0.05). The incidences of gain of chromosome 20 in both regions of the liver metastasis group were higher than that of the non-liver metastasis group (P < 0.05). The gain of chromosome 20 is a frequent aberration in primary and metastatic regions in patients with liver metastatic colorectal cancers and may be available as a genetic marker for the diagnosis or prediction of liver metastasis.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1997

Deletion of chromosome 11 and development of colorectal carcinoma.

The deletion of chromosome 11q is observed frequently in tumors of the large intestine. To investigate the relationship between aberrations of chromosome 11 and histopathological features of colorectal carcinoma, we examined the frequency of chromosome aberrations using fluorescence in situ hybridization to 29 short-term cultured cells from surgical specimens. Numerical aberrations were not related to any factors. The deletion of chromosome 11 was frequently observed in larger (> or = 5 cm) and more invasive tumors (> or = T3 category) (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of aberrations tended to increase in Dukes' B. Although translocation of chromosome 11 was also found in 17% of cases, it was not associated with histopathological features. Our findings indicate that the deletion of chromosome 11 is closely related to the progression of colorectal carcinoma.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1997

[p53 alterations and chromosome 17 aberrations in non-small cell lung cancer].

We studied the relationship between DNA index, numerical abberation of chromosome 17 and alterations of the p53 gene in 23 non-small cell lung cancers. Diploid and aneuploid cells from 23 non-small cell lung cancer with DNA aneuploidy were flow sorted into each cell population using FACStar(plus). They were examined by PCR-SSCP analysis for p53 mutation and by microsatellite analysis for loss of heterozygosity at TP53 locus (17p13.1). They were also analyzed by FISH for copy number of chromosome 17. p53 mutations were found in aneuploid cells from the 11 cases (48%). Among them, 8 cases were informative at TP53 locus, and all showed loss of heterozygosity. Aneuploid cells from 16 cases exhibited gain of chromosome 17 copy number in FISH analysis. DNA index was significantly associated with th mean copy number of chromosome 17, suggesting that the number of chromosome 17 changed with DNA index. There were no associations between p53 mutation and DNA index or mean copy number of chromosome 17. In some cases, we also analyzed structural abberation of short arm of chromosome 17 by FISH using p53-cosmid (17p13.1) and Distal 17p (17p13.3-ptel) probes. The p53 gene located on the increased chromosome 17 was lost due to point mutation or deletion of 17p.

Aneuploidy↗
PubMed1997

[Numerical aberration of chromosome 17 is correlated with multiple primary cancer in colorectal carcinoma].

Numerical aberration of chromosome 17 of 14 cases of colorectal carcinoma with multiple primary cancer (: multiple cancer) was compared with that of 35 cases of colorectal carcinoma without any other cancer (: single cancer). Fluorescence in situ hybridization with p17H8 was performed on touch smear from fresh materials. The proportion of aneusomy 17 (NCAI: numerical chromosome aberration index) in multiple cancers was significantly higher than that of single cancers (37.7 +/- 10.5% VS 46.1 +/- 8.0%; p < 0.01). Although NCAI of single cancers conformed to cancer progression (26.1 +/- 4.7% in Dukes A, 33.1 +/- 7.1% in Dukes B, 39.9 +/- 6.9% in Dukes C, and 45.7 +/- 12.0% in Dukes D), that of multiple cancers was high in all stages (44.7 +/- 7.3%, 44.4 +/- 6.8%, 50.4 +/- 11.2%, and 49.6 +/- 5.6%, respectively). Furthermore, the multiple numerical aberration of chromosome 17 in multiple cancers was more often than that of single cancers (64.3% VS 22.9%; p < 0.01).

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Esophagectomy combined resection of invaded neighboring organs for T4 esophageal carcinoma].

Advanced esophageal cancer, which invades into neighboring organs are classified as T4 esophageal cancer. Thoracic descending aorta, tracheobronchial tree, lung and pericardium are organs frequently invaded from esophageal cancer. Extended operation with combined resection of invaded neighboring organs such as aorta or tracheobronchhial tree were thought to be difficult and had high postoperative complications rates, mortality rates and poor prognosis. Therefore, this type of operation were not performed in the past except a few cases. However, recent progress in the fields of cardiovascular or general thoracic surgery, aortic replacement or tracheobronchial reconstruction become safety operation at present. Reports of extended operation of aortic or tracheobronchial resection for T4 esophageal cancer are increasing. Patients with T4 esophageal cancer are expected to have long term survival from extended operations when their cancer have no distant metastasis, and no or minor regional lymph node metastasis, are resected completely by combined resection of invaded neighboring organs, and responders to preoperative chemo and/or radiotherapy. Extended operation for T4 esophageal cancer will be considered as curative operation for very selected patients and improve the survival of the patients in the future.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1997

[A case of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for multiple liver metastasis from breast cancer].

A 52-year-old woman underwent Auchinclass' operation for breast cancer. The histological type was papillotubular carcinoma. One year and 5 months after operation, multiple liver tumors were found on the CT scan and multiple bone metastasis on MRI. The former were treated by hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy with epirubicin and 5-FU using a subcutaneous implanted pump and the latter by 50 Gy irradiation. The patient began to complain of abdominal pain and discomfort after hepatic artery infusion, so all treatment was discontinued. Six months later the patient died of respiratory failure due to pleural dissemination. No liver mass was detected, and bone metastasis was not changed in section tissues. This suggested that the therapy for a breast cancer patient with distant metastasis must be considered according to the region of recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Flow cytometric quantification of numerical chromosome aberrations in non-small cell lung carcinomas using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue].

Fluorescence in situ hybridization with biotinylated repetitive DNA probe specific for the centromeric region of chromosome 17 (p17H8: Oncor) was applied to suspended nuclei which were isolated by Shutte's method from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue. The tissues were obtained from surgically resected specimens from nine patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma. The isolated nuclei were prepared with 0.05% pepsin/0.1NHCl for 15 minutes at 37 degrees C. Subsequently, these were immersed in 70% acetic acid for 10 seconds at room temperature. After heat denature with hybridization mixture which contained 3 mu 1 DNA probe for 10 minutesat 70 degrees C, 1 x 10(6) nuclei were incubated overnight at 37 degrees C. After washing with 60% formamide/2 x SSC, the hybridized probes were labeled by FITC conjugated avidin. A number of centromeric signals of chromosome 17 wasevaluated by fluorescence microscopy (BH-2, Olympus). Furthermore, a probe-related FITC intensity was quantified using flow cytometry (FACScan, Becton Dickinson). As the results, there was good correlation between a relative fluorescence intensity determined by flow cytometry and a relative fluorescence signal by fluorescence microscopy (p < 0.05).

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Clinical and pathological significance of numerical aberrations of chromosomes 11 and 17 in colorectal neoplasms.

Numerical chromosome aberrations by interphase cytogenetic analysis have been reported in a few samples of colorectal neoplasms. No studies have defined a distinct relationship between these aberrations and clinicopathological features. To investigate the chromosome aberrations as a marker of invasiveness or prognosis, we conducted an interphase cytogenetic study using fluorescence in situ hybridization and examined 142 colorectal neoplasms consisting of 15 adenomas and 127 cancers. The target chromosomes were chromosomes 11 and 17. We also evaluated the nuclear DNA content as detected by flow cytometry, analyzed the relationship between the frequency of aneusomy and clinicopathological features, and examined the survival rate in these patients. The loss of chromosome 11 was observed in 31% of adenomas, whereas in cancers DNA aneuploidy was observed in 63% of cases, a gain of chromosome 17 was observed in 63% of cases, and a gain of chromosome 11 was observed in 42% of cases. Numerical chromosome aberrations in diploid DNA were also observed. Increased depth of invasion (>/=T3) and advanced Dukes' stage (>/=B) of malignant tumors were associated with a higher frequency of a gain of chromosome 11 (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively). Increased depth of invasion (>/=T2) in cancers was associated with a higher frequency of a gain of chromosome 17 (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis of postoperative survival showed that a loss or gain of chromosome 11 was independently associated with a poor prognosis (P < 0.05). Numerical chromosome aberrations appear prior to the alteration of nuclear DNA content as detected by flow cytometry and influence the progression of colorectal cancers. Aneusomy of chromosome 11 is associated with poor postoperative prognosis of primary colorectal cancers.

Adenocarcinoma↗