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Biomedical subjects

H Löllgen

Publications and source records attributed to H Löllgen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Anti-arrhythmia therapy in emergencies--lidocaine versus ajmaline].

Up to now lidocain was regarded as remedy of first choice in life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. According to more recent investigations in the emergency situation ajmalin showed itself superior to lidocain in the treatment of ventricular tachycardias. For the prophylaxis of primary ventricular fibrillation lidocain is still recommended, though despite numerous studies an effectiveness is not verified. The treatment of the primary ventricular fibrillation should always be performed by defibrillation as far as possible. The earlier it is performed the more successful is the measure. If a defibrillator is not at disposal an attempt with lidocain or ajmalin can bie made.

Ajmaline↗
PubMed1990

Use of inotropes in the critical care setting.

Positive intropic agents are widely used in critical care settings to treat several syndromes associated with hemodynamic derangements. Norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and dobutamine are the drugs of choice for several specific critical care syndromes, but the properties of each agent and the pathophysiology of the patient are important mediating factors. The hemodynamic status of the patient should be assessed, with invasive hemodynamic monitoring if necessary, and the choice of drug should be made on the basis of data thus obtained.

Amrinone↗
PubMed1986

Ventricular arrhythmias and Q-Tc interval during stress-ECG.

Q-T prolongation is well-known to be related to ventricular arrhythmias in a number of clinical circumstances. The purpose of this study was to determine whether heart rate corrected Q-T interval (QTc) may indicate susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias during stress testing. QTc was determined at rest, during submaximal and maximal bicycle work load in normals and patients with remote myocardial infarction, documented coronary artery disease (CAD) and in a group of patients with different cardiac diseases and premature ventricular beats during exercise testing (PVC). Ventricular arrhythmias were graded according to Lown. Q-Tc interval significantly increased in all groups of those patients having complex ventricular arrhythmias (Lown greater than or equal to III). In patients with ischemic S-T segment depression during stress testing, QTc was only lengthened if complex ventricular arrhythmias were present. Q-Tc lengthening in stress testing is assumed to be associated with occurrence of ventricular premature beats rather than ischemia. There is evidence that abnormal repolarization due to imbalance of the autonomic nervous system induces ventricular arrhythmias. Monitoring of Q-Tc interval during stress testing is warranted and may be useful to predict future cardiac events such as sudden cardiac death.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Hemodynamic response to LBNP following 2 hours HDT (-6 degrees).

Central hemodynamics have been determined during stepwise decreasing LBP in head-down tilt (HDT) of -6 degrees. Measurements were performed on eight healthy volunteers using right heart catheterization. During LBNP, pressures in the right atrium, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary capillary (preload) decreased in parallel with the increase of negative pressure applied to the lower part of the body. Similarly, stroke volume and cardiac output decreased with increasing negative pressure. Heart rate moderately increased (30%) as well as total peripheral resistance. The left ventricular function curve was shifted downward and to the left during LBNP indicating hypovolemia with no evidence of decreased contractility. Cardiac dimensions determined by echocardiography changed in a similar way as those obtained by invasive measurements. There was a very close correlation between stroke volume determined by thermodilution and by echocardiography. Plasma norepinephrine and dopamine tended to increase at the end of LBNP. Echocardiography proved a useful and reliable approach to hemodynamic measurement during LBNP and is recommended for analysis of hemodynamic parameters during zero G and Gz simulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Dilatation of epicardial coronary vessels by intravenous diltiazem in patients with coronary heart disease].

UNLABELLED: Coronary diameters and central hemodynamics were measured in 22 patients with stable coronary artery disease before and after 20 mg of intravenous diltiazem. Coronary diameters from high quality biplane coronary angiograms were calculated as mean values after caliper measurements of identical segments. Measurements were made in angiographically normal and abnormal proximal, middle and distal vessel segments. Central hemodynamics showed a significant decrease for heart rate, mean aortic pressure and peripheral resistance (p less than 0.001). Coronary diameters increased between 2 and 16% (proximal or distal segments). Diameter increases were statistically significant for all segments (p less than 0.001) except for proximal atherosclerotic segments. These hemodynamic and diameter changes were seen after 5, 10 and 20 minutes. CONCLUSION: Intravenous diltiazem shows an acute coronary dilative effect in patients with stable coronary artery disease. This effect is regarded as one of the essential antianginal actions of the drug.

Benzazepines↗
PubMed1984

[The effect of various cutaneously administered nitroglycerin preparations on coronary heart disease].

Sublingually administered nitroglycerin provides marked benefit in the treatment of angina pectoris due to occlusive coronary disease. Because of its brief duration of action, its usefulness as a prophylactic agent is limited. One way to prolong the beneficial effects is cutaneous administration of a nitroglycerin ointment, and the effects and duration of action of three different preparations of topical nitroglycerin on exercise performance have therefore been studied in a double-blind randomized manner in 44 patients with well documented coronary artery disease and stable angina pectoris. 30 mg 2% nitroglycerin ointment((Plantorgan Co.) produced significant improvement in maximal exercise capacity one and six hours after application; concomitantly there was a decrease in the sum of exercise induced ST-segment depression especially one hour, but less markedly six hours, later. 10 mg 2% nitroglycerin ointment (Pohl Boskamp Co.) also produced an increase in maximal exercise tolerance and a reduction in the degree of myocardial ischemia estimated by the magnitude of exercise-induced ST-segment depression one hour after application, but no clear effect could be measured four hours later. 25 mg nitroglycerin in the "transdermal therapeutic system" (Ciba Geigy) produced a significant improvement in maximal exercise capacity and a significant decrease in the sum of exercise-induced ST-segment depression one and five hours after cutaneous application. Side effects were not observed during these studies, and the topical compatibility of the different ointments was good.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Central hemodynamics during zero gravity simulated by head-down bedrest.

Central hemodynamics during head-down tilt of -6 degrees lasting for 2 h were studied using catheterization of the pulmonary artery. M-mode echocardiography was performed simultaneously. Significant increases occurred for pressures in the right atrium, pulmonary artery in pulmonary wedge position, and for pulmonary vascular resistance. Cardiac and stroke volume index, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and total systemic resistance remained constant throughout the exposure time. Constancy was also observed for echocardiographic measures of cardiac dimensions. It is concluded that head-down tilt leads to an increase of preload without any evidence of disturbed left ventricular function. No distinct time course of hemodynamic variables could be seen. Echocardiography proved a useful method to study cardiovascular adaptations during head-down tilting.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1984

[Invasive diagnosis of coronary heart disease: recent developments in coronary angiography].

Coronary angiography as a diagnostic procedure has been increasingly perfected over the last 25 years. Technical and pharmacological developments have revealed several new aspects of coronary angiography. The optical and spatial resolution of coronary lesions has been enhanced by improvement of X-ray equipment and the introduction of biplane isocentric coronary angiography with hemiaxial views. Functional diagnosis of coronary arteries has been improved by the introduction of selective pharmacological methods, especially in the search for coronary spasms. The latest development is the introduction of coronary angiography as a therapeutic procedure for intracoronary thrombolysis in evolving myocardial infarction and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1984

[The significance of improved angiocardiography systems in the quantitative assessment of proximal coronary stenosis. Comparison of angiographic and hemodynamic measurements in vivo].

The use of high resolution X-ray techniques for biplane coronary angiography can improve the quantitative assessment of coronary stenoses when perpendicular projections in both views can be achieved. Angiograms thus obtained of coronary stenoses before (n = 17) and after (n = 14) coronary dilatation were evaluated for mean and minimal stenosis diameters of two planes and for percent narrowing of stenoses (caliper measurements). Comparisons with transstenotic pressure gradients showed significant or highly significant correlations for all dimensional parameters. It is concluded that quantitative angiographic analysis of coronary stenoses yields highly reliable results of hemodynamic relevance. In addition, a mean diameter of less than 1.6 mm could be identified as indicating hemodynamically significant stenosis.

Angiocardiography↗