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Biomedical subjects

H Gotoh

Publications and source records attributed to H Gotoh.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Activity of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and post-proline cleaving enzyme in sera from osteoporotic patients.

The activity of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.5) in human sera from normal controls and osteoporotic patients was assayed with Gly-Pro-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (Gly-Pro-MCA) as substrate, at pH 8.7. The mean normal value for the activity in serum of 120 healthy subjects (ages 20-86 y) was 54.0 (SE 0.9, range 34.3-81.6) U/L at 37 degrees C and differed slightly but significantly between the younger group (less than 50 y old) and those older than 50 y. Values for the younger men were slightly but significantly higher than for the older men. Overall, however, the enzyme activities in serum were above normal in patients with osteoporosis. In contrast, the activity of post-proline cleaving enzyme (PPCE) was not increased in serum from patients with osteoporosis, as determined with succinyl-Gly-Pro-4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (Suc-Gly-Pro-MCA) as substrate. These results suggest that high activities of dipeptidyl peptidase IV in serum of patients with osteoporosis are probably related to its severity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Morphine selectively suppresses the slow response of tooth pulp-driven neurons in first somatosensory cortex (SI) of the cat.

Tooth pulp-driven (TPD) neurons are found in the oral area of the first somatosensory cortex (SI) and they have been classified into fast (F-) type, slow (S-) type and fast type accompanied by afterdischarges (Fa). Effects of morphine on single unit responses of the F- and S-type neurons to pulp stimulation were examined by recording the discharges from a single neuron using a microelectrode. Intraperitoneal administration of morphine at 1.5 mg/kg markedly suppressed the response of S-type TPD neurons that fire with a long latency. This effect was completely reversed by naloxone at 0.2 mg/kg. On the other hand, the discharges of F-type neurons that fire with a short latency were not affected by application of morphine at 3 mg/kg. These findings suggest that S-type neurons in SI are concerned with pain perception.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunosuppressive acidic protein in patients with brain tumours: a preliminary report.

The present investigation was conducted to document the serum concentrations of immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) in patients with intracranial tumours utilizing the single radial immunodiffusion method. Among 46 pre-operative patients, elevated serum levels of IAP were found in nine of 16 patients with gliomas, six of nine patients with metastasis, and two of 21 patients with non-glial, histologically benign intracranial tumours. The mean value of serum IAP in glial or metastatic tumours was found significantly higher than that of either non-glial or normal individuals. It was postulated that serum IAP levels could correlate with a grade of anaplasia and malignancy of the tumour. And it was also of note that serum IAP levels appeared to have a tendency to decrease in response to the treatment. In addition, serum IAP levels were found correlated with the clinical condition and course of disease as evaluated by performance status and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Therefore, it was suggested that measurement of serum IAP could be, at least in part, useful in validating the histologic analysis of brain tumours, in following responses to treatment when used as a tumour indicator, and in monitoring the progress of the disease in patients in terms of performance status.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[A case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast].

A rare case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the breast is reported. The patient was a 54-year-old unmarried female (G 0, P 0, AB 0) with a several months' history of inflammatory reactions, such as infection, erosion, and a swelling of her entire left breast. She died of this disease in 6 months despite an operation and combined chemotherapy (CMF). Her serum CEA level had well reflected the course of her treatment. Histopathologically, a primary lesion and axillary lymph nodes were found to be filled with typical signet ring cells, whose cytoplasm showed positive staining for PAS and Alcian blue stains as well as CEA. This case, both clinically and histopathologically, displayed the peculiar characteristics of signet ring cell carcinoma, which differs from other types of breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1986

Biochemical and morphological correlates of transmitter type in C2, an identified histaminergic neuron in Aplysia.

There is compelling evidence that histamine serves as a neurotransmitter in C2, a pair of symmetrical neurons in the cerebral ganglion of Aplysia californica. These cells had previously been shown to contain high concentrations both of histamine and of its biosynthetic enzyme, histidine decarboxylase; in addition, 3H-histamine injected intrasomatically was found to move along C2's axons by fast transport. Furthermore, several actions of C2 on identified follower cells were simulated by the application of histamine. We have now characterized this identified neuron further. C2 converts 3H-histidine to histamine: 16% of the labeled precursor was converted to histamine 1 hour after intrasomatic injection. Synthesis of 3H-histamine is specific, since no conversion occurred after injection of other identified Aplysia neurons that are known to use other neurotransmitter substances. We also examined the fine structure of C2's cell body, axons, and axon terminals within the cerebral ganglion and in the nerves that carry its three peripheral branches, identified after injection of Lucifer Yellow, 3H-histamine, or horseradish peroxidase. Characteristic dense-core vesicles are present in all regions of the neuron, and are labeled after intrasomatic injection of 3H-histamine. These 100-nm vesicles together with 60-nm electron-lucent vesicles fill the varicose extensions of C2's neurites that are widely distributed within the ganglion, but only the smaller vesicles cluster at the membrane specializations presumed to be active zones that make contact with many neurons. The widespread distribution of axon terminals and varicosities is consistent with the idea that C2 is modulatory in function; 3H-histamine is taken up selectively by the cell body and axons of C2 and of several other putative histaminergic neurons in a Na+ -dependent manner. Characterization of these biochemical and morphological features of C2 adds to the large amount of information already available to make this identified cell a standard for identifying other neurons that use histamine as a transmitter.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Bacteriological and clinical study of ciprofloxacin in gonococcal urethritis].

The purpose of this study was to determine the susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to ciprofloxacin (CPFX). The MIC's of CPFX against 50 clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae was examined and they were between less than or equal to 0.003 microgram/ml and 0.006 microgram/ml including 8 beta-lactamase producing strains. The CPFX was administered orally to 3 groups of 10 cases with gonococcal urethritis, groups being determined by 3 dose levels: a group with 200 mg b.i.d. for 3 days (a total of 1,200 mg), another with 400 mg b.i.d. (a total of 800 mg) and the final group with single administration of 400 mg. The effect of CPFX in the 1,200 mg-administered group was excellent in 3 and good in 7. The effect of the drug in the 800 mg-administered group was excellent in 2 and good in 8. The effect in the 400 mg-administered group was all good. Therefore, the overall cure rate was 100% including 5 patients with beta-lactamase producing gonococcic infection. Side effects were not observed in the 30 cases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of adriamycin ointment in advanced or local recurrent breast cancer].

For the purpose of local therapy for advanced and recurrent breast cancer, we have applied a new Adriamycin (ADR) ointment. This new ADR ointment has been prepared by the technique of a two-factor composite experimental design and includes PEG: 25%, CVP: 0.65%, HPC: 1.35% and ADR: 0.04%. We have applied it to three patients with advanced breast cancer and six patients with locally recurrent breast cancer. By using this ointment, the skin ulcers have become dry, bleeding has stopped and the sense of heat has been lost. In some cases, the neoplastic ulcers have diminished in size. Some problems with this ointment are easy bleeding at the time of removing the gauze and an unstable effect in diminishing the size of the neoplasm. We therefore think that the use of this ointment alone is very effective for controlling the symptoms of the local lesion, but not so effective for diminishing the size of the neoplasm.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Failure of 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol to mimic the cell-differentiating action of 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate in HL-60 cells.

Treatment of human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60 cells) with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) results in terminal differentiation of the cells to macrophage-like cells. Treatment of the cells with TPA induced marked enhancement of the phosphorylation of 28- and 67-kDa proteins and a decrease in that of a 75-kDa protein. When the cells were treated with diacylglycerol, i.e. 50 micrograms/ml 1-oleoyl-2-acetylglycerol (OAG), similar changes in the phosphorylation of 28-, 67-, and 75-kDa proteins were likewise observed, indicating that OAG actually stimulates protein kinase C in intact HL-60 cells. OAG (1-100 micrograms/ml), which we used, activated partially purified mouse brain protein kinase C in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 10 nM TPA for 48 h caused an increase by about 8-fold in cellular acid phosphatase activity. Although a significant increase in acid phosphatase activity was induced by OAG, the effect was scant compared to that of TPA (less than 7% that of TPA). After 48-h exposure to 10 nM TPA, about 95% of the HL-60 cells adhered to culture dishes. On the contrary, treatment of the cells either with OAG (2-100 micrograms/ml) or phospholipase C failed to induce HL-60 cell adhesion. Ca2+ ionophore A23187 failed to act synergistically with OAG. In addition, hourly or bi-hourly cumulative addition of OAG for 24 h also proved ineffective to induce HL-60 cell adhesion. Our present results do not imply that protein kinase C activation is nonessential for TPA-induced HL-60 cell differentiation, but do demonstrate that protein kinase C activation is not the sole event sufficient to induce HL-60 cell differentiation by means of this agent.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Organelle motility in rat pituitary clonal cells. I. Dynamic movements of intracellular organelles.

Intracellular organelle motion within clonal pituitary tumor cells (GH3) was observed directly with a contrast enhancement, computer-video microscope system. All particles except nuclei moved in a complex fashion. Two types of particles predominated; one large and round, the other small and elongated. We classified the movements of these particles as saltation, oscillation and slow translocation. Saltation was directional movement with velocity of the order of 1 micron/sec. Oscillation was local motion occurring within 1 micron that showed no specific direction. Its velocity was similar to that of saltation. Large particles, in particular, showed the 3rd type of movement, slow translocation. The velocity appeared to be one order slower than that of saltation. We also examined the cells with fluorescent, dark-field and electron microscopies. We concluded that the large round particles were lysosomes and the small elongated ones mitochondria. The microtubule depolymerizer, vinblastine and the microfilament depolymerizer, cytochalasin D, completely inhibited all the types of organelle movement. The mechanism and significance of these organelle movements are discussed.

Animals↗