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Biomedical subjects

H S Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to H S Hansen.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Phorbol ester and vasopressin activate phospholipase D in Leydig cells.

In the present study evidence is provided for the existence of phospholipase D (PLD) activity in rat Leydig cells. Leydig cells were cultured and labelled with [3H]myristic acid. In the presence of ethanol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol ([3H]PEt) in a dose-dependent manner at the expense of [3H]phosphatidic acid ([3H]PA). In cells prelabelled with [3H]choline, PMA caused a rapid increase in intracellular free [3H]choline. The time course of [3H]PEt formation was similar to the time course of intracellular [3H]choline formation. The data taken together support the notion that PMA stimulates phosphatidylcholine (PC) hydrolysis by a mechanism, which principally involves PLD. Activation of PLD by PMA was inhibited by long-term pretreatment of cells with PMA to downregulate protein kinase C (PKC) and by pretreatment with staurosporine. These data support the notion that activation of PLD by PMA is dependent on PKC. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) caused a rapid stimulation of PLD activity in the cells. This activation was inhibited after down-regulation of PKC, indicating that the agonist acts by a mechanism similar to that of PMA.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Bilateral carcinoma of the external auditory meatus.

A 65-year-old woman had suffered for two months from bilateral tinnitus and discharge, pain in the right ear, and loss of hearing. Biopsy showed carcinoma of the squamous type on both sides. Tomography revealed bone destruction on the right. The patient was treated with radiotherapy. Two months after treatment, tomography showed tumour regression on the right side, but progression on the left. The literature on this subject is reviewed.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Ribosome-inhibiting proteins from in vitro cultures of Phytolacca dodecandra.

Phytolacca dodecandra (L'Herit) grown in cell cultures was investigated for content of ribosome-inhibiting proteins, which was evaluated by measuring inhibition of protein synthesis in a cell-free rat liver extract. Calli initiated from leaf, cotyledon, radicle, and hypocotyl and suspension cells initiated from leaf and cotyledon exhibited protein synthesis-inhibiting activity. Ribosome-inhibiting proteins were purified at least 14 times from suspension cells of P. dodecandra. The purified protein fraction contained two proteins as seen by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The relative molecular masses were 30,000 and 31,000 and they showed a pI greater than 9.3. These new RIP's were shown to be different from dodecandrin with respect to molecular mass.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Radiocesium bioavailability: transfer of Chernobyl and tracer radiocesium to goat milk.

The bioavailability of Chernobyl-derived radiocesium in hay, fungal fruit bodies, willow bark, and soil was compared to tracer radiocesium (134CsCl) by measuring transfer coefficients (Fm) to goat milk. The average Fm value from 134CsCl of 11.9 x 10(-2) d L-1 was taken to represent the maximal transfer to milk on the provided diet. In 1986, the Fm value from hay was 35% of that from 134CsCl, thus demonstrating the low bioavailability of recently deposited radiocesium. Values in 1987 were also lower, with a mean of 76% of that from tracer Cs. During 1988 and 1989, maximal Fm values were observed, suggesting increased bioavailability from the year of fallout to the following years. Transfer of radiocesium from two fungal species harvested in 1988 and 1989 were 78% and 87%, respectively, of that from tracer Cs, while bark was lower (62%). Transfer from organic soil was only 7% of tracer radiocesium, and therefore contribution from soil ingestion could only have a small impact on the content of radiocesium in animals. Live monitoring measurements and the excretion of 134Cs in milk, urine, and feces during a 50-d period was adequately described by a two-exponential equation.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated at the Finsen Institute, Copenhagen 1965-1985: survival and some prognostic factors.

Clinical data from 218 patients consecutively treated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma at the Finsen Institute in Copenhagen during the period 1965 through 1985 have been analyzed for factors of prognostic importance. Of the 218 patients, 47 were Greenland Inuit eskimos and 169 were white Danish. The 5-year crude survival for the entire group of patients was 30%. The two groups of patients differed with respect to the importance of different prognostic factors. Keratinizing tumors were only present in the Danish population. These patients had a highly significant worse outcome than the rest of the Danish (P less than 0.00001). Age, stage, and T classification were important prognostic factors in the Danish population, but not in the Inuit population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Central nervous system involvement in human immunodeficiency virus disease. A prospective study including neurological examination, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.

Sixty-seven patients with different stages of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (47 CDC group IV, 20 CDC groups II or III) were followed prospectively for a median of 18 months with neurological examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computerized tomography (CT) to evaluate the incidence of the AIDS dementia complex (CDC definition) and other neurological complications. Ten patients developed CNS opportunistic infection or malignancy. Among the remaining 57 patients, 12 of 37 (32%) belonging to CDC group IV, and 1 of 20 (5%) belonging to CDC groups II/III developed the AIDS dementia complex (p = 0.03). MRI white matter lesions occurred in 32% of CDC group IV patients and 5% of CDC groups II/III patients (p = 0.03). The corresponding figures for brain atrophy at CT were 71% and 30% (p less than 0.01) and for neurologic signs 49% and 20% (p = 0.06). The development of the AIDS dementia complex was significantly associated with the occurrence of MRI white matter lesions and a CD4 cell count of less than 200 x 10(6)/l, whereas it was not statistical significantly associated with brain atrophy at baseline. It is concluded that the AIDS dementia complex is a common feature of late stage HIV infection. Brain atrophy occurs in a large percentage of HIV infected patients, but the clinical significance of this atrophy is not clear.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1990

[High Dose Rate 192Ir-Microselectron].

The HDR 192Ir-Microselectron is a new high-dose-rate remote afterloading apparatus using a small 192Ir source with very high activity, 370 GBq (10 Ci). The size of the source permits treatment through catheters with diameters as small as 1.9 mm. This makes it possible to give endobronchial treatment to lung-cancer patients through a fibrebronchoscope in local anaesthesia. Preliminary results of treating cancer of the oesophagus, -prostate, -head and neck and breast cancers are promising. In addition the HDR 192Ir-Microselectron seems to have a promising potential in the treatment of several other tumours, especially in treating nonresectable intraabdominal tumours intraoperatively.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[Sickle-cell anemia and anesthesia].

On account of immigration there are now groups in the Danish population, which should be tested for sickle-cell disorders before anaesthesia. In certain other countries patients of negro or arabian anchestry are sickle tested. Specific diagnosis of sickle-cell disorders is made only by haemoglobin electrophoresis. Sickle-cell crises are commonly precipitated by infection, dehydration, cold, hypoxia and acidosis. Before anaesthesia the patient must be free from intercurrent infection and well hydrated. During anaesthesia it is important to avoid hypoxia, hypotension, cold and venous stasis. Either general or regional anaesthesia may be used. Controlled oxygen therapy must be continued well into the postoperative period.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of malignant tumors in the parotid glands.

This study is a review of 105 patients with histologically confirmed salivary gland carcinoma in the parotid glands. The patients were consecutively registered at the Radium Centre of Copenhagen from 1971 to 1980. The different treatment modalities of these patients are examined concerning recurrence and survival. Sixty-two patients obtained local tumor control, 36 of them were in the group of patients treated with a combination of surgery and irradiation therapy. Twenty-five patients developed distant metastasis, and six patients had disseminated disease at the time of diagnosis. The overall 5-year crude survival in this report is 46%. Tumors of the parotid salivary glands must not be neglected, as early diagnosis and treatment are vital in order to achieve better results.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Fish oil versus arachis oil food supplementation in relation to pregnancy duration in rats.

Throughout pregnancy, Lewis rats were fed standard rat chow supplemented with 15% (w/w) of either MaxEPA fish oil (FO) or arachis oil (AO); a third group was fed standard rat chow only (St) (n = 15, 15, and 16 rats, respectively). Compared to AO-rats, FO-rats had substantially higher levels of n-3 fatty acids and lower levels of n-6 fatty acids in maternal and fetal tissues at delivery. FO-rats had a longer average gestational age than AO-rats (p less than 0.01), primarily due to a high proportion of AO-rats with short gestations. Birthweights of FO-rats were lower than those of AO-rats (p less than 0.05), which may be related to the lower maternal weight gain during pregnancy and the lower food consumption observed in FO-rats (p less than 0.01). Litter size and occurrence of stillborn pups were not significantly different in the groups (p greater than 0.1). The findings are compatible with the hypothesis that gestational age is positively related to a high dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Stage I glottic carcinoma: an analysis of tumour recurrence after primary radiotherapy.

During the period 1978-82, 145 patients with Stage I glottic carcinoma had primary radiotherapy at the Finsen Institute in Copenhagen. Of these, 35 patients developed recurrence, corresponding to a local control rate of 76%. Following salvage surgery a further 14% of the patients became free of disease for a minimum follow-up of 3 1/2 years or until death. A total local control rate of 90% was obtained. Possible prognostic factors in patients developing local recurrence following radiotherapy were assessed. No reliable predictor of treatment failure could be identified: sex, age, haemoglobin concentration, smoking and drinking habits, tumour stage, location, size and differentiation, were all found to be of no significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fungi: a major source of radiocesium contamination of grazing ruminants in Norway.

Transfer of radiocesium from vegetation to milk was studied in dairy goats grazing heavily contaminated mountain pasture in southern Norway in the years following the Chernobyl accident. Radiocesium activity in milk and green vegetation remained stable throughout 1986 and 1987. In 1988, a sudden three- to fivefold increase in milk radioactivity occurred during the second half of the summer. Whole-body content of radioactivity in sheep and reindeer also increased rapidly. This coincided with an abundant growth of fungal fruit bodies with radiocesium levels up to 100 times higher than green vegetation. Fungal radiocesium was found to be highly available in a digestibility study with goats. Milk radioactivity levels in the field could be accounted for by consumption of as little as 20-100 g d-1 of fungal dry matter (DM). The importance of fungal fruit bodies in transferring radiocesium to ruminants was further substantiated by comparing meat activities in grazing ruminants in 1988 and 1989. Fungal fruit bodies were present in minor quantities in 1989, and radioactivity levels in sheep and reindeer in August-September were only 28-35% of those in 1988. This ability of fungi to mobilize radiocesium from natural soils and transfer the isotopes into the human food chain greatly enhances the vulnerability of food production in natural ecosystems to radiocesium pollution.

Accidents↗
PubMed1990

Blood pressure distribution in a school-age population aged 8-10 years: the Odense Schoolchild Study.

This paper describes the distribution of systolic and diastolic blood pressures in a homogeneous population of 1330 schoolchildren (81% of the eligible population) aged 8-10 years in Odense, Denmark. A single blood pressure measurement was made. No significant difference in mean blood pressure between the sexes could be demonstrated. A significant age-related increase in systolic blood pressure of 4.4 mmHg/year and in diastolic blood pressure of 3.4 mmHg/year was observed. Weight and the heart rate were important determinants of blood pressure level. Other positive determinants were age and triceps skinfold thickness. There was a significant association between diastolic blood pressure and sexual maturation, which seemed to depend on body weight.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1990

Advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

Out of 676 patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in stage III or IV, 673 patients received primary radiotherapy, either alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy. A significantly better survival with loco-regional control was obtained for women than for men. Also, the tumour size was of significant importance, as a better survival with loco-regional control was seen for tumours below 4 cm in largest diameter than for larger tumours. A similar advantage was seen as regards T1 and T2 tumours. There was no difference with regard to the patients' ages, tumour location, node status, or tumour stage III or IV. At 10 years, the crude survival for the total group of stage III and IV patients was 17%, corrected survival 38%.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity. An unselected material from a 5-year period.

Three hundred and four patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity were treated at the Finsen Institute in cooperation with the ENT-surgical departments between 1978 and 1982. The primary treatment consisted of radiotherapy alone in 74%, surgery alone in 4%, and a combination of radiotherapy and surgery in 15% of the patients. Two per cent received other treatment (cryotherapy), 5% did not complete the planned radiotherapy, and 1% were not treated at all. Of 203 patients with tumour remnant or first recurrence, 45% were operated, 2% received radiotherapy, and 2% combined treatment. This treatment strategy made 38% of the patients free of disease in the follow-up period (3 1/2 to 8 years) or until the patients died from other causes. Fifty-nine per cent of the patients died from their oral carcinomas. Tumour size (T), lymph node status (N), and tumour stage were as expected important prognostic factors.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Haematological effects from radioiodine treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

The changes in peripheral blood counts and number of colony forming cells (CFU-c) in the bone marrow after 131I treatment for thyroid cancer were followed in 24 patients. The median WBC declined to 78% and the median blood platelet count to 69% of the pretreatment values after 4 treatments. In 4 patients a moderate pancytopenia developed and in 1 patient additionally treated with chemotherapy and preleukaemia was suspected. In 19 bone marrow samples obtained from 13 patients no difference in number of CFU-c could be found related to cumulated 131I activities given to those patients. In 5 of 7 patients examined between the 9th and the 19th day afer a treatment the number of CFU-c had declined by 50% or more. It is concluded that radioiodine exerts a protracted suppressive effect on the bone marrow which is seldom severe. Agar culture of bone marrow cells with counting of CFU-c was not found to be more sensitive than the peripheral blood counts in predicting bone marrow damage and cannot be recommended for routine use.

Adult↗