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Biomedical subjects

H S Hansen

Publications and source records attributed to H S Hansen.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Antepartum looping of the umbilical cord.

A case is presented in which the number of fetal movements decreased in the 36th week of pregnancy. On the basis of the cardiotocographic and ultrasonographic findings, cesarean section was performed, revealing loops of the umbilical cord resulting in pronounced asphyxia. Attention is drawn to the possibilities for antenatal diagnosis of umbilical cord complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Radiotherapy in glomus tumours (paragangliomas). A 25 year-review.

57 patients have been reviewed. 39 had radiotherapy (28 glomus jugulare, 7 glomus tympanicum and 4 glomus caroticum/vagale tumours). Two patients have died of their tumour and one patient had increasing nerve involvement during two months after irradiation. It is concluded that the results bear comparison with those of surgery and that extensive surgery in tumours with extratympanal growth is not warranted.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasonographic appearance of a simple ureterocele following surgical treatment.

A case history is presented, showing the ultrasonographic appearance of a simple ureterocele following surgery. The cystic appearance of the presurgical ureterocele and the gradual changes after surgery are demonstrated. Follow-up examination 17 months after surgical treatment revealed a solid tumour-like ultrasonographic image. Differential diagnosis to neoplasma of the urinary bladder is emphasized.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Dietary (n-3)-fatty acids, prostaglandins, and prolonged gestation in humans.

Prostaglandins, especially prostaglandin F2 alpha, are important regulators in the onset and maintenance of parturition in humans. Inhibition of prostaglandin formation by drugs can prolong gestation in humans. High dietary intake of long chain (n-3)-fatty acids can inhibit formation of many arachidonic acid-derived prostaglandins as well as stimulate formation of eicosapentaenoic acid-derived prostaglandins. The latter ones often have lower biological activity than the former ones. The effect of (n-3)-fatty acids on prostaglandin formation has been shown by analysis of prostaglandin metabolites in human urine. Very little is known about the tissue origin as well as the physiologicalfunctions of those prostaglandins, the metabolites of which are quantitated in urine from non-pregnant humans. In pregnant women the increased amount of prostaglandin F2 alpha-metabolites in urine, plasma and amniotic fluid probably is of uterine origin. Women in the Faroe Islands have longer gestation and are giving birth to infants with higher birth weight than women in Denmark. The Faroe Islands is a fishing community with an old cultural tradition for eating pilot whales. Fish and marine mammals are rich in long chain (n-3)-fatty acids. We have hypothesized that a high intake of long chain (n-3)-fatty acids prolongs gestation in humans by interfering with uterine prostaglandin formation, possibly by inhibiting formation of prostaglandin F2 alpha and prostaglandin E2. Preliminary results of an epidemiological observational study have shown a positive correlation between (n-3)-fatty acids in maternal erythrocytes and length of gestation. These results are in accordance with our hypothesis, but a causal relationship remains to be shown.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Physical fitness, physical activity and blood pressure in children.

In numerous studies the relationship between physical fitness, physical activity and blood pressure have been evaluated. However, only a minority of the reported studies are controlled. This report gives a review of cross-sectional studies in children and longitudinal dynamic training studies in young adults below the age of thirty dealing with physical fitness/physical activity and blood pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Arginine-vasopressin stimulates the formation of phosphatidic acid in rat Leydig cells.

Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) stimulated the formation of labelled phosphatidic acid (PA) in [14C]arachidonic acid-prelabelled rat Leydig cells. After addition of 10(-6)M AVP [14C]arachidonoylphosphatidic acid reached a maximum within 2 min. The increase was dose-dependent (10(-11)-10(-6)M). No change in labelling of other phospholipids and diacylglycerol could be detected. The V1 antagonist dPTyr(Me)AVP inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the AVP-stimulated accumulation of PA. The V2 agonist dPVDAVP was without effect. The present results suggest that AVP binds to V1 receptors in rat Leydig cells resulting in stimulation of PA turnover. We suggest that the AVP-stimulated PA formation is an indication of phosphoinositide turnover.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Synergism between thapsigargin and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate on the release of [14C]arachidonic acid and histamine from rat peritoneal mast cells.

Thapsigargin is a potent skin irritating sesquiterpene lactone isolated from the roots of Thapsia garganica L. (Apiaceae). In rat peritoneal mast cells thapsigargin induced a calcium-dependent non-cytotoxic [14C]arachidonic acid and histamine release. A minor amount of the released [14C]arachidonic acid was converted to [14C]prostaglandin D2. A potentiated effect was found between thapsigargin and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate, as well as between A23187 and the phorbol ester with respect to release of [14C]arachidonic acid and histamine. It is suggested that the synergistic effect is due to activation of protein kinase C by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate and to increased intracellular calcium concentration mediated by A23187 as well as thapsigargin. [14C]arachidonic acid was released mainly from phosphatidylcholine. It is suggested that this release may be due to an action of phospholipase A2, and that protein kinase C is involved in activation of phospholipase A2.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Results in treatment of carcinoma of the external auditory canal and middle ear.

Of 31 patients treated for carcinoma of the external auditory canal and/or middle ear, 19 patients (61%) presented with a long-term history of otitis. Thirteen patients (42%) had cranial nerve involvement. The patients were treated by surgery, radiotherapy, or a combined treatment of surgery and radiotherapy. The overall 5-year crude survival rate was 29%. Irrespective of the final outcome, 19 patients (61%) obtained pain relief after initial treatment. Three of the patients with facial nerve involvement survived 5 years after the initial treatment. Postmortem examinations of ten patients revealed distant metastases in four patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Combined modality therapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

In a prospective study 110 patients with histologically confirmed oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma received radiation therapy combined with bleomycin or a retinoid. Surgery was initially intended in 34 patients and was later on undertaken in 25 of them after irradiation; in 12 patients the operation was regarded as radical and in 4 of these no remaining tumour was found at operation. The survival rate was significantly higher in the operated than in the non-operated patients which entirely depended on the radically operated ones. Survivals up to more than 71 months were observed and the best results were apparently obtained in patients who became tumour-free after preoperative therapy. It is concluded, that the combined treatment was curative only in a few cases and that future studies should be focused on more intensive preoperative treatment and more critical selection of patients for surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Apparent in vivo retroconversion of dietary arachidonic to linoleic acid in essential fatty acid-deficient rats.

Essential fatty acid-deficient rats were fed ethyl [U-14C]arachidonate (308 dpm/nmol) and when a decrease in the transepidermal water loss was seen, the epidermal sphingolipids, acylglucosylceramide and acylceramide were isolated. [14C]Linoleic acid (approx. 130 dpm/nmol) was present in both lipid classes, while the substrate was only detected in the former. These results intimate that in vivo retroconversion of arachidonic to linoleic acid can be induced in the rat.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Intake of marine fat, rich in (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids, may increase birthweight by prolonging gestation.

Birthweights in the Faroe Islands are among the highest in the world. Compared with Denmark, the average birthweight of liveborn singleton infants of primiparous mothers is 194 g higher, and a substantial part of this difference seems to be attributable to longer gestation. Prostaglandins play an important part in the timing of parturition in human beings. Dietary (n-3)-polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in high amounts influence endogenous prostaglandin metabolism. Owing to the large consumption of marine fat, the average intake of (n-3)-PUFA in the Faroes by far exceeds that in Denmark. The hypothesis proposed is that dietary (n-3)-PUFA in high amounts prolong gestation in human beings by interfering with uterine production of prostaglandins, possibly by inhibiting the production of dienoic prostaglandins, primarily PGF2 alpha and PGE2, which are mediators of uterine contractions and cervical ripening.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Familial clustering of salivary gland carcinoma in Greenland.

Salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) occurs at an increased frequency in the Eskimo population. In Greenland the incidence of SGC is 4.5-fold higher for men and 9-fold higher for women as compared with European incidence. The increased incidence is caused by low-differentiated carcinoma. Unusual familial clustering of SGC is reported among two families (five siblings). Peculiar aspects of racial and geographical distribution and possible role of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of this relatively uncommon tumor are briefly discussed with special emphasis on the recently detected association between the Eskimos' SGC and the Epstein-Barr virus.

Adult↗