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Biomedical subjects

H Rousseau

Publications and source records attributed to H Rousseau.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

["Wallstent" endo-urethral prosthesis in recurrent stenoses of the urethra].

Urethral strictures recur in about 30% of the cases whatever the treatment. We describe a new urethral stent, originally developed in our Institution for vascular use after transluminal angioplasty. Since January 1986, we have controlled the biocompatibility and tolerance in the normal urethra of dogs with a one year follow-up. The stent has a braided structure, made of fine stainless steel wires and is self-expanding when released from a special endoscopic instrument. From November 1987, we have implanted the stent into 11 males (mean age 54 years), after previous urethrotomy. In two patients a second stent was implanted for incomplete result. Now, with a mean follow-up of 12 months, all patients have recovered normal micturition and only two complain slight stress incontinence.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Value of x-ray computed tomography in muscular pathology. Personal cases and review of the literature].

The authors have studied the advantage of CT scans in muscular pathology. The scan, in addition to the diagnosis of tumors and muscular abscesses, permits to differentiate primary myopathies from neurogenic atrophies: in the course of myopathies, the muscle volume is preserved and they appear as a hypodensity; in neurogenic atrophies, the muscle volume is reduced with preserved density. The CT scan permits to determine the extension of these lesions. In the course of polymyositis, certain forms of rheumatoid arthritis, the scan discloses a trabecular and "worm-eaten" aspect of the muscles. This is also observed after long-term steroid therapy and other endocrine diseases (hyperthyroidism, osteomalacia) indicating an infra-clinical myopathy. In vertebral osteoporosis with fractures and patients with chronic lumbalgia, very often, an atrophy of the spinal muscle is observed. Finally, in the course of acquired kyphosis of the adult patient (camptocormia), the CT scan suggest an isolated myopathy, with late manifestations, of the paravertebral muscles.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Iconography of Buschke Ollendorff syndrome: x ray computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance of osteopoikilosis].

The authors report a case of Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome in a 66-year old woman who had been admitted for polymyalgia rheumatica. Dermatological examination showed innumerable small ivory papullae bilaterally and symmetrically distributed over the back, the shoulders, the flexor aspect of the elbows, the wrists and the thighs. Biopsy of a papulla displayed hypertrophy of the elastic tissue condensed in the deep dermis. Electron microscopy showed dense collagen bundles together with an absence of microfibillae and of anchoring fibres in the superficial dermis. Standard radiology, computed tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) disclosed small areas of "stippled" bone densification in the lower middle part of the femoral heads, leading to a diagnosis of osteopoikilosis. Buschke-Ollendorff syndrome was described in 1928 as "dermatofibrosis lenticularis disseminata" associated with a bone-condensing disease called "osteopoikilosis". The condition is transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Light and electron microscopy of the skin show densification of collagen structures and elastic fibres that are very numerous and of abnormal structure. Osteopoikilosis may present under two different forms, punctate (Albers-Schomberg syndrome) or striated, corresponding anatomically to areas of compact bone. CT and NMR provide detailed information on the location and structure of bone condensation area.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of three techniques for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical specimens from asymptomatic women.

Culture in DEAE-dextran-treated HeLa 229 cells, a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Chlamydiazyme; Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Ill.), and a direct immunofluorescence test (DFA) (MicroTrak; Syva Co., Palo Alto, Calif.) were compared for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in endocervical specimens from 715 asymptomatic women. Response to antibiotic therapy was also monitored at least 4 weeks after completion of therapy. An additional sample was collected at a control visit, and a second culture was performed if discrepancies were observed between the three tests. A total of 48 infections were diagnosed, for a prevalence of 6.7%. At the first visit, 37 specimens were positive by culture. The respective sensitivities of EIA and DFA were 78.4 and 81.1% and the respective specificities were 96.8 and 97.9% when compared with the cell culture technique. The positive predictive values were 56.9 and 68.2%, respectively. When the additional 11 infections detected by the second culture were included to establish a new standard of positivity, the sensitivity of the first culture was estimated at 77.1%. The positive predictive values of EIA and DFA increased to 77.6 and 83.7%, respectively. EIA and DFA performed as well as culture for control of therapy; a 100% agreement among the three techniques was observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Self-expanding endovascular prosthesis: an experimental study.

A new type of endovascular prosthesis was inserted in 28 animals and evaluated for several factors, including thrombogenicity, tendency to migrate, critical implant zones, and incorporation into the vascular wall. The new prosthesis is a woven, multifilament structure of stainless steel alloy; its inherent elastic, self-expanding characteristics hold it against the vessel walls. Forty-seven endoprostheses (3-5 mm in diameter, 15-50 mm long) were percutaneously implanted with either a 6-F introducer sheath, a coaxial 9-F catheter, or a 0.014-inch (0.036-cm) guide wire into the femoropopliteal, coronary, carotid, and renal arteries and iliac veins. Anticoagulant or platelet antiaggregating agents were not used before or after implantation. Angiographic and histologic analyses showed that the prosthesis had a very low thrombogenicity when it was well adapted to the native vessel diameter and that it was incorporated into the vessel wall by a new intima by the 3d week after implantation. No migration occurred, and branch vessel flow was preserved even in those vessels in which ostia were traversed by the prosthesis. This prosthesis has potential for clinical application in the treatment of postangioplasty restenoses, particularly in the coronary arteries.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ureteral metastases--computed tomographic findings.

CT findings in three cases of ureteral metastases are reported. Metastases to the ureter is an uncommon cause of the upper urinary tract obstruction. The most common primary sites include breast, stomach and neoplasms from pelvic organs. Radiographic studies revealed an ureteral stenosis in all the presenting cases. CT scans demonstrated a thickened regular ureteral wall at the level of the narrowing and no other abnormalities of the retroperitoneum. Such CT features suggest the possibility of ureteral metastases in a patient with the appropriate clinical setting. Histological studies, whenever possible, must confirm these radiographic findings. Early recognition of ureteral metastases and appropriate treatment for relief of urinary tract obstruction may prolong survival time.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Recurrent pheochromocytoma: intrarenal and pulmonary spread.

A case of intrarenal malignant pheochromocytoma, closely resembling hypernephroma radiologically, is presented. This tumor with 2 other pulmonary masses, recurred 12 years after ablation of an adrenal pheochromocytoma and extended into the inferior vena cava.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transjugular intrahepatic portocaval shunt after thrombus disruption in partially thrombosed portal veins.

Portal vein (PV) thrombosis increases the risk of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension. Its presence also complicates PV access during transjugular porto-caval shunt (TIPS) placement. We overcame this obstacle by using ultrasound (US) guidance for PV entry. Clot disruption by balloon catheters was then performed before placing the vascular endoprostheses for portal-venous shunting. We treated 3 cirrhotic patients in such fashion with good clinical results. Portal thrombi progressively disappeared after shunting due to both balloon disruption and the rise in portal blood flow velocity.

Catheterization↗
PubMedDate not supplied

TIPS for portal decompression to allow palliative treatment of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

We describe a case in which a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) was inserted to enable palliative treatment of an adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. The cirrhotic patient presented with esophageal varices in contact with a tumor of the esophagus. By relieving portal pressure, TIPS reduced the risk of hemorrhage during laser resection and prevented recurrence of esophageal varices.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

External iliac vein stenosis after segmental pancreatic transplantation: treatment by percutaneous endoprosthesis.

A stenosis of the iliac vein secondary to a fluid collection in a pancreas transplant was identified by color Doppler flow sonography. The pancreatic venous drainage was reversed to the contralateral iliac veins via venous collaterals. After two unsuccessful angioplasties of the vein stenosis, a Wallstent was positioned above the venous anastomosis, and has remained patent for 8 months. The pancreatic venous drainage became normal after the procedure.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Midterm results of renal artery stenting.

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has become the treatment of choice for major renal artery stenosis. Nonetheless, about 10% of renal artery stenoses cannot be properly dilated, and among the patients successfully dilated, 10%-15% had a recurrence. Renal artery stenting was used in 21 patients in cases of insufficient results after PTA: persisting significant stenosis after a primary or several PTAs (15 cases), recurrences (9 cases). Follow-up in all patients was from 12 months to 4 years. Implantation was performed without any problems but the low radioopacity of the stent makes placement difficult in obese patients, particularly for ostial lesions. There was no major complication except occlusion of a segmental branch of the renal artery in 1 case. Radiological controls have shown a preserved patency in all cases except 2, which present restenosis inside the stent by intimal hyperplasia. A significant clinical improvement was obtained in 90% of cases. These results suggest that the endovascular prosthesis represents an important adjunct to renal PTA.

Angioplasty, Balloon↗