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Biomedical subjects

H Festenstein

Publications and source records attributed to H Festenstein.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

A new look at HLA genetics with particular reference to type-1 diabetes.

HLA genotypes were ascertained in 150 families with a diabetic child from the same geographical area. There was preferential zygotic assortment of the paternal HLA A1-B8 haplotype (63--65% compared with the expected 50%) in 69 diabetic families and 33 control families (pooled from elsewhere) who were informative for this haplotype. In diabetic families, the offspring also had an increased incidence of the maternal HLA A2-B15-Cw3 haplotype. Irrespective of which parent contributed the HLA A1-B8 haplotype, there was a significantly increased incidence of male children (63%) who inherited this particular haplotype. This probably explains the known excess of male diabetic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

"Ia-like" antigens on human T cells.

Human T lymphocytes have been tested for cell surface p. 28,33 "Ia-like" heteroantigen and DRw alloantigens. Small numbers (1--5%) of sheep (E) rosette or T antigen-positive, surface immunoglobulin-negative (E+, T+, smIg-) T cells were Ia+; these cells appeared to be restricted to the TG subset. Following activation by allogeneic lymphocytes or sperm, or by purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), the proportion of positive T cells increased substantially. DRw typing indicated that Ia specificities on activated T cells were not acquired passively from the stimulator cells, suggesting therefore that either "selection" of a small DRw+ cell subset or derepression and/or exposure of DR locus gene products occurs during T cell activation.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1979

HLA-D typing of human lymphocytes using frozen and thawed spermatozoa.

A method is described for the preservation of haploid populations of human spermatozoa in liquid nitrogen for their subsequent use as stimulators in HLA-D (SL) lymphocyte typing. The typing results obtained using thawed spermatozoa correlated well with those obtained when using fresh sperm and also with other cellular typing methods.

Freezing↗
PubMed1979

HLA-linked genes and leprosy: a family study in Karigiri, South India.

The evidence for a genetic determination of susceptibility to leprosy is reviewed. To test the hypothesis that an HLA (histocompatibility leukocyte antigen)-linked gene is associated with such susceptibility, the association between the distribution of leprosy within a family and the segregation of HLA haplotypes was investigated among 72 families who lived in Karigiri, Tamil Nadu State, South India. A statistically significant association was found for families in which siblings had tuberculoid leprosy and in which neither parent had leprosy. The findings from the data of this study agree with those of two previous studies carried out among smaller populations is Surinam and Wardha, Maharashtra State, India. Such an agreement suggests that a genetic determinant which is linked to the major HLA locus on chromosome 6 and which is probably recessive affects susceptibility to tuberculoid leprosy in humans.

Alleles↗
PubMed1979

Ankylosing hyperostosis: a study of HLA A, B, and C antigens.

HLA A, B, and C antigens were studied in 25 patients with ankylosing hyperostosis. There was no evidence of an increased frequency of any antigen in association with the condition itself. However, a high frequency of several antigens was found, reflecting the predominance of Jewish patients in the series.

Ankylosis↗
PubMed1979

HLA antigens in chronic relapsing idiopathic inflammatory polyneuropathy.

Observations are reported on 14 patients with a clinical diagnosis of recurrent or chronic relapsing idiopathic inflammatory polyneuropathy of Guillain-Barré type. The results suggest the possibility of a disease susceptibility gene for this disorder associated with the HLA-A1, -B8, -DRw3, and -Dw3 haplotype.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1979

Modification of the anti-tumour immune response by suppressor gene products of lymphoid cells.

Immunization of mice with BALB/c spleen cells leads to the production of effector lymphocytes which are cytostatic in in vitro assays to tumours of the same haplotype or carrying cross-reacting antigens. Immunization with B10.D2, a strain H-2 identical with BALB/c, does not generate cytostatic effector cells, nor does immunization with the F1 hybrids between B10.D2 and BALB/c. Analysis of the progeny of backcrosses of the F1 hybrids to BALB/c gave evidence that the suppressive effect of B10.D2 immunization is controlled by a single gene. Spleen cells from mice immunized with BALB/c or B10.D2 cultured in vitro with the corresponding stimulator cells yielded soluble factors in the supernatants that were respectively capable of amplifying or suppressing the in vitro cytostatic effect. Such experiments revealed that the inhibition of cytostasis caused by immunization with B10.D2 is not at the sensitization but at the effector phase of the assay. Possible mechanisms of action of this suppressor gene are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Non-HLA-D determinants detected by the micro-MLC test.

A modified, highly sensitive microculture technique was used to demonstrate the presence of ? non-HLA-D-encoded Lad when both stimulator and responder cells were presumably HLA-D identical and when tested in conventional mini-MLC in round bottomed Linbro/Cooke plates failed to demonstrate any significant stimulation.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1978

Evidence for a primary autoimmune type of diabetes mellitus.

Sixty-eight patients with longstanding diabetes and persistent islet-cell antibody and 35 with coexistent diabetes and Graves's disease or primary myxoedema were studied with particular reference to the HLA system and autoantibody patterns. A higher incidence of HLA-B8 than normal was observed in the two groups. An additive relative risk exists when type I diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease coexist, indicating that different HLA-linked genes may confer susceptibility to the pancreatic and thyroid disorders. Other characteristics, including female predominance, a later onset of diabetes, and a strong family history of autoimmune endocrinopathy, provide further evidence that this form of diabetes is aetiologically distinct from that generally seen in children. These results support the hypothesis of a primary autoimmune type of diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗