Malignant solitary fibrous tumour of the peritoneum.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
H Higashiiwai
Publications and source records attributed to H Higashiiwai.
MR findings of ovarian tumours with cystic components.
This article depicts the MR findings of ovarian tumours with cystic components. MRI can predict the cyst contents and evaluate the potential for malignancy when an irregular solid portion or a papillary nodule is observed within the cystic tumour. Post-contrast T1 weighted MRI is helpful for the identification of solid areas that enhance. Fat suppression imaging is useful for differentiation between mature cystic teratoma and other pathology. Fat suppressed post-contrast T1 weighted MRI may demonstrate contrast enhancement, reflecting inflammatory or neoplastic processes in the pelvis.
Contrast Media↗
MR appearance of ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
Serum retinol level and risk of subsequent cervical cancer in cases with cervical dysplasia.
We followed up on 134 women who had been diagnosed with cervical dysplasia to examine the relationship of dietary and serum vitamin A to subsequent cervical cancer. The subjects were women attending the Papanicolaou test screening for residents in Miyagi, Japan and histologically diagnosed as having cervical dysplasia between October 1987 and September 1988. Personal interviews were carried out, and blood samples were taken on the date of diagnosis of cervical dysplasia. The subjects were followed-up with cervical smear and colposcopy at about 3-month intervals from the date of interview until the end of February 1995. During the follow-up, 8 women (5.9%) developed cancer in situ or invasive cervical cancer and 106 (79.1%) reverted to normal. The rate of progression of the cancer in situ or invasive cervical cancer was 4.5 times higher in women with lower serum retinol levels than those with higher serum retinol levels (p = 0.08). The results suggest an association of low serum retinol level with development of cervical cancer.
Adolescent↗
Decreased serum retinol levels in women with cervical dysplasia.
To examine the relationship of dietary and serum vitamin A to the risk of cervical dysplasia, a case-control study was conducted in Miyagi, Japan. Cases were 137 women who were found by Papanicolaou test screening and histological examination provided by Miyagi Cancer Society between October 1987 and September 1988 to have cervical dysplasia. Controls were selected from participants of the general health examination provided by the Society and individually matched to cases on age and screening date. The consumption of retinol or carotene-rich foods during the past 7 days was assessed at interview. Information was also collected about other risk factors of cervical dysplasia, such as reproductive histories and sexual behaviour. The mean serum retinol levels were significantly lower among cases compared with controls, although dietary intake levels of retinol and carotene were not different between the two groups. When examined by tertile, the risk of cervical dysplasia was significantly higher among women in the highest tertile of dietary vitamin A level. An inverse association was observed between serum retinol level and risk of cervical dysplasia, although it did not achieve statistical significance.
Adolescent↗
[A histopathological study on the biological behavior of carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix].
Fifty-two cases of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the uterine cervix were examined histopathologically and compared with seventeen cases of microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix (restricted to the general rules for clinical and pathological management of uterine cervical cancer of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology) in order to investigate the influence of the patient's age on the intraepithelial extension of CIS. The results were summarized as follows. 1. There was a positive correlation between circular spread and longitudinal spread of the lesion in CIS cases. 2. There was a positive correlation between circular spread and the depth of gland involvement of the lesion in CIS cases. 3. Circular spread of the lesion in microinvasive carcinoma cases was significantly more extensive than that in CIS cases. 4. Circular spread of the lesion in microinvasive carcinoma at menopause was significantly more extensive than that in microinvasive carcinoma at sexual maturity. These results suggest that CIS has intraepithelial extensibility, and that in CIS at sexual maturity there is a higher risk of invading stroma when circular spread of the lesion becomes greater than one fourth of the whole circle in the cervix, whereas CIS at menopause is more likely to invade the stroma when the circular spread of the lesion becomes greater than half of the whole circle in the cervix. In this respect we can find the influence of the patient's age on the biological behavior of CIS of the uterine cervix.
Adult↗
[A histopathological study on intraepithelial extensivity of carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix in the period of sexual maturity].
To investigate intraepithelial extension of CIS, thirty-two cases of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the uterine cervix in the period of sexual maturity were examined histopathologically and compared with ten cases of microinvasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix (restricted to Japanese criteria). The results were summarized as follows. 1) A positive correlation was found between the circular spreads and longitudinal ones in the lesion in CIS cases. 2) A positive correlation was found between circular spread and the depth of gland involvement in the lesion in CIS cases. 3) Circular spread of the lesion in microinvasive carcinoma cases was significantly more extended than that in CIS cases. These results suggest that CIS in the period of sexual maturity is intraepithelially extensive and that there is a high risk possibility of invading stroma when circular spread of the CIS lesion is greater than one fourth of the whole circle of the uterine cervix.
Adult↗
Observer variability in endometrial cytology using kappa statistics.
AIMS: To analyse the current state of endometrial cytology practice by determining the interobserver variability in grading the atypicality of endometrial cells using kappa statistics. METHODS: A series of 70 clusters of benign, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial cells on cytology specimens were examined by 19 experienced Japanese cytopathologists. They assigned each cluster to one of three diagnostic categories according to increasing cellular atypicality: negative for, suspicious of, and positive for malignancy. Each observer used their subjective judgement in grading without receiving any discriminatory criteria. RESULTS: Most classified the series of 70 clusters of endometrial cells into 33 negative, 20 suspicious, and 17 positive grades. However, observer variation was considerable, kappa statistics showing unfavourable overall agreement (kappa = 0.36). Although there was good agreement on negative and positive (kappa = 0.46 and 0.47, respectively), poor reproducibility occurred in grading suspicious ((kappa = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Currently, Japanese cytopathologists are not reliable in grading the atypicality of endometrial cells. This could be attributed mainly to the situation in endometrial cytology practice in which there are no generally accepted criteria for defining cells in which malignancy is suspected.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Method for the quantitative evaluation of the distribution pattern of nuclei in normal and malignant endometrial epithelia.
A quantitative method of evaluating the pattern of distribution of nuclei within a cell cluster was developed and applied to endometrial cytology. The distribution pattern (DP) is mathematically expressed using a "DP index," which can be determined as a product of the square root of the nuclear density, square root of n0, and the mean distance between the two nearest nuclei, r. The DP index has a limited range of decreasing values from 1.074 to 0.5 to 0, indicative of regular, random and aggregated patterns of nuclear distribution, respectively. The estimated DP index was 0.831 +/- 0.031 (mean +/- standard deviation) in the clusters of normal endometrial epithelial cells from 16 nonneoplastic cases, but 0.638 +/- 0.041 in malignant epithelia from 19 cases of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The index of normal epithelia was close to 0.877 of the regular hexagonal distribution pattern. Contrary to this, the DP index was significantly smaller in well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (P less than .001), approaching 0.5, the theoretical value of a random distribution pattern. These findings suggest that quantitative analysis of the distribution pattern of nuclei can be a useful aid in the cytodiagnosis of endometrial lesions.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction by leukocytes in the cervix of pregnant women.
We examined nitroblue tetrazolium reduction activity in leukocytes from cervical mucus as well as peripheral blood from pregnant and nonpregnant women by histochemical methods. More than 90% of the cells examined were polymorphonuclear cells. Nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in polymorphonuclear cells from peripheral venous blood was significantly enhanced in pregnant women compared with that in nonpregnant women. However, there was no difference in activity between pregnancy periods. On the other hand, nitroblue tetrazolium reduction in cervical polymorphonuclear cells excluding women with cervicitis was also greater in pregnant women than in nonpregnant women. Moreover, activity in cervical polymorphonuclear cells gradually increased as pregnancy progressed. This enhanced activity in polymorphonuclear cells may be involved not only in the defense mechanism but also in cervical ripening in pregnancy.
Cervix Mucus↗
Quantitative NBT reduction test with or without stimulation of peripheral polymorphonuclear cells from pregnant women.
We performed the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test to investigate the function of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) from prenatal, intrapartal, postpartal and nonpregnant women with or without stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate (PMN). The capacity for NBT reduction of PMN was significantly increased in pregnancy, followed by a further increases during labor without any stimulation. On the other hand, when stimulated with PMA, there were no differences between pregnancy and labor in the reactivities of PMNs, although they were still significantly higher than those of nonpregnant women. Kallikrein increased the activity of PMN in an in vitro study, suggesting that it may be associated with the change in PMN function in labor.
Dinoprost↗
[A study on the ability of leukocytes in the cervical mucus of pregnant women to produce superoxide anions using the histochemical nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test].
We performed the histochemical nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction test for leukocytes in cervical mucus and peripheral blood in women in pregnancy to investigate the leukocyte functions in the uterine cervix during pregnancy. The results were as follows. (1) With regard to leukocytes in cervical mucus, the proportion of NBT positive leukocytes was significantly highest in women in the third trimester and was higher in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women. (2) With regard to leukocytes in peripheral blood, the ability of leukocytes to reduce NBT in pregnant women was significantly greater than that of leukocytes in non-pregnant women. These results suggest that the bactericidal activity of leukocytes in cervical mucus during pregnancy is probably more accelerated than that of leukocytes during non-pregnancy.
Cell Survival↗
[Quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium reduction test of peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes in women in pregnancy and labor].
We performed the quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test for normal peripheral blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to investigate the functions of PMNs during pregnancy and labor. The results were as follows. With regard to the spontaneous NBT test, the ability of PMNs to reduce NBT in pregnant and parturient women was significantly greater than to reduce NBT in non-pregnant women. The greatest ability was observed in PMNs in parturient women. With regard to the PMA-stimulated NBT test, the ability of PMNs to reduce NBT in pregnant and parturient women was significantly greater than to reduce NBT in non-pregnant women. Stimulation of NBT reduction was observed when PMNs were exposed to kallikrein. These results suggest that PMNs are so much affected by pregnancy that their functions are accelerated in pregnancy and labor, and that PMNs may have favorable effects on pregnancy and labor not only in the aspect of defense mechanisms but also in the aspect of the ripening of the uterine cervix, and that PMNs may be affected by kallikrein during labor.
Female↗
Immunohistochemical and electron microscopic demonstration of human papillomavirus in dysplasia of the uterine cervix.
Twenty-five cases of dysplasia of the uterine cervix were studied for the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) by means of immunohistochemical and electron microscopic techniques. Serial sections of the same histological specimen were examined in each case. HPV was detected in 14 cases by both immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy, while 10 cases were negative with both methods. In only one case, there was a discrepancy in the results derived from these two methods. It was concluded that the relation between HPV infection and cervical dysplasia was confirmed and that immunohistochemical and electron microscopic methods led almost to the same result in detecting HPV in cervical dysplasia.
Female↗
[Previous cytology in patients with carcinoma of the cervix].
The cytologic history of 317 patients with uterine cancer, in a mass survey using mobile units, was reviewed. They included 152 cases of carcinoma in situ of the cervix, 151 cases of invasive epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix, 11 cases of adenocarcinoma of the cervix, one case of verrucous squamous cell carcinoma and 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the endometrium. There was no history of cytology in 17.1% of CIS or in 29.8% of invasive epidermoid carcinoma in the preceding 3 years (same order in the following); in the preceding 5 years the figures were 24.3% and 23.6% respectively. Suspicious or positive cytology noted more than once were 22.2% and 21.7% in the preceding 3 years, and 24.3% and 23.6% of the cases in the preceding 5 years. At least 2 negative Papanicolaou smears were 19.1% and 20.5% in the preceding 3 years, and 28.3% and 28.5% of the cases in the preceding 5 years. The yearly rate of suspicious and/or positive cytology in the preceding 5 years fluctuated between 13.5% and 30.4% in CIS, and between 9.1% and 23.0% in invasive epidermoid carcinoma. They showed no significant rise or trend. Verrucous squamous cell carcinoma as well as adenocarcinoma of the cervix and of the endometrium not infrequently showed successive negative cytology.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Immunoperoxidase demonstration of papillomavirus antigen in dysplasia of the uterine cervix].
Recently, it has been widely recognized that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays an important role in the etiology of carcinoma of the cervix. Paraffin sections of cervical malignancies and premalignancies were screened for the presence of papillomavirus antigen by means of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. No case of invasive carcinoma, carcinoma in situ or normal cervix revealed positive HPV staining. In 81 cases (18%) of 461 cervical dysplasias, positive reaction for HPV was detected as brown intranuclear precipitates. The mean age of the women with HPV was significantly lower than that of women without HPV. Characteristic findings of histology of the dysplasias with HPV were koilocytosis and binucleation.
Adenocarcinoma↗
[Studies on the prevalence and incidence rate of epithelial neoplasia of the uterine cervix by mass survey using mobile units].
In this paper, we analyzed the results obtained in a mass survey using mobile units. The survey covered 276,846 women of whrom 78,018 (24.6%) were women who were being screened for the first time and the other 208,828 had been screened previously. 1) The total detection rate was 0.04% for invasive cancer, 0.03% for carcinoma in situ and 0.06% for severe dysplasia of the uterine cervix. The prevalence rate for 1,000 women was calculated as 0.40, 0.30 and 0.63 respectively. 2) The detection rate for invasive cancer, carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia was 0.08%, 0.07% and 0.08% respectively for women who were being screened for the first time and 0.03%, 0.02% and 0.06% respectively for repeats. Through the latter results, the incidence rate for 100,000 women was calculated as 30 for invasive cancer, 20 for carcinoma in situ and 60 for severe dysplasia. 3) The detection rate for invasive cancer and severe dysplasia increased abruptly above 60 years and that for carcinoma in situ at 65 years old and over. 4) The detection rate for invasive cancer, carcinoma in situ and severe dysplasia in previously screened women showed little fluctuation by age group.
Adult↗
Therapy for cervical cancer detected by mass screening.
Over a 19 year period since 1962, 972 cases of cervical cancer have been detected by mass screening in Miyagi Prefecture, a detection rate of 0.11%. Among these cases, 551 (56.7%) were cases of carcinoma in situ. In contrast, cervical cancers detected by means of private screening gave a detection rate of 0.39% (889 cases), among which there were 611 cases of invasive carcinoma (68.7%). Among the 421 cases of invasive carcinoma detected by mass screening, 352 were Stage I, 52 were Stage II, 14 were Stage III and 1 was Stage IV. Moreover, 178 of the 352 Stage I cases were Stage Ia. The 5 year survival rate for the cervical cancer patients detected by mass screening was 97.8% for Stage 0, 92.9% for Stage I, 75% for Stage II, 45.5% for Stage III and 0% for Stage IV. The 5-year survival rate for invasive carcinoma was 88.7%. Twenty-five deaths due to recurrence of the cancer were found, but all such cases were invasive carcinomas. There were no mortalities due to recurrence of carcinoma in situ among such cases detected by mass screening.
Carcinoma↗