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Biomedical subjects

H J Bilo

Publications and source records attributed to H J Bilo.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The effect of a high protein intake on renal function of patients with chronic renal insufficiency.

In 30 patients with chronic renal disease, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured after 4 weeks of protein restriction and subsequently after adhering to a high protein intake for the same period. Twenty-four patients adhered to their advised diets according to the 24-hour urea excretion. These 24 patients showed a significant increase in GFR, ERPF and proteinuria (n = 15) during a high protein intake, even if their renal function was markedly impaired. It is concluded that although in patients with markedly impaired renal function a meat meal or an infusion of amino acids does not change renal function anymore, prolonged high protein intake is accompanied by an increase in GFR, poorly dependent on GFR after prolonged protein restriction.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effect of fish oil on lipid profile and viscosity of erythrocyte suspensions in CAPD patients.

In this study we investigated the effects of a daily supplementation of 6 g Super-EPA containing 3 g of the marine fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C 20:5 omega-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C 22:6 omega-3) for a period of 8 weeks in nine patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The concentrations of both HDL2 cholesterol and total HDL cholesterol increased (P less than 0.05) and there was a marked reduction in triglycerides (P less than 0.05). The viscosity of erythrocyte suspensions at a haematocrit of 0.80 decreased at most shear rates, suggesting an increased erythrocyte deformability. Mean corpuscular volume decreased (P less than 0.05) and total cholesterol and phospholipids in the erythrocyte membrane increased. We conclude that the daily use of 3 g of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by CAPD patients produces favourable effects on lipid profile and viscosity of erythrocyte suspensions, which may be of importance in protecting these patients against a further progression of atherosclerosis.

Blood Viscosity↗
PubMed1987

Absorption kinetics and action profiles of intermediate acting human insulins.

The effects of the currently available intermediate acting human insulins on plasma insulin levels and action profiles, assessed by the euglycaemic clamp technique for a period of 8 hr following the administration, were studied in 8 healthy volunteers. The amount of insulin administered was 0.33 IU/kg body wt., using the NPH-insulins Humulin NPH, Insulatard Human, and Protaphane HM and the zinc insulins Monotard-HM and Humulin Zinc. After administration of NPH-insulins an earlier rise of plasma insulin levels was observed, reaching a plateau after about 3 hr, whereas after injection of zinc insulins the plasma insulin levels only gradually increased during at least the first 5-6 hr after administration. Glucose requirements followed a more or less similar pattern, although within the NPH-insulins Protaphane-HM lagged slightly behind during the first 2 hr when compared to Humulin NPH. We conclude therefore, that human NPH-insulins show a faster action profile as compared to human zinc insulins. This difference should be taken into account when switching over from one insulin to another.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Sequential infusions of glucose and insulin at prefixed rates: a simple method for assessing insulin sensitivity and insulin responsiveness.

In a previous study a close correlation was demonstrated between metabolic clearance rates of glucose (MCR) at an insulin infusion rate of 50 mU X kg-1 hr-1 when assessed with the isoglycaemic clamp technique and the simple, concomitant infusion of insulin and glucose at a fixed rate. To determine insulin sensitivity and insulin responsiveness it is necessary to construct insulin dose response curves by measuring insulin stimulated glucose disposal at various insulin levels. The aim of the present study was to validate a simple method for constructing insulin dose response curves in 8 healthy volunteers and 12 patients with varying degrees of glucose tolerance. Insulin mediated glucose disposal, expressed as MCR, was assessed during the steady states of sequential, concomitant infusions of insulin at 50, 150 and 500 mU X kg-1 hr-1 and glucose at 33, 44 and 55 mumol X kg-1 min-1 for 150, 120 and 120 min, respectively. The results were compared with the isoglycaemic clamp technique at the same sequential insulin infusion rates for 2 hr each. A close correlation was found between the assessments of the metabolic clearance rates of glucose with either test: tau = 0.80, tau = 0.80 and tau = 0.81 at 50, 150 and 500 mU X kg-1 hr-1, respectively. The mean (+/- SEM) MCR's of glucose, assessed with sequential glucose-insulin infusions and isoglycaemic clamp technique at insulin infusion rates of 50, 150 and 500 mU X kg-1 hr-1 were in the normal subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of two commonly used insulin injection techniques.

In ten patients with insulin-dependent diabetes we compared postprandial blood glucose levels and plasma free insulin concentrations after the administration of insulin mixtures with two commonly used injection techniques. The morning dose of insulin was administered once using a 13 mm needle, inserted perpendicularly, and once with a 20 mm needle, inserted deep subcutaneously just above the muscle fascia at an angle dependent on the skinfold thickness. Plasma free insulin concentrations and postprandial blood glucose levels were virtually identical for either technique. We conclude, therefore, that the simpler perpendicular method is the technique of choice, saving the diabetics much unnecessary anxiety over a daily procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Absorption kinetics and action profiles of mixtures of short- and intermediate-acting insulins.

The effects of mixing short- and intermediate-acting insulins (lente and NPH) on plasma insulin levels and action profiles, assessed by the euglycaemic clamp technique, were studied in 10 volunteers. Four protocols were used: (1) comparison between two semi-synthetic human soluble insulins in seven subjects (0.22 IU/kg); (2) assessment of insulin levels and action profiles of lente insulin in six subjects and of NPH insulin in five subjects (0.33 IU/kg); (3) comparison between mixtures of soluble with lente insulin and soluble with NPH insulin, administered immediately after mixing, in eight subjects (0.55 IU/kg, 40% short-acting); (4) same mixtures, administered 2 days after preparation, in seven subjects. No differences in insulin levels and action profiles during the first 4 h after injection were found between both short-acting insulins and the soluble + NPH insulin mixtures. After the administration of NPH insulin, plasma insulin levels rose slightly faster in comparison with lente insulin, with no significant differences between the action profiles for either insulin. Onset of action was delayed after soluble + lente insulin, both when administered immediately after mixing and to a greater extent when stored for 2 days before administration. After the latter procedure, the onset of action was markedly retarded and only slightly faster than after lente insulin alone. We conclude, therefore, that mixing soluble with NPH insulin in a ratio of 2:3 does not affect the absorption kinetics of soluble insulin, whereas the onset of action is delayed when soluble is combined in the syringe with lente insulin, even when administered immediately after mixing.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1979

Ayptical lumbar spine injury from a two-point seatbelt.

A case of atypical lumbar spine injury of a 20-year-old man is described. Injury resulted from a car crash while the man was wearing a two-point safety belt. The characteristics of injuries caused by seatbelts are described. In previous cases displacement fractures were usually at the same level. The patient reported is unusual in that a longitudinal fracture of L3 and injury at two different levels occurred. Recovery was uneventful.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absorption kinetics and action profiles after sequential subcutaneous administration of human soluble and lente insulin through one needle.

The effects of sequential administration through one needle of human soluble and human lente insulin on plasma insulin levels and action profiles, assessed with glucose clamping, were studied in six healthy volunteers. Insulin kinetics after administration of human soluble insulin (0.22 IU/kg) alone were compared with those after sequential administration of 1) human soluble insulin followed by human lente insulin and 2) human lente insulin followed by human soluble insulin. Total insulin dose in both sequences was 0.55 IU/kg, 40% of which was short-acting insulin. Plasma insulin levels were not significantly different at any time point between 0 and 240 min after soluble insulin compared with either combination. Although insulin levels were slightly but significantly lower at 30 and 105 min after lente followed by soluble insulin compared with soluble followed by lente insulin, these differences probably reflect chance occurrences. Glucose requirements were not significantly different after either of the three administrations. We therefore conclude that the unwanted retarding effect after mixing of human soluble insulin with human lente insulin in the syringe on the onset of action of the soluble insulin can be prevented by sequential subcutaneous injection of these insulins with two syringes through one needle.

Absorption↗