PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H S Jacobs

Publications and source records attributed to H S Jacobs.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Plasma sex hormone concentrations in men with hypertension treated with methyldopa and/or propranolol.

Serum concentrations of LH, FSH, testosterone and prolactin were measured in patients with hypertension treated with propranolol (34 cases), methyldopa (13 cases), and methyldopa + propranolol (11 cases). The results were compared with those obtained in 18 controls (hospital out-patients). There were no differences in these hormone concentrations in the various groups, and no difference between those complaining of impotence (13 cases) and those with normal sexual function. Impotence in hypertensive men on treatment with methyldopa cannot be explained by abnormalities in secretion of the reproductive hormones.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Constancy of opioid control of luteinizing hormone in different pathophysiological states.

This study assessed the effect of the opiate antagonist naloxone on anterior pituitary hormone release in normal subjects and patients with disturbances of the gonadotropic axis. Intravenous bolus injections of naloxone resulted in a rise of plasma LH, but had no significant effect on plasma levels of FSH or PRL. It also failed to alter the LH, FSH, or TSH response to LRF and TRH, although it did augment the PRL response to TRH. Slow iv infusion of naloxone resulted in increased plasma LH and FSH concentrations in both normal subjects and patients with hyperprolactinemia. The rise of LH correlated with the mean basal LH concentrations; a low basal level only responded to naloxone with a small increase in circulating LH concentration and vice versa. This relationship of the response of LH to the resting levels also held in several other pathological states in which there were marked differences of androgen and estrogen status as well as up to a 100-fold variation in basal LH concentrations. It is concluded that LH is under inhibitory opioid control both in normal subjects and in widely differing pathological states of the gonadotropic axis.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Investigation and treatment of amenorrhoea resulting in normal fertility.

A simple scheme of investigation and treatment to restore fertility in amenorrhoeic women is described. Fifty-nine patients with amenorrhoea not due to primary ovarian failure were treated variously as appropriate, mainly with clomiphene (25), bromocriptine (15), or human menopausal gonadotrophins (12), and six by diet to increase their weight. All ovulated, and by the end of the study 55 (93%) had conceived, 42 (71%) had delivered at least one surviving child, and five others (8%) were pregnant and awaiting delivery. Conception rates were 49% within two cycles of treatment and 66% within three cycles; using life-table method to standardise the cumulative conception rates by correcting for patients who did not continue as long as others in the study, the expected conception rate was 79% in six cycles, 94% in 12 cycles, and 98% after 16 cycles. The multiple pregnancy rate was 13% and abortion rate 22%. Delivery rate (for a viable baby) were 48% within 11 months of starting treatment and 53% within one year; expected rates were 76% in 18 months and 97% in two years. The results show that a relatively simple scheme of classifying amenorrhoeic disorders endocrinologically followed by treatment directed at inducing ovulation allows amenorrhoeic women without primary ovarian failure to achieve conception and delivery rates equal to those in normal women.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Value of bromocriptine in unexplained primary infertility: a double-blind controlled trial.

In a double-blind controlled study, 47 women with unexplained primary infertility were allocated at random to treatment with either bromocriptine 2.5 mg twice daily (24 patients) or placebo (23). Both groups showed a fall in serum prolactin concentrations but the reduction was much greater in the bromocriptine-treated group. Neither group showed a change in serum oestrogen or progesterone concentrations. Bromocriptine significantly reduced the duration of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle but had no effect on the luteal phase. Five women conceived during treatment with placebo and seven during treatment with bromocriptine, but analysis of the cumulative conception rates showed no significant difference between the groups. The women who conceived were significantly younger and had a significantly shorter history of infertility than the women who did not conceive, but subtracting the number of years of infertility from age eliminated this difference. The results show that bromocriptine in the dose and duration of administration used in the trial is of no value in unexplained primary infertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Spontaneous pregnancy in a patient with hypergonadotrophic ovarian failure.

A 27-year-old woman was referred to the gynaecological endocrine clinic because of infertility and secondary amenorrhoea. Serum luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels were raised and oestradiol concentrations were subnormal. In spite of these findings, spontaneous resumption of menstrual cycles associated with a fall of gonadotrophin concentrations was followed by a normal pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Relation between the karyopyknotic index and plasma oestrogen concentrations after the menopause.

The karyopyknotic index correlated significantly (p less than 0.001) with the plasma oestradiol but not plasma oestrone concentration in 38 postmenopausal women. This ties with previous findings that postmenopausal women with superficial dyspareunia have a more severe degree of vaginal atrophy than asymptomatic women, and that oestradiol is probably more important biologically than oestrone.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Relation between plasma oestrone and oestradiol and climacteric symptoms.

Plasma levels of oestrone and oestradiol-17beta were determined at 20 or 30 minute intervals for up to 24 hours in 26 postmenopausal or ovariectomised women of similar age, weight, and number of years since menopause or operation. Results in women with both superficial dyspareunia and flushes were compared with those in women with flushes only, and with those in symptomless women. Women with superficial dyspareunia had significantly lower mean concentrations of plasma-oestradiol, but not of oestrone, than symptomless women. Flushes were not related to plasma-oestrogen. The implications of these findings in relation to the optimum dose of oestrogen for treating climacteric symptoms are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Coronary heart disease in relation to age, sex, and the menopause.

Examination of the Registrar General's mortality data suggested that women do not lose protection from coronary heart disease (CHD) after the menopause. Apparently, at around the age of 50 men begin to lose a factor that had previously put them at increased risk of developing CHD compared with women. Male sex hormones may be risk factors for CHD, and further studies are needed to clarify their role in the aetiology of CHD in men.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Failure of withdrawal bleeding during combined oral contraceptive therapy: "amenorrhoea on the pill".

Serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone and oestradiol-17beta concentrations have been measured in 21 patients with failure of withdrawal bleeding during combined oral contraceptive therapy and 21 matched controls with a normal bleeding pattern. Gonadotrophin and oestradiol-17beta concentrations were effectively suppressed in all patients during the phase of contraceptive ingestion. During the week between courses of treatment, there was a significant rise in the gonadotrophin (p less than 0.02) and oestradiol (p less than 0.05) concentrations in the patients but not in the controls. It is suggested that patients with failure of withdrawal bleeding during combined oral contraceptive therapy may have higher total oestrogen levels during the treatment-free week because of a less persistent suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian function.

Amenorrhea↗