PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Mielke

Publications and source records attributed to H Mielke.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Serotonin content of platelets in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Correlation with clinical activity.

Significantly decreased platelet serotonin contents were measured in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis, and mixed connective tissue disease. An inverse relationship between platelet serotonin levels and clinical disease activity was observed in both rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. SLE patients with multiple organ involvement showed the lowest platelet serotonin values. No correlation was observed between platelet serotonin contents and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug treatment, presence of circulating platelet reactive IgG, or the amount of circulating immune complexes. The results are interpreted as indicating platelet release occurring in vivo during inflammatory episodes of the rheumatic disorders investigated.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗
PubMed1983

Studies of polyarthritis caused by Mycoplasma arthritidis in rats. II. Serological investigation of rats experimentally infected with M. arthritidis ISR 1.

In sera of rats which developed severe polyarthritis after infection with 10(9) CFU of Mycoplasma arthritidis ISR 1, antibodies against M. arthritidis could be detected by the complement fixation test (CFT), enzyme immune assay (EIA), indirect hemagglutination (IHA), and metabolic inhibition test (MIT). Peak titers (CFT - 1:4096, EIA - 1:2560, IHA - 1:640 and MIT - 1:64) were reached between 2 and 12 weeks after infection. The antibodies persisted for at least 9 months, but started to decrease gradually 5 to 7 months after infection. No antibodies against M. arthritidis could be detected in the growth inhibition test. Immune complexes were found 4 days after infection. They decreased rapidly during the first two months after infection after which they increased again. At no time, rheumatoid factors could be detected. Rats which had recovered from the polyarthritis induced by intravenous injection of M. arthritidis ISR 1 were resistant to a subsequent infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Platelets as target cells in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: a platelet specific immunoglobulin inducing the release reaction.

Sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were assessed for in vitro platelet activation as measured by serotonin release; 24% (30) of 124 tested RA sera and 51% (35) of 69 SLE sera induced a significant 3H serotonin release. Investigation of 17 synovial fluid samples from RA patients revealed significant release in 82%. Concomitant testing for lymphocytotoxic antibodies and immune complexes did not show any correlation to platelet activation. Upon gel filtration the release-inducing activity of positive sera was localized in the region of 160 000 Daltons. Further characterization by ion exchange chromatography, immune electrophoresis, chromatographic and SDS PAGE molecular weight determinations, as well as analytical ultracentrifugation all confirmed the IgG nature of the release-inducing protein. Negative blocking experiments performed by preincubation of platelets with Fc-IgG fragments prior to challenge with a release-inducing serum excluded the participation of Fc receptors in the reaction. It was concluded that the release was caused by a platelet reactive IgG antibody. This antibody may also cause release of platelet mediators in vivo and may thus contribute to the pathogenesis of the generalized vasculopathy in both diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Indications and methods for therapeutic apheresis.

Technological advancements in the biomedical field have recently afforded the clinician opportunities to safely treat disease processes that previously defied conventional medicine. Therapeutic apheresis is one such application of these advancements and offers potential benefit to patients suffering from various hematological, renal, rheumatic, and neuromuscular disorders. Research is continually being done to clearly define the role of this new therapy. New protocols are continually being developed and evaluated in the attempt to find out and control the variables necessary to nesure that each disease process is treated in the most effective manner possible.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMed1981

[Monitoring of udder health by quarterwise measurement of initial milking samples for electric conductivity--results of serial examinations of individual animals and herds].

More than 400 cows were involved in three experimental series in which quarterwise measurement was applied continuously, even daly in a number of instances, to initial milking samples, with the view to establishing the electric conductivity of the milk. Electric cell count determination, high-speed mastitis tests, clinical examination of udders and secretions, and bacteriological milk tests were complementarily conducted. The major purpose of the effort was to find out whether milk conductivity measurement would be helpful in detecting subclinical mastitis. Conductivity measurement, in addition to being in fair agreement with milk cell count data, proved to be suitable an approach to high-continuity monitoring of udder condition, with no disruption of the production process being required. Specification of limit values and diagnostic value of differences between quarter milking data from one and the same udder were additional subjects of this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Origin and behavior of macrophages in the milk of cows with healthy and pathological udders].

Macrophages of cow milk are part of the mononucleic phagocyte system. Most of them are histiocytes which are transferred from udder tissue into milk at various stages of activity. They are variable in shape, size, and number and have certain defence and purification functions in the milk. Transformation in milk of lymphocytes to macrophages are considered possible. No hard evidence has been produced, as yet, to the repeatedly produced by means of optical light microscopy to close conglomeration of macrophages and lymphocytes in milk, which is interpreted as macrophage-lymphocyte interaction, as in immunoreactive processes. Cows with clinically intact udders were found to have in their milk between 17 and 20 per cent of macrophages, 37 or 38 per cent of polymorphonucleic leucocytes, between 13 and 20 per cent of lymphocytes as well as between 26 and 32 per cent of non-differentiable cells and cell fragments. The repair phase of acute mastitis was found to be associated with drastic decrease of milk cell counts, along with percentual rise in macrophages, caused mainly by reduction in polymorphonucleic leucocytes in the milk. With subclinical and chronic mastitis, the percentage of macrophages was found to be increased, particularly due to streptococcal infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Comparative electromyographic studies of calves, sheep and goats].

Electromyography was used on calves, sheep, and goats to study limit values and behaviours of the action potentials of motoric units of M. Flexor digitorum superficialis. Average potentials were 10.5 ms in calf, 8.2 ms in sheep, and 8.1 ms in goat, and peak potentials were 4.8 ms, 5.7 ms, and 6.3 ms. Roughly 85 per cent of the potentials were diphasic and triphasic in calf, 92 per cent in sheep, and 93 per cent in goat. Monophasic, tetraphasic, and polyphasic action potentials were also exhibited by motoric units. Average potential amplitudes were 377 microV in calf, 253 microV in sheep, and 322 microV in goat.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1980

[Measurement of electric conductivity in first quarter milking samples for comparative assessment of udder health in large dairy cow herds].

Described in this paper is an experimental milking kit by which to collect first quarter milking samples directly from the milk pipeline system during full operation of the milking parlor. Measurement of electric conductivity of milk samples thus collected during the milking process may provide information on the occurrence of subclinical mastitis in the herd concerned. Discussed are results obtained from comparative measurement of milk conductivity, indirect determination of milk cell counts, as well as from clinical udder checks and bacteriological milk tests in seven large herds.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Studies of the effect of synthetic oxytocin and neurohypophyseal extract on diuresis of water-laden cattle].

The action of synthetic oxytocin and Glanduphen, a neurohypophyseal extract preparation, on the diuresis of six heads of cattle in lactation was studied, following intraruminal application of water. Intravenous injection of something between 10 and 30 I.U. of oxytocin reduced diuresis by 54 per cent on average, within 30 minutes from treatment. Urine-borne Cl- -concentrations went up by 315 per cent on average and quantitative Cl- -secretion by 87 per cent. The values recorded in response to the administration of doses between 10 and 40 I.U. of Glanduphen were 44, 785, and 344 per cent. Additional application of Glanduphen within 30 minutes from oxytocin injection caused less pronounced inhibition of diuresis or even some activation of diuresis. Literature on renal effects of vasopressin and of oxytocin was analysed, in that context, and the conclusion was drawn that antidiuretic effects were recordable neither from man nor from animals unless they were exposed to excessive application of water. The same hormone preparations, however, caused increase of diuresis in thirty animals with low rates of diuresis and higher osmotic urine pressure. Rise in saluresis was a most common result of vasopressin or oxytocin administration and did in no way depend on the diuresis level.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Studies of the induction of diuresis increase and water intoxication induced diuresis inhibition by oxytocin and vasopressin in lactating cattle].

Intravenous injection of 20 International Units (IU) of oxytocin in the form of synthetic oxytocin or neurohypophyseal extract preparations to dehydrated cows that had already undergone twelve hours of water withdrawal did not produce antidiuresis but rather rise of diuresis accompanied by saluretic effects. Increase in diuresis occurred also in hyperhydrated cows, following water application, provided that oxytocin or vasopressin preparations had caused antidiuresis and saluresis and, consequently, changed urine composition to osmotic pressures beyond the limit values between 650 and 750 mosmol/kg. Rehydration of cow may be associated with retardation of diuresis by four hours or more. If oxytocin or vasopressin are given in the phase of such rehydration, the period between water application and the onset of water diuresis may be defined as "blocked water diuresis". Continuous infusion of 0.34 or 0.8 IU of oxytocin per minute up to 3.5 hours did not cause water intoxication in hyperhydrated cows, though blood plasma values for osmotic pressure had dropped to 244 mosmol/kg, while Na+ concentration had gone down to 116 mmol/l.

Animals↗