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Biomedical subjects

H Menke

Publications and source records attributed to H Menke.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Pulmonary complications following surgical abdominal interventions. Identification of various risk groups].

Incidence and type of postoperative complications were prospectively analyzed in 2280 patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. 6.6% had one or more pulmonary complications requiring therapeutic intervention (2.3% pneumonia, 1.6% drained pleural effusions, 1.2% atelectases). Based on univariate and logistic regression analyses, the following parameters constitute high-risk patients with regard to pulmonary complications: Elective surgery (4.3%, 61/1428): anemia (7.2% pulmonary complications), pathological blood gas analysis (9.8%), preoperative hospitalization greater than 1 week (6.3%), blood loss under operations greater than 1000 ml (10.5%), length of the operation greater than 3 h (9.7%); emergency surgery (10.4%, 89/852): upper gastrointestinal operation (16.2%), age greater than 75 (19.9%), ASA IV/V (28%), anemia (19.6%), chronic bronchitis (19%), pathological blood gas analysis (26.6%), diabetes (16.5%), heart failure (18.2%), blood loss under operation greater than 1000 ml (24.3%), length of the operation greater than 2 h (15.4%). These results allow to distinguish between different levels of pulmonary risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Strand breaks in plasmid DNA, natural and brominated, by low-energy X-rays.

Single- and double-strand breaks were measured in Col E1 plasmid DNA, natural and partially brominated, irradiated with monoenergetic X-rays (from a synchrotron radiation source) on both sides of the K-absorption edge for Br. The fraction of the undamaged supercoiled form decreased exponentially with the photon dose; its yield in the brominated DNA did not exhibit any energy-dependence. This result is consistent with the calculated relative contributions of photoelectric interactions with individual component atoms which show that an electron flux originating in light atoms outweighs that from bromine. However, X-rays of energy above the Br K-edge appear slightly more efficient in producing double-strand breaks. This result, as well as those reported in the literature on the Auger enhancement of different biological endpoints in cells containing brominated DNA, seem to suggest that the positive charge and submolecular effects associated with the photo-absorption in bromine play some role in damaging processes, besides the initial distribution of deposited electron energy.

Bromine↗
PubMed1991

Interpersonal aggressive behaviour and alcohol consumption among young urban adolescents in France.

In order to supplement existing studies of deviant populations (alcoholics, drug addicts, jailed delinquents) and to bring to light the existence of early relationships between aggressiveness and alcohol consumption, an epidemiological survey was carried out among 1601 adolescents (aged 13-16) from a suburban area of Paris. Some types of the aggressive behaviour studied were more socially acceptable--breaking objects, hitting people, fighting--than others--threatening to use or using physical violence to obtain money or objects from people. A majority of the adolescents had already demonstrated violent behaviour, 41% showed repetitive delinquent behaviour, and 12% cumulated several types of such behaviour. The aggressive teenagers differed from the non-aggressive subjects firstly in their alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug consumption, and secondly with respect to other deviant behaviour, such as stealing, running away from home or violent victimization. A logistic regression analysis highlighted the relative importance of each type of delinquent behaviour and of the early onset of regular alcohol consumption. The discussion focuses on the complex relationship between violence and alcohol consumption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Empyema necessitatis--a differential diagnostic problem in ventilated patients in intensive care].

Development of an empyema necessitatis under mechanical artificial respiration with high peak pressures is described on the basis of a case report on a patient in whom the phenomenon was the sequel of pneumonia with abscess formation. Conventional x-ray diagnosis can merely yield pointers towards possible differential diagnoses, whereas CT supplies an unequivocal diagnosis. X-ray image and differential diagnosis are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Suicidal thoughts during early adolescence: prevalence, associated troubles and help-seeking behavior.

A total of 1600 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 16 living in a county bordering on Paris were interviewed concerning their health, their use of drugs, both legal and illegal, their behavior, and their seeking of health care. Fourteen percent of the boys and 23% of the girls had already thought about suicide and 5% and 10% (respectively) proclaimed having thought about it frequently. Young adolescents who thought about suicide, the girls as well as the boys, had more health problems (fatigue, nightmares, insomnia), used more drugs (including tobacco, alcohol, illegal drugs, psychotropic medicine) and had more delinquent behavior (robbery, running away from home, racketeering). Furthermore, the girls had problems in school (absenteeism and being left back). In general, youngsters with suicidal thoughts resorted to violence in a variety of ways. Although these youngsters spoke less readily about their personal problems, they more frequently sought physical health care (doctors, nurses, social workers). This discrepancy between their difficulty in communication and their readiness to ask for physical care is a clear indication of their need to be helped.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Spontaneous intramural hematoma of the intestinal wall--an unusual hemorrhagic manifestation of hemophilia A].

Gastrointestinal bleeding is a well known event in patients suffering from blood dyscrasias. In contrast spontaneous nontraumatic hematoma of the bowel is a rare complication, requiring a different therapeutic management, which depends on localization and extent of the hematoma. We report about two hemophiliac patients presenting with acute abdominal pain caused by spontaneous intramural hematomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of risk in the perioperative period].

Operative risks should be assessed before surgical intervention not only by heuristic means, but in addition also by quantitative methods. ASA-classification and Recovery Index (McPeek) are offered for a critical routine assessment of global perioperative risk.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Primary mediastinal seminoma].

Primary mediastinal seminoma is an uncommon lesion and should be included in the differential diagnosis of mediastinal tumors. Symptoms and signs may not be clear and in most cases the diagnosis is made by sternotomy or thoracotomy. Our recommendation is that patients with primary mediastinal seminoma should undergo curative resection or reductive surgery. Curative resection should be followed by radiation therapy. Chemotherapy with cisplatin-containing combinations should be reserved for patients who have metastases at the time of diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Self-reported alcohol consumption among adolescents and the signification of early onset. A longitudinal approach.

A cohort study of 327 French adolescents was carried out from 1983 to 1985 to investigate 1) the prevalence, incidence and remission rates of alcohol consumption 2) the significance of alcohol consumption before age 16 and its evolution. Among the young people with high alcohol consumption at age 16 (20%), 40% (30% among boys, 68% among girls) decrease their consumption at age 17 or 18. There are great differences between problem drinkers at age 16, and the others. They reveal more risky behaviour, more psychosomatic symptoms and have a more active life style. Even if they decrease their alcohol consumption between age 16 and their 18, their behaviour and psychosomatic problems persist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Identifications in several young alcoholics].

For this article we used personality tests (Rorschach, TAT), in particular, to study the problems of identification and identity among 16 young problem drinkers. Certain problems are analyzed in greater detail, for example absence or failure of identifications, identifications with collective ideals, incorporation fantasies, and some identification problems specific to adolescence. The author concludes that these young problem drinkers use their addictive behavior to transform identity problems in social conflicts. This transformation complicates for them all personal relationship that could include an authentic and individual expression of their problems.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of injectable or inhalational anesthetics and of neuroleptic, neuroleptanalgesic, and sedative agents on tumor blood flow.

Among other parameters, varying blood flow values may be responsible for tumor-to-tumor variabilities in the radiobiologically hypoxic cell fraction of experimental rodent tumors. To test whether changes in tumor blood flow may be caused by anesthetic agents often used in radiobiology, the effect of injectable and inhalational anesthetics and of neuroleptic, neuroleptanalgesic, and sedative agents on blood flow in subcutaneous DS-carcinosarcomas implanted in Sprague-Dawley rats has been investigated using the 85Kr clearance technique. In conscious rats, 20-100 min after animal instrumentation mean blood flow is 0.62 +/- 0.17 ml/g/min (mean +/- SD) in 0.75 +/- 0.15 g tumors at a mean arterial blood pressure of 125 +/- 12 mm Hg. In animals receiving thiobutabarbital, chloral hydrate, or methoxyflurane tumor blood flow is somewhat higher than that measured in conscious rats. Tumor blood flow in animals receiving etomidate, ketamine-xylazine, fentanyl-fluanisone, or urethane is significantly lower than that in the thiobutabarbital group and somewhat lower than in the conscious animals. Blood flow values observed with midazolam, ketamine-midazolam, fentanyl-droperidol, droperidol, diazepam, and pentobarbital are similar to those measured in conscious rats. Virtually no flow alterations with time are detectable in conscious rats and with most of the drugs used. In animals anesthetized with urethane or methoxyflurane, tumor blood flow increases and tumor vascular resistance diminishes slightly with time.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1988

[Typical radiologic findings in Mirizzi syndrome].

In extrahepatic cholestasis it is necessary to include Mirizzi's syndrome in the differential diagnostic considerations. Characteristic findings in sonography and computed tomography are: a stone incorporated in the neck of the gallbladder or cystic duct with an extension of the common hepatic duct above the stone and normal width of the bile duct below the stone; in endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC, direct cholangiography), a characteristic finding is a smooth-walled, segmental stenosis through external compression or an incorporated stone.

Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde↗
PubMed1987

Blood flow, vascular resistance and oxygen availability in malignant tumours upon intravenous flunarizine.

Tumour blood flow, an important determinant of the efficacy of presently available nonsurgical cancer treatments, significantly increased following a single I.V. injection of the calcium antagonist flunarizine. At a dose of 1 mg/kg, tumour blood flow increased approximately by 28% without a significant change in mean arterial blood pressure. The flow increase was paralleled by a similar improvement of the O2 availability to the cancer cells. The data suggest that flunarizine may provide a means of improving delivery of antineoplastic agents to tumours. Furthermore, flunarizine may also enhance the effectiveness of irradiation by increasing tumour oxygenation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Development of self-perceived risk behaviour and psychosomatic symptoms in adolescents: a longitudinal approach.

A cohort study on a sample of 327 high school students was carried out between 1983 and 1985. Health and behaviour problems were investigated. During adolescence psychosomatic, depressive and behavioural problems appear to be common. The majority of young people suffer at least one problem at 18 years of age. The type of problems are closely related to gender: among boys behavioural problems (BP), such as alcohol or drug consumption, tobacco smoking and violence, are important; among girls sleep disorders, headaches and depressive symptoms (PDS) are frequent. During adolescence sex differences become clearly established. Between 16 and 18 years of age the average number of behavioural problems rises from 0.5 to 1.5 for boys and remains stable (around 0.5) for girls. During the same period the PDS average rises from 1.6 to 2.0 for girls and remains stable (around 0.7) for boys. Even if there exists a correlation between BP and PDS (this correlation is higher in the early age than later on), one type of problem is always predominant, according to sex. BP as well as PDS are related to the intolerance of frustration. Authors conclude that these problems must be considered as the expression of the inability to metabolize or cope with the conflict.

Adolescent↗