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Biomedical subjects

H Hofmann

Publications and source records attributed to H Hofmann.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Diagnostic and epidemiological features of a coxsackie virus epidemic in newborn infants (author's transl)].

This report deals with a hospital outbreak of Coxsackie virus infections in a neonatal ward. Most infections were mild, but one boy died from severe toxicosis. Six children had an abnormal ECG. Virus was isolated from 3 children, including the fatal case. One virus was Coxsackie B5, the two others Coxsackie A9. A rise in titre in the neutralisation test with respect to Coxsackie B5 virus was found in the sera of 13 patients and to Coxsackie A9 virus in a further two cases. Four cases were diagnosed using a Coxsackie B mix antigen and 10 by means of a picorna mix antigen in the CFT. Thus the picorna mix antigen proved to be very useful in the diagnosis of Coxsackie infection in newborn infants. Coxsackie viruses were also isolated from the faeces of ward personnel and serological evidence of recent infection was found by means of the CFT. The epidemiological implications of these findings are discussed.

Complement Fixation Tests↗
PubMed1979

[Evaluation of disorders in spermatogenesis and male infertility as based on the study of spermatological results].

Spermatozoa count, motility, and morphology as semen volumen and fructose are the main spermatological parameters in the assessment of male fertility disturbances. The spermatological findings should be referred to the pattern of spermatozoa transport through the cervical mucus. More extended morphological analyses are necessary in the evaluation of the disturbances of spermatogenesis. The spermatological findings may reflect the clinico-pathological syndromes of the disorders of the germinal epithelium.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1979

Immunoglobulins to tick-borne encephalitis in the cerebrospinal fluid of man.

Antibodies of IgM and IgG type were detected in the CSF of patients with recent tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) by means of ELISA. No false-positive results were obtained with CSF specimens from patients suffering from meningitis or other illnesses. The ratio of the antibodies in serum to CSF clearly indicated that both IgM and IgG antibodies were produced in the brain itself. In patients who had previously suffered from TBE now with a different inaseptic meningitis, TBE antibodies could also be detected in CSF but only of the IgG class. Again the serum-to-CSF antibody ratio indicated that the antibodies were produced within the central nervous system. For routine diagnosis the micro-ELISA method was found to be useful; antigen-coated plates can be stored as long as three months at +4 degrees C.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Rapid diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis by means of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied for determining separately IgM and IgG antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus. A micro-modification in microtitre plates proved to be at least as sensitive as the HI test. However, more precise information could be achieved by a macrotest using antigen coated polystyrene balls. False positive results in IgM antibody determinations could be caused by a rheumatoid factor. A high content of IgM antibodies in a serum could impair the determination of its IgG antibodies but not vice versa. Titres were expressed in comparison to a positive control serum.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1979

Flow cytometry as a new method for the measurement of electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes using membrane charge staining by fluoresceinated polycations.

The binding of FITC-labeled poly-L-ornithine and poly-L-lysine to fresh or neuraminidase treated human, rat or rabbit erythrocytes was investigated by simultaneous cell volume and cell membrane fluorescence measurements in a flow cytometer. The cell volume was converted into cell surface and the distribution curve of the fluorescence/micrometer2 cell surface was calculated from all histogram classes by a computer program. The mean fluorescence/micrometer2 cell surface as a measure of the density of the negative charges on the cell surface was directly proportional to the elctrophoretic mobility of the erythrocytes, showing that polycation binding can effectively be used for the measurement of the electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes. The computer fitting of the experimental two parameter histograms by two dimensional Gaussian normal distributions was found to be a very efficient way of data reduction, and a good separation of overlapping cell clusters was possible even in the case of low total numbers of cells in the histogram.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Spin-lattice-relaxationtime-T1 measurements of hyaluronic acid (author's transl)].

Reductions with [3H5NaBH4 proof that the decrease in viscosity of hyaluronic acid solutions caused by lowering the pH does not depend on a depolymerisation of hyaluronic acid. At the same time investigations at different pH-values, show a sigmoide increase of the Spin-Lattice-Relaxationtime T1. This increase depends on a progressive aggregation of the hyaluronic acid molecule. The effect seems to be induced by the decrease of ionization of the carboxylgroups, by acidification of the solution.

Carbohydrate Conformation↗
PubMed1979

[Experience in therapy and prophylaxis of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (author's transl)].

101 patients with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis were treated with different eye drops: cortisone, antibiotics and P.V.P.-Iodine. The treatment of 19 patients with P.V.P.-Iodine showed that inflammatory symptoms disappeared rapidly; corneal complications however such as superficial keratitis could not be prevented. After the outbreak of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, severe hygienic measures had been taken at the eye-clinic. On account of the hygienic prophylactic measures further infections could be prevented at the clinic almost completely.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1979

[Electroophthalmologic studies of papillitis, vascular papilledema and obstructed papilla].

The photopic electroretinogram (ERG) and the brightness visually evoked cortical potentials (HEPs) were recorded from patients with oedema of the optic disc caused by papillitis (7 patients), by vascular disease (10 patients) and by intracranial hypertension. For the ERG a Henkes-electrode in reference to an earlobe electrode was used. The H-EPs were recorded bipolar in the midline 5% to 25% and unipolar 15% in reference to an earlobe electrode (inion to nasion = 100%). For evaluation the amplitudes and the peaktimes of the a- and b-wave of the ERG were measured. In the H-EPs the amplitudes and the peaktimes of a negatives peak at approximately 70 ms (NGZ) and a positive peak at approximately 120 ms (PGZ) were obtained from the bipolar recording and a positive peak at approximately 100 ms (PGZ) and a negative peak at approximately 140 ms (NGZ) obtained from the unipolar recording were measured. The photopic ERGs of the affected eye showed normal values, however the H-EPs were distinctly pahtological. With the exception of the negative peaktime (NGZ) of the bipolar leads of the intracranial hypertensive papiloedema, all peaktimes were lengthened and amplitudes decreased. These findings were especially evident in the bipolar tracings of papillitis and unipolar tracings of intracranial hypertension.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1979

[Incorporation of radioactively labelled phosphoglycerides into the retina after subcutaneous application (author's transl)].

Radioactively labelled phosphoglycerides were given subcutaneously to rabbits and the incorporation of these substances into the retina and other organs has been studied. In a first examination the phospholipids were labelled with 3H-oleic acid, in a second examination we used 32P for labelling. We could show, that both the fatty acids and the polar head group of the phosphoglycerides were incorporated into the retina lipids. The specific radioactivity of the retina phosphoglycerides was always higher than that of lipids extracted from other organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Live influenza vaccination of military personnel (author's transl)].

A field study was performed on 118 members of army personnel with the intranasally-applied live influenza vaccine, RIT 4050. 91 subjects were revaccinated 7 days thereafter. The immune response was best in subjects with a low prevaccination titre and was better in subjects vaccinated twice than only once. An immune response was also detected in the nasal secretion measuring the secretory IgA antibodies. Live influenza vaccine can be regarded as a suitable alternative to other influenza vaccines, with the qualification that it lacks an influenza B component.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Protection of mice against tick-borne encephalitis by different classes of immunoglobulins.

The protective capacities of IgM and IgG immunoglobulins from fractionated human or mouse sera were investigated in tests with tick-borne encephalitis virus. Mice were resistant to challenge with tick-borne encephalitis virus if previously inoculated with specific immunoglobulins but not nonspecific immunoglobulins. The protective ability of IgM, whether derived from mouse or human sera, was only about 1/40 of that of IgG preparations adjusted to the same haemagglutination inhibition or neutralising titres.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[A new influenza subunit vaccine: hemagglutinating antibodies one year after vaccination (author's transl)].

The antibody response to a new influenza subunit vaccine was compare d one year after vaccination with the responses induced by two other influenza vaccines. The subunit vaccine was given either in a high dose form containing 2100 IU, or in a low dose form containing 700 IU. As comparison a split vaccine was used containing 800 IU and AI(OH)3 as adjuvant and a whole virus vaccine containing 2100 IU. Of the 399 vaccinated subjects which had taken part in this study 151 were available for hemagglutination inhibiting (HAI) antibody determinations one year after vaccination. Protection rates assessed for the respective groups on the assumption that serum HAI titers of 1 : 32 or greater confer protection. With the high dose of subunit vaccine 85% of volunteers were considered still to have protective titers one year after vaccination, compared with 77% of those who received the whole virus vaccine. Although the high dose subunit vaccine and whole virus vaccine induced similarly high protective levels lasting at least one year, the reactions observed on vaccination were significantly less with the subunit preparation. The lower dose of subunit vaccine induced lower levels of protection (60%) after one year, and lower mean HAI titers than the high dose subunit vaccine. Nevertheless protection was superior to that of the split virus adjuvant vaccine. The addition of adjuvant thus does not seem materially to improve the immune response to influenza virus antigens. An increase of antigen content can however be seen as a practical alternative for achieving higher antibody levels. The subunit vaccine would appear to be particularly suitable in this respect as even with a higher dose there is no increase in reactogenicity.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1978

[The different effects of fe(II)- and fe(III)-ions on the hyaluronic acid of the vitreous body (author's transl)].

Fe(II)-ions reduce the viscosity of a hyaluronic acid solution but do not form a precipitate. Fe(III)-ions only slightly lower the viscosity of hyaluronic acid solutions but cause a brown, water-insoluble iron-hyaluronic acid precipitate. After adding ascorbic acid--concentrate the pH-value as in vitreous body--to the reaction solution, Fe(III)-ions reduce the viscosity too. The iron-hyalurnic acid complex is also destroyed by ascorbate. Therefore, the ascorbate of the vitreous humor plays an important role in the generation of siderosis bulbi.

Animals↗