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Biomedical subjects

H Gotoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Gotoh.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The efficacy of VAD chemotherapy for refractory lymphoid malignancies].

Thirty patients with refractory lymphoid malignancies [multiple myeloma (MM): 8, plasma cell leukemia (PCL): 2, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL): 5, chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis: 1, chronic lymphocytic leukemia in blast crisis: 1, adult T-cell leukemia: 1, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): 9, Hodgkin's disease (HD): 3] were treated with VAD regimen (vincristine, doxorubicin, dexamethasone). Of 28 evaluable patients, 4 patients achieved complete response or remission [MM1, ALL1, NHL1, HD1], 10 attained partial response or remission [MM5, PCL1, NHL3, HD1], and 2 patients with MM attained minor response. The remission duration ranged from 1 month to over 14 months. The response rate was high in patients with MM (75%) and lymphoma (60%), however 4 patients with T-cell malignancies achieved no response except one with NHL. In three patients who showed resistance to VAD, diltiazem was administered in addition to VAD and one patient with MM had response. Atrio-ventricular block was also observed in one patient during the period of diltiazem administration. Nine patients developed documented infections, 5 of which suffered from candida infections. From these observations, we concluded that VAD regimen might be useful as a salvage therapy especially in patients with MM and lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Successful pregnancy after 6 years complete remission in patient with acute myeloblastic leukemia].

A 25-year-old woman was diagnosed as acute myeloblastic leukemia (M1 in FAB classification) in May 1983, and treated with DCMP regimen, which led to the complete remission. Intensification therapies and maintenance therapy with OK-432 were continued until August 1988, and 10 months later she conceived. She delivered a healthy 2,680 g male baby at 36th week of pregnancy by Cesarean section because of abruptio placentae. This case suggests that normal pregnancy is possible in patients with acute leukemia who received anti-cancer drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Axoplasmic transport of mitochondria in cultured dorsal root ganglion cells.

The movements of individual mitochondria in cultured mouse dorsal root ganglion cells were directly observed by using fluorescent staining with rhodamine 123 in combination with video microscopic techniques. This gives greater spatial and temporal resolution and much higher specificity than possible by conventional methods. The instantaneous velocities were 0.55 +/- 0.11 microns/s anterograde and 0.60 +/- 0.10 microns/s retrograde. Movement of the mitochondria was in fits and starts, and some reversed direction. The number of mitochondria moving retrogradely was 1.5-1.9 times greater than the number moving anterogradely. The average length of mitochondria moving retrogradely was 2.8 microns and of mitochondria moving anterogradely was 4.1 microns. These results suggest that mitochondria increase their numbers by division in the nerve fiber terminal.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

A correlation between serum immunosuppressive acidic protein and altered immunocompetence in patients with brain tumours.

The present investigation was conducted to document a correlation between the serum levels of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and depressed lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogens in vitro in patients with intracranial tumours, and to delineate the possible roles of IAP upon immunocompetence in these patients. It was thought that high concentrations of IAP present in the serum of brain-tumour patients may play a significant role in the immunosuppression seen in this patient population. The effect of IAP upon mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte function was evaluated by tritiated (3H)-thymidine incorporation. Lymphocytes from both 30 patients with intracranial tumours and 30 normal individuals were incubated for 90 hours in culture medium in the presence of three mitogens: phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin A (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Lymphocytes obtained from patients with brain tumours and cultured in autologous serum displayed a significant depression of 3H-thymidine incorporation, as was observed in previous studies. In addition, a significant suppression of mitogen-induced activation of the normal lymphocytes was demonstrated in the presence of allogeneic patients' serum and the percentage of inhibition was found significantly proportional to the IAP concentrations. Furthermore it was also demonstrated that increased levels of serum IAP could significantly correlate with two in vivo aspects of impaired cellular immunity: the decreased lymphocyte counts in the peripheral blood and diminished cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity reactions measured by purified protein derivative (PPD) skin test reactivity. On the other hand, an attempt was also made to investigate changes in humoral immunity and immunoglobulin concentrations were observed not to correspond to the serum IAP levels. These studies suggest a possible connection between serum IAP levels and altered cellular immune competence in brain-tumour patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

An examination of respiratory distress and chromosomal abnormalities in the offspring of male mice treated with ethylnitrosourea.

A functional defect (respiratory distress), in addition to morphological defects, was induced in the offspring of male ICR mice treated with ethylnitrosourea (ENU) before mating. ENU (100 and 50 micrograms/g) was injected intraperitoneally into adult male ICR mice that were then mated with untreated females. After the cesarian operation on the 18th day of gestation, fetuses were resuscitated. In the apneic fetuses showing respiratory distress, the lung was collapsed and the ductus arteriosus was not closed. The incidence of fetuses showing respiratory distress was significantly increased with the high dose (100 micrograms/g) of ENU, and it was higher after spermatogonial exposure than after postmeiotic exposure. There was no linearity in the dose-response relationship at the lower dose (50 micrograms/g), as was the case with the specific-locus mutation. The frequency per microgram ENU of fetuses showing respiratory distress was 3.7 X 10(-4) for spermatogonial treatment (calculated at a dose of 100 micrograms/g), the value being about 10-20 times higher than that of ordinary mutations in mice. About half of the fetuses showing respiratory distress often had specific anomalies (dwarfism and gigantic thymus), but the remainder showed no morphological changes. Spermatogonial treatment produced a zero or very low incidence of translocations in the meiotic configurations of primary spermatocytes. G-band analysis of the affected F1 fetuses also revealed no visible chromosomal abnormalities (there could be small deletions or inversions) except that trisomy 19 was found in a dwarf fetus.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1990

[A case of gastric lipoma diagnosed preoperatively].

A case of gastric lipoma seen in a 57-year-old-woman was reported. UGI, endoscope, CT, MRI and EUS revealed a tumor, which showed typical findings of this disease. Above all, EUS findings correlated well with the cut surface of the operative specimen.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Rescue of Sendai virus from viral ribonucleoprotein-transfected cells by infection with recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying Sendai virus L and P/C genes.

The Sendai virus ribonucleoprotein (RNP) showed only very low plaque-forming titers upon transfection and the virus yields after one-step growth were quite limited. We tried to enhance the Sendai virus yield by supplying the viral L and P/C gene products through vaccinia vectors. A combination of the recombinant vaccinia viruses carrying the L gene (Vac-HL) and the P/C gene (Vac-HPC), both of which were driven by the promoter of the vaccinia virus 7.5K protein gene, enhanced the yield only a little whereas another combination of Vac-HLd7.5, the L gene insert of which was driven by the promoter of the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene in place of the 7.5K promoter, and Vac-HPC greatly enhanced the Sendai virus yield. This seemed to correlate with the fact that the Vac-HL interfered with Sendai virus growth markedly while the Vac-HLd7.5 did not. These results strongly suggest that the L and P/C gene products act in cooperation as the RNA polymerase, and overproduction of the L protein is inhibitory for Sendai virus growth. This system seems to be of value as a tool for analyzing the functions of L and P/C genes of Sendai virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Improved recombinant LC16m0 or LC16m8 vaccinia virus successfully expressing hepatitis B surface antigen.

An attempt was made to develop a safe, efficacious live recombinant vaccine using low neurovirulent strains of vaccinia virus: LC16m0 (m0) or LC16m8 (m8). Recombinant vaccinia virus (RVV) was constructed by inserting the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene fused to a 7.5 kDa protein promoter (7.5 kDa promoter) within the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase (TK) gene using the m0 or m8 strain as vectors. These RVVs expressed significant amounts of HBsAg (1.1 microgram/2 X 10(5) cells) consisting of 24.5 and 28 kDa (glycosylated) proteins. HBsAg produced by RVV (vaccinia HBsAg) had physical properties very similar to plasma-derived HBsAg. Considering the safety of RVVs from m0 or m8 that have been constructed with HBsAg without the addition of a promoter and the high induction of anti-HBs antibody with RVV from m0 strain in rabbits, the RVVs constructed in the present study are likely to form the basis of a safe live RVV vaccine for hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma with a duodenal invasion from metastatic lymph node].

A 64-year-old male, who had been diagnosed as having hepatocellular carcinoma, was admitted to hospital and underwent transcatheter arterial infusion therapy. CT and US examinations revealed a large tumor with air in its center. Barium meal examination of the duodenum showed a large filling defect with a central excavation. At endoscopic examination, a dark reddish tumor was seen protruding into the duodenal lumen. A biopsy specimen from this tumor revealed a hepatocellular carcinoma. The patient subsequently died of hepatic coma following gastrointestinal bleeding. An autopsy revealed that metastatic lymph nodes had infiltrated into the adjacent duodenum. Nine previous cases of duodenal metastasis from a hepatocellular carcinoma have been reported in the Japanese literature.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Activities of dipeptidyl peptidase II and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

We examined the activities of peptidases in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) activity was lower in synovial fluid from patients with RA, in contrast to the increase of DPP II activity in synovial fluid, as compared with OA. The DPP II/DPP IV ratio for synovial fluid was significantly higher in patients with RA than in patients with OA. A significant correlation was observed between the DPP II/DPP IV ratio for synovial fluid from patients with RA and the amount of C-reactive protein reaction. These results may be useful in the diagnosis of joint effusion of unknown origin.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1989

[Survey on oral and maxillofacial injuries in contact sports and diffusion of mouthguards].

Recent reports have shown an increase of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by sports activities. In European and American countries, mouthguards are the popular measure against these injuries. The purpose of this study was to survey the rate of incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries caused by contact sports, the diffusion and the evaluation of mouthguards and the interest in mouthguards in Japan. Questionnaires were sent to 244 Rugby football teams in Aichi prefecture and 27 American football teams in the Tokai area. We received replies from 153 Rugby football teams and 17 American football teams, and the results were as follows: 1) The rate of incidence of oral and maxillofacial injuries was 239 players out of 4721 players, which means 5.1% in Rugby football and 22 players out of 428 players, which means 5.1% in American football. 2) The diffusion of mouthguards was 20 out of 153 teams in Rugby football and 16 out of 17 teams in American football. And most of them are using commercially available mouthguards. 3) Almost all teams were not satisfied with their mouthguards and complained of speaking difficulties, discomfort and easy dislocation. 4) Almost all teams desire the improvement of mouthguards. 5) Teams with no experience of mouthguards were very much interested in the use of mouthguards but they do not have enough information about mouthguards. 6) We have to enlighten players and their instructors about mouthguards and diffuse the use of mouthguards more positively to contact sports players.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Inhibiting effects of nicotinamide on urethane-induced malformations and tumors in mice.

The antipellagratic vitamin, nicotinamide, significantly suppressed urethane-induced malformations, when it was given intraperitoneally to pregnant JCL:ICR mice immediately after a single subcutaneous injection of urethane (1.0 mg/g) on the 9th day of gestation. The level of inhibition increased with the doses of nicotinamide: 33.0, 55.8, and 70.0% at doses of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/g, respectively. Polydactyly and tail anomalies were markedly suppressed by the post-treatment with nicotinamide, while cleft palates were less effectively suppressed. Nicotinamide was still effective, when it was given during the period of 24-48 h after urethane treatment. Furthermore, dietary administration of nicotinamide also reduced urethane-induced malformations. The level of inhibition was 39.4 and 61.1% at 0.5 and 1.0% of nicotinamide in the diet, respectively. Higher doses of nicotinamide (3 and 5% in diet) also inhibited urethane-induced malformations, but not so effectively as lower doses. The inhibiting effects of nicotinamide on the spontaneous incidence of cleft lips and palates in CL/Fr mice were significant at a low dose (0.5% in diet), but not at a higher dose (1.0%). When [carbonyl-14C]nicotinamide was given to pregnant mice, nicotinamide and small amounts of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), but not nicotinic acid, were detected chromatographically in the fetus and placenta, indicating that nicotinamide or NAD+ acts directly on the fetus to suppress urethane-induced malformations. A preliminary study revealed that urethane-induced lung tumorigenesis in JCL:ICR mice was also inhibited by post-treatment with nicotinamide in the diet. The level of inhibition was proportional to the dose of nicotinamide, that is, 35.0 and 62.8% at 1.0 and 2.5% of nicotinamide in the diet, respectively.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1988

Translocations t(15;17) and t(9;14)(q34;q22) in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia with increased number of basophils.

A patient with a variant form of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3 variant) associated with an increased number of basophils was found to present a reciprocal translocation, t(9;14)(q34;q22) in addition to t(15;17)(q22;q12). Although several cases of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with increased bone marrow and peripheral blood basophils have been reported, this is the first case in which both the t(9;14) and basophilia were observed in a patient with M3. Our findings support the hypothesis that 9q34 may be associated with the chromosomal location of genes regulating the production and maturation of basophils.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Differential effects of diacylglycerols and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate on protein phosphorylation and cell proliferation of tumor promoter-dependent leukemia cell line A65T.

The growth of A65T cells, a mouse thymic leukemia cell line, was strictly dependent on the presence of tumor promoters, such as 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), teleocidin and mezerein. In the presence of the tumor promoters, A65T cells proliferated rapidly in a concentration-dependent manner. When the cells were cultured with a synthetic diacylglycerol, 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG) or 1,2-dicaprylin, cell proliferation was not stimulated. In addition, bihourly cumulative addition of OAG or 1,2-dicaprylin again failed to induce A65T cell proliferation. Phospholipase C (PLC) induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of A65T cell proliferation, though the effect was slight compared with that of the tumor promoters. Protein kinase C activity was detected both in cytosol and particulate fractions of A65T cells. When the cells were incubated in the TPA-free medium for 5 h, the protein kinase C activity in the cytosol fraction increased, whereas the activity in the particulate fraction decreased. Treatment of the cells with the tumor promoters mentioned above resulted in the increased phosphorylation of proteins with apparent mol. wts of 27,000 and 68,000. The effects were concentration-dependent and the half maximal phosphorylation was observed either with 3.6 nM TPA, 4.5 ng/ml teleocidin or 0.33 microM mezerein, respectively. On the other hand, a half maximal effect on cell proliferation was observed either with 0.14 nM TPA, 47 pg/ml teleocidin or 6.3 nM mezerein, respectively. At these concentrations, these tumor promoters never induced the detectable stimulations of the protein phosphorylation. A synthetic diacylglycerol 1,2-dicaprylin failed to stimulate the phosphorylation of 27- and 68-kd proteins, but stimulated the phosphorylation of proteins with apparent mol. wts of 100,000 and 54,000. The effect was concentration-dependent and a half maximal stimulation was observed with 35 micrograms/ml 1,2-dicaprylin. Neither TPA, teleocidin nor mezerein stimulated the phosphorylation of these 100- and 54-kd proteins. OAG and PLC failed to induce any detectable alterations in the protein phosphorylation in A65T cells. Both OAG and 1,2-dicaprylin, which we used, actually activated partially purified mouse brain protein kinase C in a concentration-dependent manner. These results clearly demonstrate that in A65T cells TPA and diacylglycerol mutually stimulate the phosphorylation of the completely different set of endogenous proteins, and also suggest that the cell-proliferating effects of the tumor promoters do not appear to be mediated through the phosphorylation of 27- and 68-kd proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency in mice.

The enzyme steroid 21-hydroxylase (21-OHase) plays a key role in adrenal steroidogenesis. Defects in this enzyme are responsible for one of the most common inborn errors of metabolism in humans. Duplicated genes for the enzyme are located in the class III region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), HLA. In the mouse, the genes encoding 21-OHase have been mapped to the homologous region of the H-2 complex. We previously described an H-2 recombinant haplotype aw18, in which the gene for the complement component C4 and one of the two genes for 21-OHase in the H-2 class III region have been deleted. We now report that newborn aw18 homozygous mice are deficient in 21-OHase activity, and that homozygosity for the aw18 haplotype directly causes death at the early postnatal stage. Morphological changes in the adrenal glands of newborn aw18 homozygotes are also observed. The aw18 recombinant haplotype is expected to serve as a useful and, thus far, unique experimental system to study adrenal steroidogenesis in vivo and as an animal model for the inherited human disease of congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Adrenal Glands↗