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H Kakoi

Publications and source records attributed to H Kakoi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Morphological changes in rat submandibular gland mucous cells during fixation with 10% formalin.

The features of mucous cells in 10% formalin (FA)-fixed submandibular glands differ markedly from those fixed in glutaraldehyde (GA). We therefore studied morphological changes in mucous cells during 10% FA fixation. Mucous cells were fixed in either 10% FA, neutral sodium-phosphate-buffered (Na-PBed) 10% FA, ice-cold 10% FA or an ice-cold fixative mixture of 2.0% paraformaldehyde (PA) and 0.5% GA. Two different methods were used: immersion fixation and venous perfusion fixation. The 10% FA-fixed tissues had elliptical or flattened nuclei, a clear cytoplasm and no secretory granules. Tissues fixed with the fixative mixture displayed almost round nuclei, a broad endoplasmic reticulum and abundant secretory granules in the cytoplasm. Tissues immersion-fixed with neutral Na-PBed 10% FA or perfusion-fixed with ice-cold 10% FA had almost the same light microscopic appearance as that of the mixture-fixed tissues. To elucidate the process of morphological changes during 10% FA fixation at room temperature, samples immersed in 10% FA for varying periods of time were postfixed immediately in the fixative mixture and exposed to microwave irradiation. This method produced a variety of findings, even within the same section. There was a significant difference in the findings seen in the center of the section and at the periphery. The initial changes caused by 10% FA were rupture of the secretory granules located in the perinuclear region and destruction of the perinuclear organelles such as Golgi apparatus, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Absorption of the endoplasmic reticulum progressed so that the perinuclear region became translucent. To obtain a better structure in mucous cells from the fixed submandibular gland tissues, an appropriate fixative such as GA should be used and the fixative should infiltrate into the tissues as quickly as possible.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Auditory epithelial migration: I. Macroscopic evidence of migration and pathways in rat.

Auditory epithelial migration (AEM) was studied in the rat for up to 42 days following the application of dye on the tympanic membrane (TM) and external auditory canal (EAC). Migratory pathways were similar to those in the human. In the pars tensa (PT), pathways were radially and centrifugally oriented from the handle of the malleus (HM) toward the annulus. However, the pathway along the HM from the umbo to the pars flaccida (PF), as reported in the human, was not observed in the rat; instead, a shallow downward pathway along the HM. In the PF, the radial spread of dye-markings from the proximal part of the HM to the upper wall of the EAC, as found in the human, was also observed in the rat. We conclude that the TM and EAC of the rat constitute an appropriate experimental model with which to study the human type of AEM.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Auditory epithelial migration. II: Morphological evidence for auditory epidermal cell migration in rat.

Morphology of the tympanic membrane (TM) and external auditory canal (EAC) was studied in healthy, intact rat ears. TM-perforated ears (3 days after making the perforation) and TM-perforation-healed ears (14, 28 and 42 days after making the perforation). In intact ears, the epidermis in the annular region of the EAC displayed a characteristic appearance with cytoplasmic protrusions. We termed these protrusions as "finger-like projections". In contrast to the rat, the annular region of the EAC in the guinea-pig did not show "finger-like projections". Following a perforation in the centre of the anterior or the posterior quadrant of the pars tensa in rats the "finger-like projections" disappeared from the annular region on the perforated side of the EAC, while the projections remained on the malleus side of the perforation edge. In perforation-healed ears analysed 42 days after the perforation, the "finger-like projections" had recurred in the annular region on the perforated side of the EAC. The "finger-like projections" are likely to express maturation (keratinization) and desquamation of epidermal cells in the pars tensa and also could constitute morphological evidence of their migration on the TM.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Plasma thrombomodulin levels in coronary sinus blood in patients with coronary artery disease.

Plasma thrombomodulin (TM) levels in coronary sinus blood were measured in 15 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent elective PTCA (group A). TM was also measured in eight patients with coronary artery disease (group B) and six patients without coronary artery disease (group C), who only underwent diagnostic coronary angiography. The baseline level was 21.6 +/- 3.4 U/ml in group A, and 21.0 +/- 4.9 in group B, and both levels were slightly higher (P < 0.05) than those in group C (15.1 +/- 3.3). In group A, the level increased to 27.5 +/- 8.3 (P < 0.01) immediately after PTCA and then returned to 22.2 +/- 5.1 by 24 h. In groups B and C, levels showed no change immediately after angiography. In group A, the percentage increase in the TM level immediately after PTCA from that before the procedure correlated with the number of balloon inflations (r = 0.76, P < 0.01). In conclusion, the plasma TM level in coronary sinus blood might indicate endothelial damage due to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease and an increase in the level after PTCA might directly indicate vascular injury by balloon inflation.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Unusual D system inheritance in Anglo-Arab horse.

An unusual D system phenogroup appeared in one family line of Anglo-Arab horse. This phenogroup probably originated from inheritance with an apparent absence of factors and was transmitted through successive generations.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Cytokeratin expression patterns by one- and two-dimensional electrophoresis in pars flaccida cholesteatoma and pars tensa cholesteatoma.

Expression patterns of cytokeratins (CKs) in normal skin, in pars flaccida type cholesteatoma (PFTC), and in pars tensa type cholesteatoma (PTTC) were examined by means of one- and two-dimensional electrophoretic techniques. Both CKs 14 and 5 pair (CKs 14/5) and CKs 10/1 were found in all materials. Neither CKs 16/6 nor 19 was found in the skin. CKs 16/6 and 19 were both found in 3 out of 5 PFTCs, only CKs 16/6 in 1 out of 5 and neither CKs 16/6 nor 19 in 1 out of 5. CKs 16/6 and 19 were both found in 1 out of 3 PTTCs, only CKs 16/6 in 1 out of 3 and neither CKs 16/6 nor 19 in 1 out of 3. There was no significant difference in the CKs expression patterns between PFTC and PTTC. The expression of CKs 16/6 and 19 suggested that their matrix epithelia were hyperproliferative. However, not all of the cholesteatomas were always hyperproliferative. Patterns of the terminal differentiation of CKs 1, 5, 10 and 14 in the PFTC or the PTTC were basically the same as those in the skin. In the cholesteatoma, eack CK gradually diminished in molecular weight in the cornified layer and debris. Desmosomal proteins were abundant in skin but not in cholesteatomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Vasodilatory capacity of coronary resistance vessels in dilated cardiomyopathy.

Both the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilatory responses of coronary resistance vessels were studied in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). A 3F coronary Doppler catheter was placed in the proximal left anterior descending artery in 14 patients with DCM and in 10 patients with chest pain syndrome and a normal heart (control subjects). The ratio of maximum mean coronary blood flow velocity after intracoronary administration of the endothelium-independent vasodilator papaverine (10 mg) to resting mean coronary blood flow velocity (Vp/Vo) in patients with DCM was diminished compared with that in control subjects (2.2 +/- 0.6 vs 4.1 +/- 0.9, p < 0.001). The ratio after administration of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine (40 micrograms) (Va/Vo) in 10 DCM patients was also diminished compared with that in seven control subjects (1.3 +/- 0.5 vs 2.4 +/- 0.8, p < 0.01). In DCM patients, Vp/Vo was correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (r = -0.48, p < 0.05), left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (r = -0.68, p < 0.01), ejection fraction (r = 0.75, p < 0.01), and left ventricular end-diastolic wall stress (r = -0.73, p < 0.01). However, Va/Vo was not correlated with any of these parameters. These results indicate that impairment of the vasodilatory capacity of coronary resistance vessels in DCM may be related to endothelial dysfunction and to an extravascular factor resulting from left ventricular dysfunction.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1994

The blood vessels in Reissner's membrane of the rat.

Blood vessels on Reissner's membrane were electron-microscopically found in 24 out of 30 rats of the Wistar strain. The vessels were noted in the upper turns, mainly in the third turn of the cochlea. They originated from radiating arterioles in the upper spiral ligament and took straight courses radially down to the spiral limbus, and further to the modiolus, running along the surface of the scala vestibuli side of the membrane. Their diameter was approximately 4 microns. Bifurcated blood vessels were occasionally detected in 3 out of the 24 rats that possessed the vessels in the membrane. From the morphological point of view the blood vessels in Reissner's membrane may possibly have some function in the inner ear of the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of fresh gas flow rate on the work of breathing during semi-closed circuit anesthesia].

To evaluate the effects of fresh gas flow rate on the work of breathing during semi-closed circuit anesthesia, we measured respiratory frequency, tidal volume, inspiratory work of breathing, peak inspiratory and expiratory flow rate and fluctuations in airway pressure during breathing with fresh gas flow of 6 l.min-1, 3 l.min-1 and 1.5 l.min-1. There was no significant difference among three flow rates in terms of tidal volume, respiratory frequency, inspiratory work of breathing, peak inspiratory flow rate and fluctuation in airway pressure at inspiration. On the other hand, in the expiratory phase, peak expiratory flow rate was lower and fluctuation in airway pressure at expiration was higher at 6 l.min-1 than those at 3 l.min-1 and 1.5 l.min-1, which may be indicative of increased expiratory work of breathing. The present study shows that low fresh gas flow rate does not increase the inspiratory work of breathing and high fresh gas flow rate may increase the expiratory work of breathing, implying that lowering the fresh gas flow is profitable for the work of breathing during semi-closed circuit anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Coronary flow reserve in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy.

Coronary flow reserve was studied in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. A 3F coronary Doppler catheter was placed in the proximal left anterior descending artery in each of 10 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (CDM group), seven patients with coronary artery disease that involved only the left anterior descending artery (CAD group), and seven patients with chest pain syndrome and normal hearts (control group). Coronary flow reserve was calculated as the ratio of the maximum mean coronary blood flow velocity after intracoronary administration of papaverine (10 mg) to resting flow velocity (M/R). The time until maximum flow velocity was reached after papaverine administration (Tmax) was also measured. M/R was lower in the DCM (p < 0.001) and CAD (p < 0.001) groups when compared with the control group. Tmax was not abnormal in the DCM group but was prolonged in the CAD group (p < 0.05). In the DCM group, the M/R ratio correlated with the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (r = -0.69; p < 0.05), the left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (r = -0.7; p < 0.05), the ejection fraction (r = 0.82; p < 0.01), the left ventricular mass (r = -0.7; p < 0.05), and the left ventricular end-diastolic wall stress (r = -0.84; p < 0.001). These results indicate that coronary flow reserve was decreased in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and that the mechanism of its reduction may differ from that in patients with coronary artery disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The circulatory responses to tracheal intubation using the timing principle].

The circulatory responses to tracheal intubation using timing principle were investigated in 40 adult patients who underwent elective surgery. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups; 1) timing principle group, and 2) SCC group. In timing principle group, vecuronium 0.15 mg.kg-1 was administered. At the onset of clinical muscle weakness, thiopental 5 mg.kg-1 was given promptly. Sixty seconds after thiopental, patients were intubated. In SCC group, thiopental 5 mg.kg-1 was administered, and when patients lost consciousness, SCC 1 mg.kg-1 was given. After fasciculation, patients were intubated. The increases in systemic blood pressure, heart rate and rate pressure product were significantly lower in patients in timing principle group than in those in SCC group. Intubating conditions were almost excellent in both groups, and there were no complications in this study. In timing principle group, intubation was done 60 seconds after thiopental administration, and its timing coincided with the peak cerebral concentration of thiopental. We considered this coincidence was one of the reasons of fewer responses in patients in timing group than in those in SCC group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Ultrastructural findings in the inner ear of Jackson shaker mice.

The ultrastructural characteristics of the inner ear of Jackson shaker mice were analyzed. We used 12 Jackson shaker mutants (js/js) with ages ranging from 10 to 47 days and 10 heterozygotes of the Jackson shaker (js/+) with ages ranging from 10 to 30 days. The most striking findings observed were incomplete differentiation of the stereocilia of the outer hair cells and the maculae, although outer and macular hair cell cytoplasm, including the nerve terminals, became fully developed. Most outer hair cells did not show regular W-shaped configuration of the stereocilia throughout the entire turns of the cochlea except for a few hair cells. In many hair cells of the utricular and saccular maculae, the classical pipe organ configuration of the stereocilia was not observed. The Jackson shaker mice have been reported to have a gene abnormality on chromosome 11, and its gene locus was close to that of our new-mutant mice which showed deranged stereocilia of the outer and macular hair cells. Therefore, future studies can provide additional information on the cytodifferentiation of the stereocilia as a function of the gene on chromosome 11.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis of myo-inositol derivatives required for the total synthesis of surugatoxin, prosurugatoxin, and neosurugatoxin.

Two myo-inositol derivatives (4) and (5), required for the total synthesis of surugatoxin, prosurugatoxin, and neosurugatoxin, were prepared. Synthesis of (+/-)-2,3-O-cyclohexylidene-4,5-O-isopropylidene-1-O-methoxymethyl-myo-i nositol (4) was achieved from (+/-)-1-O-benzoyl-2,3-O-cyclohexylidene-4,5-O-isopropylidene-myo-inosito l (6) in 4 steps, and (-)-2,3-O-cyclohexylidene-1,4-di-O-methoxymethyl-5-O-[2',3',4'-tri-O-ace tyl- beta-D-xylopyranosyl]-myo-inositol (5) was synthesized from (+/-)-1-O-benzoyl-2,3-O-cyclohexylidene-5,6-O-isopropylidene-myo-inosito l (12) in 7 steps.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1988

Effectiveness of continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration for patients with refractory heart failure.

Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) was carried out in 8 patients with refractory congestive heart failure. All these patients had heart failure and oliguria for over 24 hours and intensive treatment with digitalis, diuretics, catecholamines and vasodilators was prescribed. Hemodynamics were followed closely during CAVH. During CAVH, pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure were significantly reduced in all patients, the right atrial pressure decreased in 6 with right cardiac failure, the heart rate decreased in 3 with tachycardia and the blood pressure and cardiac index were elevated in 3 with hypotension. These observations show that CAVH can be performed safely and effectively in patients with congestive heart failure, oliguria and hypotension.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Acute profound deafness in Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Two case reports.

Two patients with sudden progressive profound hearing loss resulting from Ramsay Hunt syndrome are reported. Case 1: A 63-year-old woman was admitted to Jichi Medical School Hospital with sudden, progressing deafness of the left ear, vertigo, sore throat, and hoarseness. An otoscopic examination revealed the external ear and the tympanic membrane to be normal. Pure-tone audiometry revealed profound deafness in the left ear. A horizontal nystagmus in the non-affected direction was observed by gaze nystagmus test. An endoscopic examination revealed herpetic vesicles and shallow ulcers on the left side of the pharynx and the larynx. There was complete paralysis of the left recurrent nerve. Hearing acuity of the left ear did not recover at all with steroid hormone therapy. Case 2: A 75-year-old man was referred to the ENT Clinic by a dermatologist for hearing evaluation in Ramsay Hunt syndrome. The man had noticed severe otalgia and sudden progressive deafness of the right ear approximately 2 weeks prior to admission. Physical examination revealed herpetic vesicles and ulcers in the right external ear and lateral neck. Complete paralysis of the right facial nerve was noted. Profound hearing loss in the affected ear was observed by pure-tone audiometry. A gaze nystagmus test revealed a horizontal nystagmus in the non-affected direction. No recovery of the cochlear function was noted following administration of antiviral drug. The pertinent literature is briefly reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Wegener's granulomatosis: report of a case with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and diabetes mellitus.

A patient with the classic form of Wegener's granulomatosis with severe dabetes mellitus and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is described. This 61-year-old male presented with epistaxis and nasal pain and obstruction. The nasal cavities were filled with crusts covering eroded mucosa. The diagnosis was made by biopsy of nasal and bronchial mucosa, and laboratory data. The epistaxis was stopped by 10 Gy irradiation over the nasal cavities. The patient had severe diabetes mellitus. His blood sugar was not controlled by diet and insulin injection. His general condition worsened rapidly as the growth of granuloma in the nose and lung. Accordingly, prednisolone therapy reinitiated to suppress the granuloma although it has a reverse effect on diabetes mellitus. Approximately one month after admission, he died of acute renal failure. Autopsy was carried out. Granulomatous lesions were noted in the nasal cavities, lungs and spleen. Many petechiae were found macroscopically over the cortex of the kidney. Hyalinization or sclerosis with crescent formation was found microscopically in estimated 85% of the glomeruli. Immunohistologic analysis of the renal tissue demonstrated an irregular linear pattern deposition of IgG, IgA and C3 and a granular pattern deposition of IgM and C1q.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1986

Histochemical study on innervation of glands and blood vessels in nasal polyps.

The autonomic innervation of glands in the mucosa of the inferior concha and nasal polyps was studied histochemically. Both cholinergic nerve fibres and adrenergic nerve fibres were noted around the arterioles, arteries and glands in the mucosa of the inferior concha. However, no autonomic nerve fibres were detectable in much of the nasal polyps, except in the stalk region, suggesting that the autonomic nervous system was not present in the polyps. It is assumed that dysfunctioning of the autonomic innervation may be a leading causative factor in the occurrence and/or development of nasal polyps.

Acetylcholinesterase↗