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Biomedical subjects

H Marek

Publications and source records attributed to H Marek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The effect of verapamil on adrenocortical hormone secretion].

Variations in circadian cortisol rhythm, morning ACTH concentration and the 24-hour cortisol excretion were examined in 15 healthy volunteers and 9 untreated patients with cardiovascular diseases. These variations were measured under basal conditions and during low dose (ACTHL-test) and also a high dose (ACTHH-test) ACTH stimulation. Additionally, in the patients with cardiovascular diseases the effect of verapamil-administration was investigated. Under basal conditions no significant differences were to be seen between normal subjects and the patients, either before or after therapy. The two functional tests resulted in almost identical increases of cortisol and ACTH levels, both in healthy subjects and the patients before verapamil. It was found that after verapamil application during the ACTHL-test, the levels of plasma cortisol decreased in comparison with the values noted before verapamil (p less than 0.05). However, in the ACTHH-test a significant increase of the plasma cortisol (p less than 0.05) was evident. Our results lead to the conclusion that after verapamil therapy, under slight loading, the plasma cortisol concentration can be expected to decrease slightly, and in extremely high stress situations it will increase.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1990

[Does the calcium antagonist verapamil modify calcium metabolism?].

In 11 healthy volunteers the effects of oral verapamil administration (4 X 80 mg/d) on plasma or serum concentrations of ionized, pH-corrected ionized and total calcium, on intact and midregional parathyroid hormone and on 24 h urinary excretion of calcium were investigated at rest. In addition the concentrations of ionized, pH-corrected ionized and total serum calcium were analyzed under bicycle exercise. Verapamil resulted in an increase of total serum calcium (p less than 0.02) and a fall in midregional parathyroid hormone concentrations (p less than 0.02) at rest. There was also found a statistically significant elevation of both ionized (p less than 0.05) and pH-corrected ionized (p less than 0.05) plasma calcium, and a slight increase in the total calcium under exercise (p less than 0.1). Before verapamil a significant negative correlation between total calcium and midregional parathyroid hormone was evident (r = -0.618; p less than 0.05), which however could not be clearly discerned after verapamil.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Status of diabetes in Ethiopia as a contribution to tropical diabetes mellitus].

On the basis of own experiences with the care of diabetes in the northern highland of Ethiopia the particularities of the tropical diabetes mellitus are described. In the light of the control score according to Noviks and co-workers the quality of the metabolic management of 100 patients is estimated as above all unsatisfactory, from which the conclusion is to be deduced more than up to now to include the diabetes mellitus into the health care system of Ethiopia and to improve thoroughly the conditions for the diagnostics, the therapy, education and dispensary care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Verapamil in primary hyperparathyroidism].

In a female patient with primary hyperparathyroidism and disturbances of cardiovascular function clinical, biochemical and electrocardiographic as well as bone scintigraphic parameters were analyzed before and during therapy with verapamil (Falicard) for 7 month. Verapamil therapy resulted in decrease of the frequency of the supraventricular tachycardia, and, in higher doses (4 X 120 mg), also reduction of blood pressure, however, with dose limiting bradycardia and prolongation of PQ-time. Both the normalization of serum phosphate level, diminution of hypercalcemia of the ionized calcium and the decrease of hypercalciuria and increase of scintigraphic index as an expression of the decrease of high activity of bone metabolism suggest alterations of the calcium homeostasis. Under oral calcium load the constantly increased PTH values markedly could be suppressed indicating an alteration of intracellular parathyroid calcium set point. Discussion is performed with respect to possible protective metabolic and cardiovascular effects of calcium antagonists in this endocrine functional disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Hormone changes as indicators of stress in the development and course of myocardial infarct].

The effect of hormonal-metabolic risk factors in the development of various forms of the coronary heart disease is included into a concept of stress. After demonstration of the historical development of the stress research on the further developed basis of the general adaptation syndrome of Selye the adrenocortical system is used for the evaluation of stressors. Thereby the hormonal characteristics of the behaviour of type A which is at risk of an infarction after Friedman and Rosenman are described. The hormonal-metabolic adaptation of the organism to psychosomatic stressors is demonstrated for the acute phase and the chronic phase. In the acute phase the corticol level correlates with the clinical course of the infarction as well as with the haemodynamic parameters PAEDP and heart index. Cortisol is regarded as parameter of the postaggression metabolism. The increased cortisol level dependent upon time in its course leads to the low-T3-syndrome and to the decrease of testosterone. From this result secondarily effective modifications of the metabolism which are above all valuated as defence reactions. In the chronic phase of risk the values of cortisol are lowered in the stress response. This low cortisol response is a functional maladaptation, which according to our retrospective study is prognostically favourable. A therapeutic influence on the adrenocortical function by calcium antagonists is effective, but up to now not yet sufficiently proved.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1989

[Hyperthyroidism and its relation to heart function].

The influence of hyperthyreosis on the cardiac function was investigated by means of non-invasive methods (radiocardiography, echocardiography, Tc-99m- und Tl-201-scintigraphy of the myocardium) and invasive methods (coronary angiography). Independent of age an increase of the frequency was always existing, a significant increase of the filling of the ventricle, of SI and HI was shown only by younger patients. With the help of the echocardiography local and global disturbances of kinetics, by means of the Tl-201-scintigraphy of the myocardium disturbances of the myocardial perfusion could be proved. For the circulating plasma catecholamines noradrenalin, adrenalin and dopamine values were established lying in the lower region of the normal. The effects of an increase of the thyroid hormone on the number and/or sensitivity of the membrane-bound beta-adrenoceptors of the heart as well as the independent of its effect of the SDH on the obtaining of myocardial energy are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Gonadal and adrenocortical hormone changes in myocardial infarct].

On a male group of patients investigations of the behaviour of the testosterone, LH, cortisol and ACTH serum concentrations in the hospital phase of the acute myocardial infarction were carried out. Apart from an early activation of the adreno-cortico-pituitary axis a decrease of the testosterone concentrations at consistent LH levels was observed. On healthy test persons in the ACTH and hydrocortisone tolerance test possible interactions between adrenocortical and gonadal hormone system were controlled.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1984

[Behavior of ACTH and cortisol in acute myocardial infarct].

In 30 patients with acute myocardial infarction in 4-hour intervals the temporary course of the ACTH and cortisol in the plasma was pursued up to the 60th hour. Here 3 different patterns of behaviour were found. In group 1 (11 patients) normal ACTH and cortisol values are present during the period of examination. In group 2 (13 patients) ACTH in increased at admission to hospital, and a decrease of the values to the normal takes place after the beginning of the infarction within 4 to 8 hours, whereas the plasma cortisol remains clearly increased. Increased ACTH and cortisol values during the whole period were measured in group 3 (6 patients). The different hormone constellations found are possibly the expression of a different reaction behaviour of the adrenocortical system in acute myocardial infarction. There is a weak positive correlation between the creatine kinase and the plasma cortisol. The size and the duration of the increase of ACTH and cortisol seems to be connected with the degree of severity of the acute myocardial infarction. An increase of ACTH and cortisol for a longer time is to be regarded as unfavourable for the course of the acute myocardial infarction, while uncomplicated courses are connected with normal ACTH and cortisol in the plasma.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of the beta-receptor blockers propranolol and talinolol on glucose-orciprenaline induced insulin secretion, glucose tolerance and the behavior of nonesterified free fatty acids in metabolically normal probands].

With the help of a special clinico-pharmacological test arrangement on 5 test persons with healthy metabolism was proved that the oral treatment with the selective beta 1-blocker Cordanum (Talinolol, 0.3 g/die) and with the non-selective beta 1-beta 2-blocker Obsidan (Propranolol, 0.12 g/die) leads to a complete suppression of the insulin secretion which can be additionally mobilised via beta 2-adrenoreceptors in test persons with healthy metabolism. In contrast to Talinolol under the treatment ith the unspecific beta-blocker Propranolol a clear blocking of the beta 2-mediated glycogenolysis which can be evoked with the help of Orciprenalin and of the lipolysis evocable via beta 1-receptors was observed. Due to the more insignificant metabolic side-effects, with regard to an intact energy supply and the maintainance of the physical functional capacity, the selective beta 1-blocker Talinolol is preferred in the long-term therapy of cardiovascular diseases.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of thyroid hormones, corticosterone, adrenocorticotropic hormone and insulin in the plasma of the rat under stress conditions].

In male Wistar rats the behaviour of the plasma concentrations of thyroid hormones, corticosterone, adrenocorticotrophic hormone and insulin was examined in the course of a hypokinase stress of 6 weeks duration. Blood was taken after a stress of 1, 3 and 6 weeks. In these cases in thyroid hormones a decrease of the thyroxine (T4) and an increase of the triiodothyronine (T3) appeared. In an increased need of energy of the organism apparently a more rapid peripheral conversion of T4 to the more active metabolic T3 takes place. Only after a longer stress the deficit of thyroid hormone is equalized via the regulating circle hypothalamus-hypophysis-thyroid gland. The hormones ACTH and corticosterone which are connected together in the regulation system hypothalamus-hypophysis-adrenal cortex, after one week slightly increase in the plasma of rats and clearly decrease after a stress of 3 weeks. This shows that in a longer stress load apparently an exhaustion of the bioenergetic reserves of the organism develops. At last under long-term stress a significant decrease of the plasma insulin level was found. The decrease of insulin might be conditioned by an endogenic liberation of catecholamine.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1980

[Value of the hormonal metabolic regulations in ischemic heart disease with respect to primary prophylaxis].

The value of hormonal-metabolic regulations is not yet to be actually estimated for the ischaemic heart disease and the acute myocardial infarction in contrast to the haemodynmic and electrocardiographic data. Metabolic risk factors may favourably be influenced by preventive measures, such as physical training and nutrition, even though details of the multilayered pathogenetic mechanism still need clarification. For the relations between hormones and cardiovascular diseases the hormonal regulation interests among the load examinations in such a way as the molecular aspects of the hormonal effects. Methodically there exist still many problems concerning the generalizing evidence of the two functional areas. At cellular level the thyroid hormones influence the activity of the enzymes of the oxidative metabolism, the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein and thus the contractility of the myocardium. Preventive measures, above all a nutrition with a diet rich in linoic acid, have provable effect on the hormone concentration and regulation possibly by influence on the cell membrane, which may not yet be estimated in their significance for the prevention of the disease of heart and circulation and which need further clarification.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1980

[Behavior of thyroid hormones, their regulation and relations to the clinical course of myocardial infarction].

With the help of a clinical study during the acute phase of the myocardial infarction the behaviour of the triiodothyronine (T3) in correlation to the creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) and clinical parameters was examined. The CPK and T3 exhibit a reciprocal behaviour. In dependence on the clinical stage of the acute myocardial infarction three reaction patterns of the T3 behaviour are described and discussed. It is referred to the relation of the neuro-hormonal regulation mechanism to the changed metabolic behaviour in the acute myocardial infarction. Possibilities of the importance of T3 and its peripheral metabolism in the metabolic regulation are shown.

Adult↗