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H Hidalgo

Publications and source records attributed to H Hidalgo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma in Lima, Peru.

We examined 254 gastric carcinomas (GCs) diagnosed in four hospitals in Lima, Peru, and its suburban area during the period between 1994-2001. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) was identified by the in situ hybridization (ISH) technique to detect EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) in gastric tissue. EBVaGCs, where EBER ISH staining was observed in all carcinoma cells, accounted for 3.9% (10/254) of gastric adenocarcinomas, the lowest frequency ever reported in Latin American countries. EBVaGC incidence rates in Peru, which we estimated on the basis of the present study and cancer incidence in Lima, were 0.8 per 100,000 among men and 0.5 per 100,000 among women. These estimates are much lower than those reported in our previous studies in Colombia (4.1 and 1.4 per 100,000 among men and women, respectively), a neighboring country, and in Japan (6.4 and 1.1 per 100,000 among men among women, respectively). Interestingly, EBVaGC in Peru showed no evident male predominance, as opposed to the findings reported in a majority of studies. Other clinicopathological features of EBVaGC in Peru were similar to those found in literature: EBVaGC showed no age dependence, a predominance in the non-antrum part of the stomach, and high frequencies in histological subtypes of moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma and solid poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. There was a case of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma showing a partial EBER-1-positive staining. In this carcinoma, the tumor in the body (middle third of the stomach) was EBER-1 positive but the tumor in the stomach antrum showed no noticeable EBER-1 ISH staining. We suspect this was a case of synchronous double carcinomas. Further studies are needed to identify the cause of the low frequency and lack of male predominance of EBVaGC in Peru.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Post-immunization pneumococcal antibody titers and IgG subclasses.

IgG antibodies against pneumococcal polysaccharides are found predominantly within IgG subclass 2. We wished to evaluate retrospectively IgG subclasses and post-immunization pneumococcal antibody titers in children with recurrent respiratory infections. We examined total immunoglobulin levels and IgG subclasses, as well as pneumococcal antibody titers against serotypes 3, 7F, 9N, and 14 present 4-6 weeks after pneumococcal immunization in 56 children 2-18 years old. Titers > 200 ng Ab N/ml to any of the 4 serotypes tested were arbitrarily considered protective. Four patients did not have protective antibody levels against any of the 4 serotypes tested following vaccination. Of those, 3 had normal IgG subclass levels and 1 had an IgG2 subclass deficiency. Of 3 additional patients with IgG2 deficiency, 2 had protective antibody levels to only 1 serotype and 1 had protective antibody levels to 2 serotypes. Furthermore, in 2 patients with undetectable IgG2 at the time of immunization, the response was only transient. We conclude that patients with IgG2 deficiency may not develop protective antibody levels to all pneumococcal serotypes and that some may have deficient memory for IgG anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Preimmunization and postimmunization pneumococcal antibody titers in children with recurrent infections.

BACKGROUND: Patients with recurrent infections and normal IgG levels may have an abnormal response to pneumococcal polysaccharides. The ability to develop antibodies against different pneumococcal polysaccharides develops gradually in the first years of life, but the sequence of development and the influence of preexisting antibody titers has not been defined. METHODS: Preimmunization and postimmunization IgG antibody titers against pneumococcal serotypes 3, 7F, 9N, and 14 were evaluated in a population of 100 1- to 18-year-old children referred to a pediatric allergy-immunology clinic because of recurrent respiratory infections. None of the patients had a known immunodeficiency syndrome; all had normal total IgG levels. Postimmunization antibody levels were obtained 4 to 6 weeks after immunization. Patients less than/=5 years of age who failed to develop antibody levels above 200 ng Ab N/mL against any serotype and older patients who failed to develop these levels against a second serotype in addition to serotype 3 were considered for IgG replacement therapy. RESULTS: Prior to immunization, 50% of 51 patients did not have protective antibody levels against any of the serotypes tested. Immunization induced a high response to serotype 3 in all age groups, but responses to serotypes 7F and 14 increased with age. Five of 78 patients (6.4%) failed to develop protective antibody levels against any serotype tested. Three of these patients had clinical criteria that justified the use of IgG replacement therapy; all improved. Three patients were re-immunized 1 to 2 years after the first immunization and all developed protective levels of antibodies against serotype 3 after the second immunization. CONCLUSION: We conclude that, although measurement of antibody levels against pneumococcal serotype 3 allows a good differentiation of patients who are able to develop anti-polysaccharide antibodies from those who are not, further studies of the development of specific antibodies against other vaccine serotypes in normal populations of different ages are needed to define a normal response to pneumococcal polysaccharides.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Comparison of oral cefuroxime axetil and oral amoxycillin/clavulanate in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia.

Cefuroxime axetil has been evaluated previously in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, but not specifically in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. In a multicentre, investigator-blinded clinical trial, 162 patients with community-acquired pneumonia were randomly assigned to receive orally either cefuroxime axetil 500 mg bid (n = 84) or amoxycillin/clavulanate 500 mg/125 mg tid (n = 78) for 10 days. Organisms were isolated from the pretreatment sputum specimens of 97 of 162 (60%) patients, the commonest isolates being Streptococcus pneumoniae (38%) and Haemophilus influenzae (18%). A satisfactory clinical outcome (cure or improvement) was achieved in 100% (55 of 55) and 96% (49 of 51) of the clinically evaluable patients treated with cefuroxime axetil or amoxycillin/clavulanate, respectively (P = 0.23). With respect to eradication of bacterial pathogens, a satisfactory outcome (cure, presumed cure or cure with colonization) was obtained in 94% (32 of 34) and 93% (37 of 40) of bacteriologically evaluable patients treated with cefuroxime axetil or amoxycillin/clavulanate, respectively (P = 1.00). Both treatment regimens used in this study were well tolerated. The most common drug-related adverse experiences were gastrointestinal events, reported by 8% and 4%, respectively, of the patients in the amoxycillin/clavulanate and cefuroxime axetil groups, a difference which was not statistically significant (P = 0.32). These results indicate that cefuroxime axetil twice a day is as effective as amoxycillin/clavulanate three times a day in the treatment of outpatients with mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

[immunization and immune response to pneumococcal vaccination].

The aim of this work was to define antibody levels against four neumococcal serotypes, before and after neumococcal vaccination in patients with respiratory infections. Fifty one patients were studied, 19 children from 1 to 5 years old; children from 6 to 18 years old and 22 adults from 27 to 65 years old. IgG anti-neumococcal, antibodies, against weeks after vaccination. There was a significant increase in antibody titers against all serotypes in subjects older 7 years. In children of less than 6 years, the response to serotype 14 was non significant. The intensity of response differed according to the studied serotype and the percentage of patients that responded to each serotype increased with age. Five patients older than 18 years were identified as non responders to all four serotypes. It is concluded that neumococcal vaccine increases anti-neumococcal antibodies in patients with recurrent infections and allows the identification of patients with specific antibody deficiency syndromes and normal total immunoglobulin levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Screening for antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus: specificity of the haemagglutination inhibition test.

A screening of antibodies against strain M-41 and the Dutch variant strains D-274 and D-1466 of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) using the haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) was carried out in Chile. The presence of these variant strains has not been reported yet and therefore the probability of finding positive flocks is low. On this basis some statistical analysis were made with those data obtained in order to contribute to the problem of the specificity of the HI test for IBV diagnosis. All sera were distributed in different categories of possible results against each strain according with the HI titre obtained and employing different discrimination levels for a positive or negative status against IBV. It was concluded that discrimination levels varying from 4.0 to 5.0 log2 are useful for establishing the presence or absence of antibodies against IBV but if a serotype specific diagnosis is needed, then the discrimination level should be elevated, specially when secondary immune responses are measured.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The problem of benign pulmonary nodules in children receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Chest computed tomography (CT) is often used to detect and monitor pulmonary nodules in children undergoing chemotherapy for underlying sarcoma. Three children underwent resection of nodules which persisted during chemotherapy. In two children, all resected nodules were benign; in the other, a mixture of benign and malignant nodules was found. Our findings suggest that nodular scar formation after successful eradication by chemotherapeutic agents may be a mechanism for the persistence of pulmonary nodules. It should not be assumed that persistence of pulmonary nodules on CT after appropriate chemotherapy indicates inadequate response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomography of pleural disease.

The computed tomography (CT) scans of 65 cases with histologic and clinical evidence of pleural disease were reviewed. The studies were analyzed according to the following CT features of the lesions: attenuation coefficient, contour, angle of interface with the adjacent pleura, and relationship to the adjacent lung, bone, and extrapleural tissues. The CT feature most helpful in detecting pleural involvement was the angle formed by the interface of the lesion with the adjacent pleura. An obtuse or tapering angle was seen in lesions involving the pleura. The other CT features are useful in identifying the site of origin and the specific nature of a lesion.

Humans↗
PubMed1982

CT demonstration of subcutaneous venous collaterals.

Subcutaneous collateral veins were identified by computed tomography (CT) in 12 patients. These were seen as enhancing round or tubular structures surrounded by subcutaneous fat, and most were associated with occlusion of a major vein in the abdomen or thorax. The CT appearance of deep vein occlusions included an intraluminal thrombus with an enhancing rim, a mass replacing the nonvisualized vein and distortion of the vein by an adjacent mass. The subcutaneous fat was examined on the CT scans of 50 patients not suspected of having deep venous occlusions. The appearance of normal subcutaneous structures and the differential diagnosis are discussed.

Collateral Circulation↗
PubMed1982

Parapelvic cysts: appearance on CT and sonography.

The computed tomographic (CT) and sonographic appearance of 16 patients with parapelvic cysts were retrospectively reviewed. CT revealed a water-density renal hilar mass that did not fill with contrast material after intravenous injection. Sonography demonstrated a cystic renal hilar mass with echogenic walls that did not communicate with the collecting system. The differential diagnosis of renal hilar masses as seen by CT and sonography is discussed.

Adult↗