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Biomedical subjects

H Poppius

Publications and source records attributed to H Poppius.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Nocturnal oxygen saturation and body movement in asthmatics treated with controlled-release preparations of theophylline or terbutaline.

Nine adult asthmatics with a history of nocturnal symptoms and with morning dips in peak expiratory flow (PEF) were treated for 10-14 days with 24-h controlled-release preparation of theophylline (Th), or a controlled-release preparation of terbutaline (Te), in a double-blind cross-over experiment. During treatment with 450-900 mg Th in the evening morning, plasma drug levels ranged from 53-95 (mean 73) mumol/l. The Te dose was 7.5 mg twice daily. Morning PEF values during Th (mean 338 l.min-1) and Te (316 l.min-1) were not significantly different. There were no significant differences between the treatments in average nocturnal oximetric O2 saturation (91.9% during Th and 91.0% during Te), or the amount of nocturnal body movement, recorded with a static charge sensitive bed (total number of movements 146 during Th and 120 during Te). No difference between the treatments was seen with respect to assessment by the subjects of sleep quality, which was considered fair or good. The findings suggest that in moderately severe asthma, nocturnal oxygenation and sleep quality were similar during the two treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Psychosocial effects of continuous oxygen therapy in hypoxaemic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Twenty six hypoxaemic patients with severe and stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were treated with continuous domiciliary oxygen for a six month period. The patients were evaluated 1, 3 and 6 months after the start of oxygen therapy. In addition to blood gas analysis, 15 coping skills were evaluated by the patient and by the nurse, who also rated the general activity of the patients. Depression was measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the start of the trial and after six months' oxygen therapy. The general psychosocial response was meagre; no significant changes were observed in any psychosocial measures. The response was slightly better in younger and less hypoxaemic patients. We conclude that the psychosocial response to oxygen therapy in severely hypoxaemic COPD patients is limited.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1987

Radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis following split-course radiation therapy for lung cancer. A radiologic and physiologic study.

Radiographic signs of radiation pneumonitis and fibrosis were assessed and pulmonary function monitored in lung cancer patients after two different split-course radiation therapy schedules, one with a rest interval of 3 weeks and the other with a rest interval of 5 weeks, the total radiation dose being the same in both treatments (55 Gy/20 fractions/7 or 9 weeks). Post-mortem findings were analysed when available. Spirometric measurement of vital capacity, determination of diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DL) and alveolar volume with the single breath technique, and determination of regional distribution of lung perfusion by two different techniques, radiospirometry and gamma camera digital display following intravenous injection of 133Xe, were carried out before and at various times after the completion of irradiation. Of the physiologic parameters, only DL showed a significant decrease 6 as well as 9 months post-treatment (p less than 0.05). No difference between the two treatment schedules could be shown with regard to grade or time pattern of radiologic changes or decrease in DL. The findings suggest that measurement of DL may be of value in monitoring patients included in research protocols for radiation therapy of lung cancer as well as in selection of patients for this treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Combination of oxitropium bromide and salbutamol in the treatment of asthma with pressurized aerosols.

The bronchodilator effect of a combination of 200 micrograms salbutamol and 200 micrograms oxitropium bromide, given as pressurized aerosols, was compared to that of 200 and 400 micrograms of salbutamol in a controlled experiment on adult patients with asthma. The combined and the high dose salbutamol treatments were equally effective with respect to the response measured 60 minutes after administration, and both were significantly superior to the low dose salbutamol treatment. Bronchodilation persisted longer following the combined treatment than following the low or high dose salbutamol treatment. The results suggest that enhancement of the early bronchodilator response obtained by adding oxitropium bromide to a conventional dose of salbutamol in patients with stable asthma reflects suboptimal dosing of salbutamol rather than differences between the agents in mechanisms of action, whereas enhancement in duration of response is related also to the pharmacological characteristics of oxitropium bromide.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Lack of protective effect of high-dose ipratropium on bronchoconstriction following exercise with cold air breathing in patients with mild asthma.

To evaluate the preventive effect of inhaled ipratropium powder on low-grade bronchoconstriction elicited by breathing cold air during exercise, we subjected 10 adult patients with mild asthma to four identical treadmill exercise tests. The temperature of inhaled air during exercise was -9 +/- 1 degree C. Sixty minutes before exercise, the patients inhaled either placebo or 0.2, 1, or 2 mg of ipratropium powder according to a cross-over, double-blind arrangement. The mean post-exercise fall from the post-treatment pre-exercise values in the four treatment groups was 14, 14, 16 and 16% for FEV1, and 59, 52, 52 and 55% for SGaw, respectively. We concluded that doses of ipratropium up to 20-50 times higher than those known to have a marked effect on resting bronchomotor tone in clinically stable asthma did not blunt the bronchoconstriction response following exercise with cold air breathing in our patients with mild asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

A controlled study on the effect of treatment with cromolyn sodium pressurized aerosol on bronchial reactivity in patients with asthma.

The effect of cromolyn sodium (CS) pressurized aerosol on bronchial hyperreactivity was assessed by comparison with placebo in a double-blind crossover study of 14 adult patients with clinically stable asthma. The trial was performed in a cold climate during the pollen-free winter months and the patient's risk of exposure to clinically relevant allergens was judged to be low. The dose was two puffs, each of 1 mg CS or placebo, four times daily over two successive 4-week periods, the order of treatment being decided by random allocation. No significant difference between treatments was observed in bronchial reactivity to histamine, determined as PC15. There was no difference between treatments with regard to symptoms, which were slight, or daily peak expiratory flow recordings, which showed minimal circadian variation. The results suggest that, although prolonged treatment with CS may decrease bronchial reactivity by reducing airway inflammation secondary to the assault of allergic stimuli, the drug probably has little or no effect on the basal bronchial reactivity in asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Surgical treatment of chronic laryngeal stenosis secondary to vocal cord paralysis: pre and postoperative evaluation of ventilatory function.

Thirteen patients with chronic laryngeal stenosis were operated upon with total excision of stenotic scar tissue, enlargement of the lumen by sectioning the back and front wall of the larynx, and application of an indwelling Teflon prosthesis for 4 months. The stenosis was in many cases caused by long-standing recurrent paralysis complicated by attempted surgical correction of the stenosis. Following operation, the specific airway conductance increased in all patients (mean +/- SD pre and postoperative values 0.51 +/- 0.30 and 1.12 +/- 0.51 kPa-1.s-1, respectively). The FIV1/FVC ratio was determined in 9 patients and an increase was postoperatively noted in all of them (mean +/- SD pre and postoperative values 43 +/- 17 and 76 +/- 13%, respectively). The physiological findings confirmed the excellent clinical results of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate and placebo in the treatment of adult patients with mild extrinsic asthma.

Sixty-four patients with mild of moderate extrinsic asthma were treated with placebo for 1 month and thereafter with ketotifen (1 mg twice daily, orally), disodium cromoglycate (inhalation of 20 mg, four times daily), or placebo for 2 subsequent months. The trial was performed at four different centres and the treatments were compared using double-blind technique. We found no difference between the effect of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate and placebo on the patients' daily measurements of evening peak expiratory flow, daily score values or respiratory symptoms of the number of salbutamol puffs required to control symptoms. There was no difference between the treatment groups with regard to the patients' estimates of changes in airway sensitivity to different non-specific stimuli: fumes, tobacco smoke, cold air, and exercise. The only significant effect of DSCG was a minor (4%) increase in the mean morning value for peak expiratory flow. The findings suggest that the addition of ketotifen or disodium cromoglycate to the regimen is unlikely to give further benefit in asthmatic patients, whose symptoms are reasonably well controlled by small doses of bronchodilating drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of pirbuterol and pirbuterol and hydroxyzine in patients with reversible airway obstruction.

The effects of single oral doses of pirbuterol 10 mg plus hydroxyzine 10 mg, and of pirbuterol 10 mg plus placebo, were compared in a single-blind cross-over trial in 17 adult patients with reversible airway obstruction. The initial bronchodilator response after the two treatments was similar, but mean specific airway conductance at 3, 4, 6 and 8 h, and mean FEV1 and FVC after 3 and 4 hours, were significantly higher after pirbuterol + hydroxyzine than after pirbuterol + placebo. The mean thoracic gas volume measured at 3 and 4 h was lower after pirbuterol + hydroxyzine. Heart rate, blood pressure and a continuous ECG record did not differ after the two treatments. The findings suggest that the combination of pirbuterol and hydroxyzine brings about more prolonged bronchodilatation in patients with reversible airway obstruction than does pirbuterol alone.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Preventive effect of ketotifen, a new antiallergic agent, on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics.

The preventive effect of ketotifen, a new drug with anti-histaminic and antiallergic properties, on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction was studied by open assessment in twenty-four adult patients with extrinsic asthma. A single oral dose of 1 mg ketotifen reduced the post-histamine mean drop in peak expiratory flow from 33 to 16% of the basal values (P less than 0.001). After a 4 weeks' regimen of 1 mg ketotifen twice daily the post-drug histamine-induced fall in PEF was further significantly reduced (P less than 0.001). Tests performed after 8 and 12 weeks of treatment showed no additional decrease in bronchial reactivity to histamine. Tests performed 1 week after cessation of treatment showed return of bronchial reactivity to the pretreatment level. The results suggest that a single dose of ketotifen has a marked preventive effect on histamine-induced bronchoconstriction and that this effect is enhanced during continued treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A controlled study on the preventive effect of ketotifen, an antiallergic agent, on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatics.

We studied the preventive effect of ketotifen, an oral drug with antianaphylactic and antihistaminic properties on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in controlled cross-over experiments in twenty-six adult patients with extrinsic asthma. Both a single dose of 1 mg ketotifen and 4 weeks treatment of ketotifen, 1 mg twice daily, failed to reduce the methacholine-induced drop in peak expiratory flow. The spirometric findings remained unchanged during ketotifen treatment. There was no difference between treatments with ketotifen and placebo with regard to the patients assessment of the severity of asthma or airway sensitivity to tobacco smoke, fumes or dusts, or exercise. The results suggest that treatment during 4 weeks with ketotifen does not reduce unspecific broncial hyperreactivity in patients with extrinsic asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of ipratropium bromide and fenoterol on airway obstruction in chronic pulmonary tuberculosis.

Single-blind, cross-over comparison of standard doses of ipratropium bromide (2 puffs of 0.02 mg each) and fenoterol (2 puffs of 0.2 mg each) in 36 pairs of experiments in 6 patients with partially reversible airway obstruction, presumably secondary to chronic widespread pulmonary tuberculosis, revealed no difference between the drugs in bronchodilating effect, evaluated by peak-flow measurements and spirometry. The inhalation of isoprenaline at the end of the experiment induced no further improvement in the lung function variables measured. The results suggest that a vagal reflex mechanism plays a major role in bronchoconstriction connected with severe chronic pulmonary tuberculosis.

Adult↗