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Biomedical subjects

H Robin

Publications and source records attributed to H Robin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Spinal deformities in Marfan disease].

Spinal deformities are frequent in Marfan's disease. 37 patients were examined at the average age of 11 years. 32 showed a spinal deformity. The treatment of the spinal deformity was a brace in 15 cases, surgery in 16 cases (including 5 cases after brace-failure). 7 cases were just followed-up without treatment. Bracing was efficient only for mild curves, this treatment was satisfying 4 times out of 11 with adequate follow-up. The surgical treatment in 16 cases was a posterior fusion twice associated with anterior fusion. We used the same technique as for idiopathic scoliosis with Harrington instrumentation 5 times, Harrington with sublaminar wires 4 times and Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation 7 times. The correction of scoliosis was achieved in 48.2 per cent. The use of segmental instrumentation compared with the use of the Harrington instrumentation can explain the small number of non unions and the improvement of the lateral spinal balance. We did not note any cardiovascular complication during or early after the operation. Aortic lesions were responsible of one death in the long term, three patients went through a surgical replacement of aortic valves or the aorta.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Preventive chemo-antibiotic treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis in planned open eyeball surgery. Apropos of 2,337 cases].

A protocol combining chemoprophylaxis and antibioprophylaxis has been used since January 1st, 1990 for all patients (2,337 cases) undergoing planned open eyeball surgery (except emergencies). The chemoprophylaxis is local, by eyedrops (picloxidin) during the days before surgery, and by eyewash of the conjunctival cul-de-sac with iodized polyvidone immediately before surgery. The systemic antibioprophylaxis associates two bactericidal antibiotics with a wide spectrum and good intraocular penetration, active on 89 to 90% of the bacteria incriminated in postoperative endophthalmitis: a ureidopenicillin, piperacillin, and a fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin; the adverse effects are minimal. Although the sample size does not allow statistical, analysis the results of this study (the absence of any endophthalmitis) are very encouraging in comparison with those of the literature, those of the same department during the years before the protocol, and those of the other departments in the same hospital which carry out the same surgery under the same conditions.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Anterosuperior instability of the shoulder. Apropos of a case].

One case of antero superior instability, isolated, without traumatic history, revealed by blocking when raising arm in internal rotation, without hyperlaxity is reported. The radiographs in blocking position, on axillary view, revealed an asymetric antero superior subluxation of the humeral head, superimposed with the horizontal portion of the coracoid. During operative procedure by a deltopectoral approach, there was a gap between anterior border of the supraspinatus and the superior border of the subscapularis, increasing in internal rotation. A coracoidoplasty was made, in association with a stay suture between supraspinatus and subscapularis. The follow up was nineteen months, the result was good, with a stable and painfree shoulder and a normal motion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Influence of blood carbon dioxide pressure on growth index values in non-radiometric Bactec vials.

The influence of blood carbon dioxide pressure on growth index values yielded by the Bactec NR 660 system was evaluated. Growth index values of 1,175 Bactec blood culture vials collected from 293 patients were related to blood pCO2 and leukocyte concentrations. Thirty-three blood cultures were considered false-positive. These were significantly more frequently encountered in hypercapnia patients (5.4%) than in hypocapnia patients (1.7%) or normal patients (2.5%). There was no relationship between the growth index values and leukocyte concentrations.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

Electroimmunoassay of human serum lipoproteins containing Apo A-I by monoclonal antibodies.

Three monoclonal antibodies to human serum apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I (4A12, 4B11 and 2G11) were produced by Sanofi. They were directed to three distinct epitopes of the Apo A-I molecule, present on the surface of the lipoprotein particles. They were able to precipitate individually some lipoprotein units from the serum. Only the mixture of the three monoclonal antibodies could allow a precipitation of all Apo A-I containing particles. An electroimmunoassay using this oligoclonal mixture was assessed to standardize the Apo A-I measurement in serum. Results agreed well with those obtained by electroimmunoassays using polyclonal antisera. Moreover no pretreatment of serum samples with dissociating agents or detergents was required. Therefore, this specific, rapid (7-8 h), precise (within- and between-assay precisions were 4.25 and 3.1%, respectively) immunoassay is routinely available for apolipoprotein A-I measurement in serum.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Competitive enzyme inhibition immunoassay of apolipoprotein A-I: use of monoclonal antibodies.

An original competitive enzyme inhibition immunoassay has been developed for determination of total apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) in serum and in plasma. This specific assay involves a single monoclonal antibody (F59 4A12 2F4, directed to the -COOH terminal region of the apo A-I molecule) and a stable secondary plasma standard. Delipidation of serum samples exposed no additional antigenic sites, which suggests that all the apo A-I molecules express the epitope detected by Mab 4A12 on the surface of the apo A-I-containing particles. Within- and between-run CVs were, respectively, 6.1% and 7.5% at a 1.47 g/L concentration of apo A-I, 7.1% and 8.2% at 1.21 g/L, and 6.5% and 7.3% at 1.80 g/L. Results (y) correlated with those obtained with an electroimmunoassay (x), in which we used a mixture of three monoclonal antibodies, including Mab 4A12, as follows: y = 250x - 7, r = 0.744, P less than 0.001.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Monoclonal antibodies to human apolipoprotein A-I: characterization and application as structural probes for apolipoprotein A-I and high density lipoprotein.

Three mouse monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) to human apo A-I were produced using apolipoprotein A-I or HDL3 as immunogens. These monoclonal antibodies, 2G11, 4A12 and 4B11, were characterized for their reactivity with isolated apolipoprotein A-I and HDL in solution. The immunoblotting patterns of the HDL3 two-dimensional electrophoresis show that these three monoclonal antibodies reacted with all the polymorphic forms of apolipoprotein A-I. Cotitration experiments indicated that they correspond to three distinct epitopes. In order to locate these three antigenic determinants on the isolated apolipoprotein A-I, the reactivity of the three monoclonal antibodies has been studied on CNBr-cleaved apolipoprotein A-I. The monoclonal antibodies 2G11 and 4A12 addressed to the amino (CNBr 1) and carboxy (CNBr 4) terminal segments, respectively. In comparison with the monoclonal antibodies characterized by Weech et al. ((1985) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 835, 390-401), monoclonal antibody 4A12 is the only one described in the literature which is specific of the carboxy terminal segment of apolipoprotein A-I. Monoclonal antibody 4B11 does not react with any CNBr fragment, its binding is temperature dependent, it could be directed to a conformational epitope. Relative differences were demonstrated in the expression of the three epitopes in HDL subfractions isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. According to Curtiss and Edgington ((1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 2982-2993) our results indicate the existence of an immunochemical heterogeneity in the organization of apolipoprotein A-I at the surface of HDL particles as well as in the soluble form of apolipoprotein A-I.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of the Technicon H-1 hematology analyser.

The Technicon H-1 is a new, random-access hematology instrument performing a full blood count with leukocyte differential including eosinophils and basophils. Technical assessment showed good linearity and precision. Comparison with a Coulter S-PLUS (II) showed close correlation for all full blood count parameters except MPV and MCHC on 149 unselected hospital inpatients over a wide clinical range. No significant carry-over was detected in hemoglobin, red cell, white cell and platelet estimations. Differentials agreed closely with Technicon H6000 results for neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils. Poorer correlation with 100-cell manual differentials for all cell types except neutrophils probably reflects the relative lack of precision in manual methods. Technological innovations on the H-1 include a laser-based optical system from which several new hematological parameters are derived. The contribution they make towards improved patient care awaits assessment.

Blood Cell Count↗
PubMed1985

Automated enumeration of reticulocytes using acridine orange.

Manual methods of counting reticulocytes using supravital stains, such as new methylene blue, have long been recognized to be subject to technical errors. Automated reticulocyte enumeration has recently become available with the development of an automated cell flow-cytometer, the Ortho Spectrum III. In this method a fluorescent dye, acridine orange, which stains RNA in a manner similar to supravital stains, is used to distinguish reticulocytes from mature erythrocytes. We have evaluated this technique and found that it compares favourably with manual counting methods.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1982

A study of the true competitive protein binding of current vitamin B12 radioassays.

The use of purified intrinsic factor in vitamin B12 radioassays has greatly reduced the misdiagnosis of pernicious anaemia in recent years, but anomalies still occur. Observations made on current vitamin B12 radioassays suggest that many methods fail to convert all serum cobalamins to cyanocobalamin and thus are not true competitive protein binding assays. No KCN in the extraction buffer resulted in an average 30% reduction in the vitamin B12 level in normal sera. High concentrations of KCN caused a significant increase in the vitamin B12 level in serum from most vitamin B12 deficient patients. This increase could have caused a misdiagnosis in 7 of 12 patients studied. The specificity of (57Co) cyanocobalamin binding to both transcobalamin II (TCII) in a pool of normal sera and to intrinsic factor in a commercial kit binder reagent was 99%. We conclude that the KCN concentration in the extraction mixture should be between 2 and 5 mg/l.

Anemia, Pernicious↗
PubMed1982

Folate assays--an alternative to microbiological assays and commercial kits.

A simple and reliable folate radioassay technique based on the principles of classic folate radioassays but incorporating several of the recently introduced technical innovations is presented as an alternative to the microbiological assays and commercial kits. Serum and red cell folate values from this method were compared with results from two commercial kits and a Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) assay. There was a good correlation with the L. casei assay for both serum and red cell folate (r = 0.95). The method uses N-methyltetrahydrofolate standards diluted in folate free serum, beta-lactoglobulin as a binder and an alkaline denaturation ('no-boil') of endogenous folate binding proteins. Low hematocrit lysates were best performed at a 1 in 10 rather than 1 in 20 dilution. A comparison of the boil and 'no-boil' kits from Diagnostic Products Corporation revealed that the 'no-boil' kit produced results closer to those obtained from the L. casei assay than the boil kit.

Biological Assay↗