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H J Kahn

Publications and source records attributed to H J Kahn.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Distribution and patterns of staining of Neu oncogene product in benign and malignant breast diseases.

Amplification of the Neu oncogene (c-erbB-2) has been reported by various researchers as a marker for poor clinical outcome in patients with breast cancer. We have performed immunohistochemical staining using a polyclonal antibody to the Neu oncoprotein on formalin-fixed material from normal breast, benign breast lesions, and 102 stage I node-negative breast cancers. Hybridization studies were also performed on 66 of the breast cancer cases. In the cancers 33% of cases showed positive staining of the in situ and invasive component, whereas only 25% of cases showed amplification of the Neu oncogene. The staining pattern in the tumor cells was cytoplasmic with plasma membrane accentuation. Focal positive cytoplasmic staining was noted in some cases of fibrocystic disease, fibroadenoma, and normal breast duct epithelium. Myoepithelial cells and smooth muscle of blood vessels also showed a positive reaction. This study shows that the Neu oncoprotein can be demonstrated on formalin-fixed material from normal, benign, and malignant breast lesions. In the breast cancers the differences in the number of cases showing amplification and those showing a positive immunohistochemical reaction could be due to increased transcriptional activity. It is possible that the node-negative patients whose tumors express the Neu oncogene may correspond to the group of patients who are expected to have a poor prognosis.

Adenofibroma↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibody MB2: a potential marker for Ewing's sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumor.

The small round-cell tumors of childhood present difficulties in diagnosis when differentiation is not apparent. Immunohistochemistry is helpful; however, the only antigen consistently detected in Ewing's sarcoma is vimentin, which may also be detected in the other types of small-cell neoplasms. The monoclonal antibody (MAb) MB2 is marketed as a B-lymphocyte marker that can be used on paraffin-embedded tissue. To determine its specificity, we performed immunohistochemical staining on pediatric tumors with MB2. These included 55 cases of small round-cell tumors (lymphomas, Ewing's sarcoma, peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors [PNET], neuroblastomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, and nephroblastomas). MB2 positivity was detected in all B-cell lymphomas and in seven of nine cases of Ewing's sarcoma and three PNET. In neuroblastomas only differentiating ganglion cells were positive. In rhabdomyosarcomas only large rhabdomyoblasts were positive. Blastema of nephroblastomas was negative. Thus, in cases of poorly differentiated small round-cell tumors, MB2 was positive in all B-cell lymphomas, most Ewing's sarcomas and all cases of PNET. Lymphomas were distinguished by staining for leukocyte-common antigen and PNET by neuron-specific enolase. Therefore, the addition of MB2 to a discrete panel of antibodies may prove useful in the diagnosis of Ewing's sarcoma and PNET.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibody to a human pancreatic carcinoma cell line recognizes gastrointestinal neoplasms.

A monoclonal antibody designated RWP1.1 was produced against a human pancreatic carcinoma cell line RWP1. This antibody was shown to recognize an epitope of carcinoembryonic antigen. The reactivity of the antibody was evaluated on formalin-fixed normal tissues, 86 malignant neoplasms, 10 colonic polyps, and 6 cases of chronic pancreatitis using the peroxidase anti-peroxidase technique. RWP1.1 did not react with normal tissues apart from weak staining of fetal pancreatic ducts. This antibody preferentially reacted with primary and metastatic adenocarcinomas of the colon, stomach, pancreas, and colonic polyps but not with most adenocarcinomas from other sites nor with other types of tumors or cases of chronic pancreatitis. It also reacted with colon adenocarcinomas on frozen sections. The restricted specificity of this antibody could be used in differentiating gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas from other types of tumors including adenocarcinomas from other sites and most pancreatic adenocarcinomas from chronic pancreatitis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Palisaded encapsulated neuroma: an immunohistochemical study.

Ten palisaded neuromas of the skin were studied immunohistochemically for the presence of S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, neurofilaments, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and positivity with the Leu-7 monoclonal antibody. In all cases, the fascicles of tumor cells were positive for S-100 protein and negative for epithelial membrane antigen; the tumor capsules were negative for the former in all cases but positive for the latter in seven of ten cases. In three lesions, epithelial membrane antigen-positive cells formed sheaths around fascicles of tumor cells. Axons were demonstrated by anti-neurofilament antibody in seven lesions. None of the lesions stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein. All of them showed positivity with the Leu-7 antibody, which stained both tumor spindle cells as well as membranous profiles consistent with myelin sheaths. These results indicate that the tumor is composed of cells of schwannian differentiation whereas the capsule and sheaths surrounding intratumoral fascicles are of perineurial origin. They also indicate the presence of axons, some of which are myelinated. Our findings support the concept of a close relationship between palisaded and traumatic neuroma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cystosarcoma phylloides of the breast and its mimics. An immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study.

Cystosarcoma phylloides of the breast is a tumor composed of breast ducts and a cellular stromal component that can be benign or malignant. The origin of the stromal cells is controversial. We undertook an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of 11 cases of cystosarcoma phylloides to assess the histogenesis of the stromal component. By light microscopy, 4 were diagnosed as benign, and 7 were diagnosed as malignant. Antibodies to vimentin, desmin, actin, high- and low-molecular-weight keratins, and S100 protein were used for immunohistochemical staining. In the 4 benign cases of cystosarcoma phylloides, the stromal cells stained positively only for vimentin. In the malignant tumors, the spindle cell component stained for vimentin in all the cases. In addition, the malignant stromal cells coexpressed desmin in two cases and keratin and S 100 protein in another case. By electron microscopy the stromal component in the benign case and in two of five malignant cases was composed of a mixture of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. The entire neoplastic stroma in two other malignant cases showed features of smooth-muscle differentiation, whereas in another case all the stromal cells showed myoepithelial differentiation. Thus, in benign and malignant cystosarcoma phylloides, the stromal component consists of a mixture of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. Leiomyosarcomas and myoepitheliomas can mimic malignant cystosarcoma phylloides, but immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy can differentiate these entities. This is important since their biologic behavior is different.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Nucleolar organizer regions in superficial spreading melanoma with nodule.

Nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) are genes coding for the ribosomal RNA; they also induce the formation of the nucleolus at interphase. Transcriptionally active NORs can be visualized in histological sections with a silver colloid method, allowing direct counting of these structures (so-called AgNORs). Seven superficial spreading melanomas with nodule (i.e., melanomas containing both a radial and a vertical growth phase) were studied with the technique. The nuclear AgNOR counts (mean +/- SEM) were 5.44 +/- 1.70 for the radial growth phase and 7.65 +/- 2.35 for the vertical growth phase (P less than 0.01). This difference in mean nuclear AgNOR numbers may be related to other known differences in the biological behavior of the two growth phases.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Epithelial proliferation in thymic hyperplasia. An immunohistochemical study and correlation with the developing fetal thymus.

Thymic hyperplasia is a B-cell lymphoid proliferation in which an epithelial component has not, to our knowledge, been previously described. We present a case of thymic hyperplasia in which numerous lymphoid follicles with germinal centers were partially surrounded by small sheets of spindle and epithelioid cells. Electron microscopy confirmed the epithelial nature of these cells. Immunostaining was performed using antibodies to keratins, S100 protein, and two B-cell markers, LN1 and MB2. The proliferated epithelium stained only for high-molecular-weight keratin, whereas the lymphoid tissue stained positively for both B-cell markers. To determine the origin of the proliferated epithelium, the staining was compared with that of the developing fetal and normal adult thymus. We have shown that during fetal development, the keratin composition of thymic epithelium changes from staining predominantly with low- to high-molecular-weight keratin. The immunostaining characteristics of the epithelium in this case of thymic hyperplasia suggest an origin from adult-type epithelium. Furthermore, the association of S100-positive interdigitating reticulum cells with the proliferated epithelium suggests that it is of medullary origin. Our results indicate that epithelial proliferation can be an important component of thymic hyperplasia.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Primary malignant lymphoma of the spleen in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Malignant lymphoma has been infrequently reported in the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We report a case of primary malignant lymphoma of the spleen, an unusual site of primary lymphoma, complicating the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our patient had been treated with low dose prednisone and hydroxychloroquine only, and her lupus was quiescent at the time of presentation with the lymphoma. Thus primary malignant lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of splenomegaly in SLE.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

Primary multilobulated B-cell lymphoma of the breast.

Malignant lymphomas with multilobulated nuclei are recently recognized neoplasms. We report a case of multilobulated B-cell lymphoma arising in the breast. The light microscopic, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical features are described and compared with those of previously reported T- and B-cell multilobulated lymphomas from other sites. A follicular center cell origin of this lymphoma is postulated. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary multilobulated lymphoma of the breast.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1988

Binding of peanut agglutinin to neuroblastomas and ganglioneuromas: a marker for differentiation of neuroblasts into ganglion cells.

Binding of peanut agglutinin (PNA), concanavalin A, Ricinus communis agglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin, soybean agglutinin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1, and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin was assessed in tissue sections of 4 cases of neuroblastoma (NB) to determine whether there were any differences in lectin binding among immature neuroblasts, maturing neuroblasts, and ganglion cells. Only PNA binding proved to be useful. This was assessed more fully in 17 cases of NB and 7 ganglioneuromas. PNA bound to immature neuroblasts in only 4 of 12 stroma-poor NB but to maturing neuroblasts and ganglion cells in 5 of 5 stroma-rich NB. PNA bound to ganglion cells in all 7 ganglioneuromas. The NB were categorized as favorable (7 cases) and unfavorable (10 cases), using the patients' ages and the histologic appearance and mitotic-karyorrhetic index of the resected tumor, and this was correlated with PNA binding. PNA bound to 6 of 7 NB with a favorable, and 3 of 10 with an unfavorable histologic type of NB (p less than 0.05). These studies suggest that neuroblasts acquire the capacity to bind to PNA as they differentiate into ganglion cells and that PNA binding is indicative of a favorable histologic type of NB.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of an islet cell tumour simulating pancreatic carcinoma.

The importance of distinguishing between malignant islet cell tumour and pancreatic carcinoma is emphasized in this report of a 57-year-old woman who presented with an epigastric mass. Clinically and radiologically it was diagnosed as a pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimen obtained under ultrasonic guidance showed tumour cells suggestive of an islet cell tumour. Immunostaining and electron microscopy were performed on the aspirate. The tumour cells stained positive with antibodies to keratin, glucagon and gastrin; ultrastructural examination revealed neurosecretory granules, confirming the diagnosis of an islet cell tumour. Angiography was performed to assess the possibility of debulking the mass. This case demonstrates the value of immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy on fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimens of the pancreas to differentiate islet cell tumours, which are potentially curable, from pancreatic adenocarcinomas, which carry a 5-year survival rate of less than 2%.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Advanced scleroderma bowel: complications and management.

Severe intestinal hypomotility in scleroderma is an uncommon but difficult management problem. We present a case of advanced scleroderma bowel complicated by colonic pseudo-obstruction, which was dramatically improved by subtotal colectomy. Benign pneumoperitoneum due to pneumatosis cystoides intestinales later developed. Symptoms and the pneumoperitoneum resolved with oxygen therapy and total parenteral nutrition, followed by an elemental diet. Our case illustrates how a judicious combination of medical and surgical therapy can be successful in advanced scleroderma bowel. The pathology and pathogenesis of intestinal scleroderma are reviewed to provide an understanding of these complications and a rationale for management.

Colectomy↗
PubMed1988

Lectin binding by liver and lung metastasizing variants of the murine Lewis lung carcinoma.

Lectin binding was assessed in subcutaneous tissues of 9 primary tumors of liver and lung metastasizing variants of murine Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) and their metastases, using the avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. Dolichos bifloris agglutinin, concanavalin A, Ricinis communis agglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin bound to equal numbers of primary and metastatic tumor cells, indicating that the carbohydrate moieties detected by them were not associated with metastatic potential. However, with peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin I (UEA-I), the majority of primary tumor cells had the phenotype PNA-, SBA-, UEA-; metastatic tumor cells to the liver had the phenotype PNA+, SBA+, UEA-1-, and metastases to lung had the phenotype PNA+, SBA+, UEA-1+. Thus, LLC tumor cells that were PNA+ SBA+ had metastatic potential, but with no organ-specific preference. However, those that were UEA-I- or UEA-I+ preferentially metastasized to the liver and lung, respectively, implying that selective metastasis was associated with differences in the carbohydrate composition of metastatic tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Malignant myoepithelioma of the breast. An immunohistochemical study by light and electron microscopy.

Myoepitheliomas of the breast are extremely rare; only four cases have been reported to date. It is not clear whether these tumors behave in a benign or malignant fashion, and no metastatic spread has been documented. We report a myoepithelioma of the breast with metastatic spread to an axillary lymph node. Myoepithelial cell (MEC) differentiation in the tumor was characterized using electron microscopic (EM) criteria. Immunologic investigations at the LM and EM levels showed that the tumor cells were positive for S100 protein, actin, and epidermal cytokeratin; these findings are indicative of MEC differentiation. By immuno-EM, cytokeratin filaments were present in a perinuclear location, while actin filaments were concentrated along the cell periphery. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a breast myoepithelioma that has metastasized and also the first report of the immunologic characterization of a myoepithelioma at the light and electron microscopic levels.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Localized fibrous tumour of serosal surfaces. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural evidence for a type of mesothelioma.

It is uncertain whether localized lesions of serosal membranes have a kinship to mesotheliomas or are truly fibromatous in nature. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical investigations were carried out on 12 localized benign and malignant pleural and peritoneal tumours from 10 patients. Electron microscopic findings, including the consistent and non-fibroblastic cellular organization of localized neoplasms, the presence of some form of intercellular junctions in 7 of 10 cases, basal lamina deposition in 3 cases, and polarized microvilli in one case indicated a form of mesothelial differentiation. Using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies, positive immunostaining of tumour cells for cytokeratin peptides was detected in one case, while antibody to vimentin stained four cases. Light microscopic, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of one benign localized serosal tumour, with a unique blend of epithelial and spindle cells, provided further evidence for a histogenic link between localized serosal tumours and diffuse epithelial mesotheliomas. On the basis of the current findings and reports in the literature, it would appear that the majority of localized tumours of serosal membranes are a subset of mesothelioma, while a minority are fibromas.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Signet ring lymphoma of the skin: ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features.

Signet ring lymphoma is a recently described morphologic variant of B cell lymphoma. We are reporting the first case of this subtype of follicular lymphoma that was initially confined to the skin and remained so. Light microscopy showed the tumor to be composed of monomorphous plump epithelioid cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm involving the dermis and subcutaneous fat. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were present within some of the tumor cells, suggesting the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma with a signet ring appearance. Some of the vacuoles were positive on periodic acid-Schiff with diastase staining, and no mucin was identified. Immunostaining showed the presence of intracytoplasmic IgG heavy chains and kappa light chains. Characteristic intracytoplasmic inclusions, which were formed by saccules and microvesicular bodies, were seen by electron microscopy. The diagnosis of signet ring lymphoma was made. No systemic involvement was found. Over a period of 7 years, multiple new skin lesions occurred, all of which responded to radiation therapy. This rare variant of follicular center cell lymphoma, which can occur in the skin, should not be confused with metastatic mucinous adenocarcinoma and malignant melanoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Distinct keratin patterns demonstrated by immunoperoxidase staining of adenocarcinomas, carcinoids, and mesotheliomas using polyclonal and monoclonal anti-keratin antibodies.

The authors assessed whether distinct patterns for keratin could be demonstrated in 10 adenocarcinomas, 10 carcinoids, and 4 mesotheliomas by an immunoperoxidase reaction using 3 polyclonal and 3 monoclonal antibodies to keratin. When color development in diaminobenzidine (DAB) was allowed to proceed for less than 2 minutes, distinct patterns for keratin could be demonstrated using two polyclonal and two monoclonal antibodies; these were plasma membrane and/or web-like in the adenocarcinomas, punctate or crescentic in the carcinoids, and perinuclear in the mesotheliomas consisting of tumor cells with abundant cytoplasm. Immunoelectron microscopy using protein A colloidal gold confirmed these results. When color development in DAB was allowed to proceed for more than 2 minutes, only diffuse staining was seen. The distinct patterns of immunostaining for keratin obtained with the shorter color development were helpful in differentiating adenocarcinomas, carcinoids, and mesotheliomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗