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Biomedical subjects

H Roux

Publications and source records attributed to H Roux.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatology].

The authors report their experience with magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatology, established on more than 250 examinations. The method seems interesting for the study of discal and somatic spine diseases, and especially for the evaluation of tumor extension, the diagnosis of herniated disc, the diagnosis of spondylodiscitis, the exploration of the cervico-occipital joint. As compared to tomodensitometry, this method presents at the same time advantages and drawbacks. Peripherally, magnetic resonance imaging is useful for the exploration of bony tumors and evaluation of their extension. It gives excellent images of the knees and the hips where it seems to improve the results of tomodensitometry and bony scintigraphy in the diagnosis of osteonecrosis. It is likely that advances will broaden the scope of the indications and capabilities of this method.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

[Liver complications caused by D-penicillamine. Apropos of a case].

The complications of D-penicillamine are rare. It generally consists of reversible cholestatic hepatitis which may, however, be fatal. The authors report a typical case with a benign outcome and with concomitant signs of cutaneous intolerance with eosinophilia. The definite role of D-penicillamine was confirmed by the re-introduction of the drug.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

[Role of phagocytic cells in rheumatoid polyarthritis].

Three groups of subjects were selected for this study. Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosed according to the criteria of the ARA (mean: 6 criteria) and treated with gold salts. Control subjects treated with one type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (diclofenac). Healthy subjects receiving no treatment. The granulocytes and monocytes in the peripheral blood were tested separately for the ingestion of 3 types of particles and for the stimulation of the production of the superoxide anion. In the patients with rheumatoid arthritis, all of the phagocytic cells had a normal phagocytic response and a normal superoxide anion production. The serum of the patients did not inhibit the activity of these cells. Diclofenac did not act on phagocytosis or on the oxidative activity of the control cells. It is therefore logical to consider that the phagocytic cells are involved in RA via other mechanisms of action.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Chronic neurogenic quadriceps amyotrophies.

Two cases of quadriceps amyotrophy, probably of chronic neurogenic origin are reported. Only the knee jerks were diminished, the calves hypertrophic, and the serum creatine kinase level very high in one case, and there were neurogenic electromyographic abnormalities in the quadriceps. In the first case, biopsy of the quadriceps muscle revealed a neurogenic origin with hyalinized hypertrophic fibres. CT scan showed abnormalities not only in the quadriceps but also in the sartorius, gracilis and gastrocnemius muscles. A second biopsy specimen from the gastrocnemius muscle showed histological findings similar to those of the quadriceps. In the second case, the EMG and biopsy findings suggested a myogenic origin, but 6 years later they were compatible with neurogenic atrophy. Differentiation from Becker dystrophy is very difficult in the first case and the second case is more a focal spinal amyotrophy. Further, in spite of their localization, the extension of the affected muscles changes the diagnosis. The same applies to chronic quadriceps amyotrophy in general, which cannot be regarded as an entity, but which suggests muscular dystrophy, spinal atrophy, polymyositis or a metabolic disorder. These cases can be compared with the four cases reported in the literature, which were regarded as a "forme fruste" of chronic spinal amyotrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Monocytes and granulocytes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA): phagocytic activity and superoxide anion production.

It is suggested by many tests that phagocytic cells were implied in inflammation which occurred during rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Further, three subject populations were selected for this study: Rheumatoid arthritis patients diagnosed according to American Rheumatism Association criteria (ARA mean = 6) and treated with gold compounds. Control subjects treated with the same non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), diclofenac (75 mg per day). Normal subjects without disease or treatment. Blood granulocytes and monocytes were separately tested for ingestion of three different particle species (opsonized zymosan, immunoglobulin G sheep red cells, glutaraldehyde-treated sheep red cells) and stimulation of superoxide anion production by these particles. All phagocytic cells in RA patients have normal phagocytic response and superoxide anion production. Autologous serum does not inhibit the activity of these cells. In addition the NSAID (diclofenac) does not act upon phagocytosis and oxidative burst of control cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Antiplatelet antibodies of the IgM class detected by ELISA in the serum of 20 patients with rheumatoid polyarthritis. Inverse correlation with the presence of anti-B lymphocyte antibodies].

In an earlier study, the authors demonstrated IgM anti-B lymphocyte antibodies in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In an attempt to identify the target antigen, we studied the reactivity of these same sera to other cells, by means of a recently developed ELISA micro-method. 7 of the 20 sera contained IgM anti-platelet antibodies. There is an inverse correlation between the presence of anti-platelet antibodies and anti-B lymphocytes antibodies. The detection of anti-platelet antibodies in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis may correspond to the recognition of aggregated immunoglobulins or specific immune complexes bound to receptors on the surface of the platelets.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1984

[Anti-B-lymphocyte antibodies in rheumatoid polyarthritis. I.--1st findings in 22 patients].

Anti B and T lymphocyte antibodies were sought in the serum of 22 rheumatoid arthritis patients from the Marseille area. No immunization against T lymphocytes was found. In contrast anti B lymphocyte activity was demonstrated in every diluted serum tested against a panel of 21 cells. In these sera, the complement dependent cytotoxicity was of medium intensity (lysis - 50 to 90 percent), antibody titers were high (medium 1/512) and a zone phenomenon was observed in 14 out of 22 non-diluted sera. As a rule, serum reactivity was slightly higher at 4 degrees C than at 22 degrees or 37 degrees C but at the latter temperature, it seemed to be more related to the target cells than to the serum tested. These anti B lymphocyte antibodies were predominantly IgMs and were not autoantibodies. Their specificity is still under study but already appears to be wide and not HLA related. These antibodies reacted with 9 to 100 percent of the panel cells and 85 percent of the sera recognized over 50 percent of the cells. Thus the antigenic determinants were probably allotypes or idiotypes of Fab fragments from surface immunoglobulins of a B lymphocyte subpopulation. Thus far, no relationship has been demonstrated between the presence or the titer of these antibodies and clinical, biological or genetic features of rheumatoid arthritis. In the future, this method should simplify the detection of Ig seric groups. It already allows detection of antiglobulin factors which could play an immunoregulatory role in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Acute ajmaline poisoning. Study of 7 cases].

Seven cases of acute ajmaline overdose admitted over a 3 year period to a polyvalent intensive care unit are reported. The severity of this condition is related to the membrane stabilising and depolarising effects of ajmaline on the myocardium. The dose ingested varied from 10 to 40 mg/kg. The delay between ingestion and hospital admission ranged from 3 to 6 1/2 hours. The first cardiac disturbances can appear one hour after ingestion. Three cardiac arrests and one hypovolemic shock occurred. Three atrioventricular blocks, six intraventricular blocks, three ventricular tachycardias, and six prolongations of the QT interval were observed. Serum ajmaline levels varied from 0,8 to 6 mg/l. Symptomatic therapy was mainly based on sodium, temporary cardiac pacing, external DC shock, sympathomimetics and external cardiac massage with assisted ventilation. Cardiac bypass should be a part of the therapeutic arsenal. Elimination of the drug is assisted by a complete digestive evacuation. Renal or extrarenal dialysis is not indicated. One of the seven patients died. Prophylaxis is based on the non-prescription of ajmaline for benign cardiac disturbances.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Plasma exchange and rheumatoid polyarthritis with vasculitis. Apropos of 6 case reports].

The authors present six cases of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) complicated by vasculitis of varying clinical presentation: 2 cases of polyneuritis, 5 cases of skin lesions (dry gangrene, ulcers, purpura). The severity of the clinical picture required, in addition to the usual treatment (corticosteroids, immunosuppressants), plasma exchanges. A clinical stabilisation was obtained in every case with good tolerance. The development of a vasculitis would appear to be the prime indication for the use of plasma exchange in rheumatoid arthritis.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1982

[Ankylosing spondylitis. Comparative trial of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: pirprofen and ketoprofen].

In this double blind, crossover trial, 40 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were treated during two successive periods of 4 weeks each with either pirprofen 800 mg/day or ketoprofen 300 mg/day administered orally in a randomized order. The efficacy of pirprofen and ketoprofen was comparable, the results, as assessed by the clinician, were excellent or satisfactory in 53% of both groups. Pirprofen was well tolerated by 71% of the patients and ketoprofen by 59%.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

HLA-DR typing in 58 cases of rheumatoid arthritis.

The results of a previous study led us to believe that the association of HLA-DR4 and rheumatoid arthritis could be of particular interest in our region. In this work we typed 58 caucasoid patients in the Marseilles area by microlymphocytotoxicity assay in B-cells. HLA-DR4 was found to be at the same level as that observed by the authors in the 8th Workshop of histocompatibility (1980) (X2:32.36, P less than 0.001) and very high in the seropositive patients (61.5 per cent). No correlation with sex was observed. We again found a low frequency of HLA-DR4 (15.8 per cent) in our controls.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1981

[Demonstration of a subpopulation of T-lymphocytes by a monoclonal lymphocytotoxic antibody produced by cellular hybridization in slightly developed rheumatoid arthritis].

The lymphocytes from 20 cases of mild rheumatoid arthritis have been explored thanks to a monoclonal antibody found in a murine hybridoma of specificity I-E/Ck, "cross-reacting" with the human molecules HLA-DR+. A slight increase in the lymphocyte subpopulation T-DR+ is found, representing 25.15% versus 18.5% of the lymphocytes T isolated by rosettes in the normal subject. These cells correspond to a subpopulation of T lymphocytes whose immunologic function remains to be defined.

Animals↗