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Biomedical subjects

H H Fudenberg

Publications and source records attributed to H H Fudenberg.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Myasthenia gravis, premature menopause, and thyroid autoimmunity.

Two case reports of patients with myasthenia gravis, premature menopause at ages 18 and 29 years, and evidence of thyroid and ovarian autoimmunity are presented. Both patients had elevated gonadotropins, sex steroid values in the menopausal range, and ovaries without follicular activity. An autoimmune etiology is suggested because of the high titers of antithyroid and antiovarian antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Defective immunoregulation in multiple sclerosis.

Imbalances in T cell subpopulations have been reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study of 31 MS patients, the percentage of T cells with Fc receptors for IgG (Tg) was found to be increased in patients with chronic progressive disease, and another T cell subset binding to the Raji B lymphoid cell line was decreased. An inverse correlation (r = -0.675; < 95% confidence limit) was found between these two subsets, suggesting that they vary inversely in MS. The mitogenic responses of MS mononuclear cells, isolated T cells, and recombinet T and non-T cells to the lectins phytohemagglutinin and pokeweek mitogen (PWM) did not differ from those of normal cells. However, more immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing cells were generated in a PWM-driven system with cells from MS patients than with cells from age-matched controls (p < 0.05). Autologous recombination of separated T and non-T cells did not significantly modify these results. T cells from MS patients added to B cells from normal controls exerted an effect that was related to their percentage of Tg cells; that is, values above 15% were associated with a suppression of Ig production, whereas for Tg values below 12%, a helper effect or no modification was observed. These results suggest that changes in T cell subsets in MS are related to changes in functional ability to modulate Ig production by normal B cells. However, MS B cells partly escape regulation by their own T cells, suggesting an associated B cell hyperactivity.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Chorioretinitis with a combined defect in T and B lymphocytes and granulocytes. A new syndrome successfully treated with dialyzable leukocyte extracts (transfer factor).

A patient with immune deficiency, recurrent pyogenic infections and active chorioretinitis is described; in addition to agammaglobulinemia, both quantitative and qualitative T-cell deficiencies were documented. Furthermore, the patient's granulocytes (polymorphonuclear leukocytes), although normal in their bactericidal capacity for Staphylococcus, responded poorly to both leukocyte migration inhibition factor and neutrophil immobilizing factor obtained from normal cells. The immunologic features of this patient appear to comprise a new syndrome. Remarkable diminution of the ocular lesions and increased visual acuity occurred within two months after the initiation of therapy with dialyzable leukocyte extracts (transfer factor). Concurrent testing of the patient's cell-mediated immunity showed increased numbers of circulating T lymphocytes and improved T-cell function following dialyzable leukocyte extract [DLE] therapy. The dramatic clinical results indicate that similar therapy may prove to be beneficial in other patients with chorioretinitis and T-cell deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Anti-ovarian and anti-lymphocyte antibodies in patients with chronic vaginal candidiasis.

Seventeen of 30 patients with chronic vaginal candidiasis (CVC) of at least 5 years duration had varying degrees of menstrual problems and defective T lymphocyte function; 8 developed amenorrhea. In a group of 40 CVC patients, titers of autoantibodies to ovary, thymocytes, a T-cell line (CCRF-CEM), and a B-cell line (RN114) were significantly higher than those in 45 normal females (69 +/- 3 vs. 5 +/- 2, 70 +/- 27 vs. 4 +/- 2, l7 +/- 6, vs. 4 +/ 2, and 73 +/- 24 vs. 8 +/- 5, respectively, mean +/- S.E.). Antibody titers to sperm, T-cell line HSB-2, and B-cell lines RAJI and BALL-1 were within the normal range. Significant correlations were found between anti-Candida, anti-ovarian, and anti-thymocyte antibody titers. Similar results were found for 6 patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMCC) and in serial samples obtained over a one-year period from a representative patient with both CVC and CMCC. The anti-T-lymphocyte antibodies in these patients were directed primarily against non-suppressor (predominately helper) T cells. Absorption of the sera with either Candida cells, ovarian follicle cells, or thymocytes reduced all three antibody titers; absorption with sperm or B-cell lines did not alter the titers. These results suggest the presence of one or more cross-reactive antigens on ovarian follicle, T lymphocytes (especially the helper cell subpopulation), and Candida.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

Immunoglobulin quantitation and enumeration of immunoglobulin-producing cells: comparison of two index of B-cell activation.

Human lymphocytes were cultured under different conditions to determine the effects of technical variations on the response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and Staphylococcus aureus as measured by (a) quantitation of immunoglobulins (Ig) in the culture supernatants and (b) enumeration of Ig-secreting cells (ISC) by a reverse plaque technique. The highest numbers of ISC were measured when the cells were cultivated in standing tubes, without glutamine supplementation during the culture, and at a concentration of 1 x 10(6) cells/ml. The highest Ig concentrations were measured under similar conditions, except that somewhat higher values were obtained with cell cultivated at 1 x 10(6)/ml in 2 ml cultures with PWM stimulation and 2.5 x 10(6)/ml in 1 ml cultures with S. aureus stimulation. In time-course studies, peak ISC responses occurred on day 5 with each mitogen, whereas extracellular Ig levels kept rising until day 7, possibly owing to accumulation of secreted Ig. Measurements of the numbers of ISC and of secreted Ig levels in simultaneous cultures of lymphocytes from the same donors showed no correlation; however, co-stimulation of cultures with PWM and concanavalin A (to stimulate suppressor cells) depressed both Ig levels and ISC numbers. These results suggest heterogeneity in the plaque-forming cell population with respect to rate of Ig secretion, but indicate that these two techniques both reflect B-cell activation. They should not, however, be considered interchangeable, and the two probably should be used in conjunction for complete characterization of B-cell activation.

Antibody-Producing Cells↗
PubMed1980

Quantitative studies of Gm allotypes. V. Simultaneous presence of latent Gm allotypes and deficient Gm genes in a family with hypogammaglobulinaemic probands.

A study of Gm allotypes in a Caucasoid family with hypogammaglobulinaemic probands, showed qualitative (unexpected or lacking Gm allotypes) and quantitative (increased or decreased Gm contents) abnormalities in many relatives. Part of these observations can be most probably accounted for by inheritance of a GM1,17; 5,28 haplotype, not described in Caucasians yet, and by an in vivo expression of latent Gm genes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Induction and suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis in cultures of human lymphocytes: effects of pokeweed mitogen and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I.

The synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulins by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in cultures stimulated with pokeweed mitogen or Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I were evaluated by enumeration of cells containing cytoplasmic immunoglobulins and cells actively secreting immunoglobulins, and by quantitation of immunoglobulins released into culture supernatants. The two mitogens caused comparable stimulation of immunoglobulin production; however, in contrast to pokeweed mitogen, S. aureus was active in cultures depleted of T lymphocytes, and its stimulatory effects were resistant to the influence of suppressor T cells generated by co-stimulation with concanavalin A or by preincubation without mitogenic stimulus. These results indicate distinct pathways of induction and suppression of immunoglobulin synthesis for these two polyclonal B cell activators, and suggest that stimulation by S. aureus is less thymus dependent than that induced by pokeweed mitogen.

Aging↗