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Biomedical subjects

H Engel

Publications and source records attributed to H Engel.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Distribution of type I and type II collagen gene expression during the development of human long bones.

The temporal and spatial gene expression of collagen type I and type II during the development of the human long bones was studied by the technique of in situ hybridization covering the period from the cartilagenous bone anlage to the formation of a regular growth plate in the newborn. Analysis of the early stages around the seventh week of gestation revealed for type II collagen a strong hybridization signal limited to the chondrogenic tissue. The surrounding connective tissue and the perichondrium showed weak type I collagen expression, while the zones of desmal ossification like the clavicle gave a strong signal. Beginning with the eighth week of gestation, type I collagen mRNA was detectable in newly formed osteoblasts at the diaphysis and appeared along with the formation bone marrow, in the areas of enchondral ossification. Parallel to the development of the different zones of cartilage differentiation, a specific pattern of type II expression could be observed: type II was mainly found in the chondrocytes of the hypertrophic zone and to a lesser degree in the zone of proliferation, while the resting zone and the zone of provisional calcification showed little activity. This segregation of type II expression was most pronounced in the early stages of cartilage calcification and in the growth plate of the newborn.

Bone Development↗
PubMed1990

Episodic paroxysmal hemicrania: a further case and review of the literature.

Episodic paroxysmal hemicrania was delineated as a clinical entity only two years ago, separating patients whose attacks remained grouped in bouts lasting weeks, from those who started irregularly and lapsed into chronicity or began and continued in the chronic state. A further case of the episodic variety and a review of the nine previously recorded cases is reported. The division into episodic and chronic variants of paroxysmal hemicrania conforms with the classification of cluster headache. The similarity of the two conditions is emphasised although the response to indomethacin in paroxysmal hemicrania is a special feature.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Alkane utilization in Pseudomonas oleovorans. Structure and function of the regulatory locus alkR.

The OCT plasmid-localized alkBAC operon encodes enzymes for alkane hydroxylation and alkanol dehydrogenation. The positively controlled expression of the operon is very efficient in both Pseudomonas putida and Escherichia coli. Two regulatory functions have been ascribed to the regulatory locus alkR: inducer recognition and transcriptional activation of the operon. We have cloned and localized the alkR locus on a 4.9-kilobase pair SalI fragment. The alkR region was analyzed for translation productions in E. coli minicells. Two proteins were identified: a 99- and a 48-kDa peptide. The positions of the cistrons encoding these proteins were established. Both cistrons were shown to be essential for an Alk phenotype. The first cistron (alkS), which encodes the 99-kDa protein, complemented alkR mutations affecting inducer specificity. Furthermore, we found that alkS is responsible for activation of expression of the alkBAC operon since it is required for the induction of the alkB gene product alkane hydroxylase. The second cistron (alkT), which encodes the 48-kDa protein, is required for reconstitution of an Alk phenotype but has no function in regulation of alkBAC expression. Thus, the expression of the alkBAC operon is regulated by a 99-kDa protein, whereas the 48-kDa protein is probably a component of the alkane hydroxylase complex.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1988

Identification of regions affecting virulence, RNA processing and infectivity in the virulent satellite of turnip crinkle virus.

Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) supports a small family of satellite RNAs (RNAs C, D and F). RNA C is a virulent satellite, producing severe symptoms in host plants, while RNAs D and F are avirulent satellites. The virulent satellite (RNA C) has two major domains--a 5'-domain similar to the avirulent satellites and a 3'-domain similar to the 3'-end of the TCV genome. To demonstrate that the 3'-domain of RNA C determines virulence, a chimeric satellite was constructed composed mostly of the 5'-domain of the avirulent satellite (RNA F) and the 3'-domain of the virulent satellite (RNA C). To locate other functional regions, small DNA fragments were inserted or deleted at various sites in the cDNA of virulent satellite (RNA C). Most small internal deletions and insertions in the midsection of the molecule had no detectable effects while those near the 3'-end of RNA C destroyed infectivity. Modifications in a small region centering on an AGCAGC repeat in the domain of satellite homology blocked the accumulation of monomers and presumably the processing of RNA C. Other modifications in this region produced more intense symptoms. Hence, these experiments reveal regions of the satellite which determine virulence, are essential for infectivity, affect monomer accumulation (RNA processing) and modulate symptom expression.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1980

[Stimulation of esophageal motility with bromoprid, domperidon and metoclopramide. Therapy of esophageal reflux disease].

This double-blind and cross-over study was designed to compare the effect of domperidon, metoclopramide and bromopride on esophageal motility. A stimulating effect on lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP) was shown after i.v. bolus of all three substances, not after saline (control period). LESP was rised significantly up to 50 min above basal levels. Motility pattern of the esophagus was also stimulated up to 50 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Experience with the dyspraxia test (according to Lesny)].

The dyspraxia test developed by LESNY was applied in a random test in 279 six-year-old risk and control children fit for infants class. All children showing failures with respect to dyspraxia requirements have on average higher pregnancy and birth risks, have on an average more symptoms of the cerebral-psychic axis syndrome, produce pathological findings more frequently in the usual method of somatic brain stem diagnostics and are regularly below the level of the control group with respect to the various performance, concentration, and behaviour parameters. Mild dyspraxia is characterised by elementary functional weakness which is etiologically caused by a brain injury and psychopathologically exerts a general development-inhibiting effect.

Apraxias↗
PubMed1980

[Frequency and presentation of somatic brain damage criteria in risk children].

The data given in the literature about frequency and relative importance of diagnostic criteria for children with cerebral lesions show considerable differences and so do, as a consequence, diagnosing practice and epidemiological statements. This study aims at weighting the determing factors of a diagnosis and ascretining their interrelations and the associated influence on the psychic-mental development. In a total of 279 six-year-old risk and control children eight criteria regarding brain damage were recorded. The conclusive results give evidence of the influence exerted by organic conditions on the child's development and of the possibility of objectification by common methods. There is no justifiable alternative to a primarily organic basis of the diagnosis of infantile brain damage.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1979

[Factor structure of psychopathologic symptoms in the pre-school age].

The authors present a factor analysis of 49 psychic and physical peculiarities found in 294 children in creches, most of them high-risk children; these were perinatologically classified at the time of birth, and an examination was performed by neuropsychiatrists and a follow-up clinical and psychological examination made, at the age of 2.0-2.3 years. The following two problems were of interest: 1. Can psychosyndromes be detected in creche children and, if so; 2. Does the psychosyndrome obtained through factor analysis contain vegetative symptoms? Results - The peculiarities can be grouped as follows: (table; see text) This is the first time that the existence of a pre-school chronic psychosyndrome has been detected using a multivariate method. Its basic structure is as described by Göllnitz. A discussion follows of its position within the symptom variability in damaged and disturbed children, and of rough brain localization analogies.

Brain Damage, Chronic↗
PubMed1978

[Attitude of mothers towards physical punishment as a counseling problem in small children with developmental disorders].

Using the questionnaire that has been specifically developed to obtain data on parental educational behavior, 294 mothers of 2-year-old children were studied and their attitudes towards corporal punishment correlated with characteristics and symptoms of children as well as with psychosocial factors. Low level of education and lack of domestic happiness proved to be essential conditions for acceptance of corporal punishment. Children with developmental disorders are especially endangered only because of their particular liability to disorders, but on account of the fact that they do not receive the same amount of clemency as do children who are liable to infections. Problems of maleducation should receive greater attention in the elimination of environmental dangers to healthy development of children as well as in counseling.

Attitude↗