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Biomedical subjects

H S Stender

Publications and source records attributed to H S Stender.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Roentgenographic pulmonary findings in long term ventilated multiple trauma patients (author's transl)].

An analysis of roentgenographic pulmonary findings was done in 46 multiple trauma patients on controlled long term ventilation. 67% of the patients sustained thoracic trauma. The most common lung changes were interstitial and intraalveolar pulmonary edema and inflammatory pneumonia related to contusions, atelectasis and aspiration. The pulmonary lesions predominantly occurred in the middle and lower portions of each lung. The thoracic trauma group had four times as many lung changes than the non-thoracic trauma group. Daily roentgenographic controls are necessary in multiple trauma patients to explain a deterioration in pulmonary gas exchange leading to respiratory failure. To demonstrate discrete lesions in lung parenchyma, we recommend the high voltage technique for chest X-rays in intensive care units.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Pulmonary tuberculosis today-revisited (author's transl)].

The diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis--in spite of its general decline in frequency--remains an important task, even today. There are certain types of opacification which should make one think of TB. A pulmonary nodule--with or without hilar involvement--in an adult may represent primary TB. Postprimary disease is usually located in the first or second lung segment, occasionally also in the sixth. Abnormal findings in the apices are usually tuberculous in origin. Bilateral foci in both upper lobes with similar or identical opacification patterns are especially typical of tuberculosis. Without treatment, there is apico-caudal progression. With tuberculostatic therapy, there usually is rapid regression with relative little scar formation. Residuals of cavities can present as a ring like shadow. Tests for TB-bacteria are usually negative in these cases. Circumscribed older lung lesions in asymptomatic healthy appearing patients mandate supervision of these patients to detect reactivation of the disease, which occurs fairly frequent and to prevent the infection of others.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Comments on the further development of the international classification of pneumoconiosis (author's transl)].

The latest version of the international classification of pneumoconiosis by the International Labour Office (ILO) in Geneva is presented, ie "ILO 1980 International Classification of X-Ray Findings in Pneumoconiosis", and is tabulated in detail. In connection with the specified modifications of the previous classification (ILO U/C 1971) initial critical assessments are made with particular reference also to the adaptation to conditions prevailing specifically in the Federal Republic of Germany.

Germany, West↗
PubMed1980

[Visualization of aorto-coronary bypass grafts with the aid of non-dynamic computer tomography].

To evaluate computer tomography (CT) for assessment of aorto-coronary bypass graft patency, 45 patients with 85 grafts were studied by non-dynamic CT before and after intravenous bolus injection of 50 ml contrast material. 28 patients had undergone postoperative coronary angiography (37 grafts patent, 11 occluded), while 17 (37 grafts) were studied in the early postoperative period without angiographic confirmation. 60 of 74 grafts (81.1%) which were angiographically patent or not checked by postoperative angiography could be visualized by CT. In patients in whom graft patency was documented by angiography, 32 of 37 grafts (86.5%) were identified correctly, including all 18 grafts (100%) to the left anterior descending branch (LAD). With the exception of one LAD graft which was judged differently by the two evaluators, none of the 11 definitely occluded grafts could be visualized by CT. The results suggest that non-dynamic CT allows correct identification of patent aorto-coronary bypass grafts in a high percentage of cases. So far, however, the method does not allow any deduction as to the functional status of the grafts.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed1980

[Practical quality assurance in x-ray diagnosis (author's transl)].

The reproduction parameters of an radiographic are presented by those details of the various visualised objects which are important for diagnosis. These parameters determine the required technical quality. The following factors are suitable for assessing the technical quality of the radiographs: medium optical density, contrast, resolution, peak voltage, exposure time and exposure dose. The physician himself is expected to maintain a close watch on the quality of his x-ray examinations. The following measures are conductive to this end: 1. comparison of the current patient radiographs with the standard x-ray visualisations as seen in routine practice 2. control of the processing technique with test films, and 3. checking on the proper functioning of the x-ray equipment by means of a small phantom. Over and above this, the x-ray equipment should be checked for its efficiency status in yearly intervals by means of measurements effected with a standard phantom by an external institution.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Haemodynamic, gas exchange and lung X-rays in multiple injuries with blunt chest trauma (author's transl)].

In a controlled prospective study of 50 multiple trauma patients special cardio-respiratory monitoring was performed from the moment of admission to the hospital up to seven days. We compared haemodynamic and respiratory data and roentgenograms from 34 patients with blunt thoracic trauma with those of 16 patients without thoracic trauma. The mortality of the thoracic trauma group was higher (56%) than in the control group (19%). Long term intubation was necessary in the first group for an average of 17 days and in the second group for 6.2 days. In the thoracic trauma group there was a higher total pulmonary resistance and a lower cardiac index. Despite mechanical ventilation the pulmonary gas exchange was impaired in the thoracic trauma cases, especially due to an increased shunt fraction. In 16 of the thoracic-trauma patients roentgenograms detected at least temporary pulmonary oedema simultaneously with the increase of shunt fraction and the impairment of pulmonary gas exchange of those patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Angiographic results in interstitial, vascular and glomerular kidney diseases.

In earlier stages of parenchymal kidney diseases different changes are to be seen in angiography. No single sign appeared to be pathognomonic for glomerular nephritis, vascular disease or interstitial nephropathy. But the disproportionate frequency of some angiographic features assumed discriminatory value. Morphometry of the renal arteriograms discriminated statistically significant interstitial, vascular and glomerular diseases. The correct angiographical diagnosis was made in 76%.

Angiography↗
PubMed1978

[Hepatobiliary sequential-scintigraphy--progress in the evaluation of postcholecystectomy complains (author's transl)].

The hepatobiliary sequential-scintigraphy is a nuclear diagnostic procedure useful in assessing the function of liver and biliary system. 40 patients with and 20 patients without complains following cholecystectomy were examined. The value of this method in establishing biliary causes for such complains is demonstrated by typical cases. Simplicity and safety in application as well as diagnostic sensitivity should place the method in the first place evaluating postcholecystectomy complains. Succeeding indirect and direct radiologic techniques then may be used systematically with benefit for the patient and physician. Results indicate, that the procedure will be essential as well in evaluation as in analysis of nature and frequency of such complains by its superior presentation of intrahepatic bilestasis and functional mechanisms of the biliary system including the sphincter of Oddi.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1978

[Changes in the pulmonary vessels during asthma in childhood (author's transl)].

One hundred and twenty-eight erect radiographs of the thorax in 42 children with bronchial asthma have been analysed. The criterium for inclusion in this study was the demonstration on once occasion at least of hyperinflation of the lung with a low diaphragm, increased size of lung, narrow heart and increase in the retrosternal transparent area. In all patients there was narrowing of the vessels. In addition, the vessels appeared irregular and curved. Other characteristic radiological findings were tram-lines, obstructed bronchi, peribronchial infiltrates and atelectases. Increasing severity of the attack lead to increasing finding of other radiological changes in the thorax, but these have not yet been statistically examined.

Asthma↗
PubMed1977

[The radiological diagnosis of non-calculous biliary duct obstruction (author's transl)].

A diagnosis of obstructive biliary duct disease was achieved in 80% of 63 patients using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and percutaneous trans-jugular cholangiography (PTJC) alone or in combination, and taking account of the clinical features. In obstructions of themajor intrahepatic ducts and of the hepatic ducts (type I) a smooth occlusion indicated a carcinoma. Narrow forms of stenoses could not be differentiated, but with a history of previous operation, fibrous strictures were most likely. Obstructions at the point of confluence (type II) showed smooth narrowing if due to fibrous strictures, whereas carcinomas produced an irregular termination. Obstructions of the common bile ducts (type III) resembled those of type II. A smooth termination within the pancreas indicates a pancreatic carcinoma. Inflammatory disease in the head of the pancreas usually produces a tubular stenosis, while cysts of the pancreas result in smooth impressions and displacement.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Xeroradiographic studies in 150 patients with solitary scintigraphically nonfunctioning nodules of the thyroid gland.

Xeroradiographic studies were performed in 150 patients with a solitary scintigraphically nonfunctioning nodule of the thyroid gland. This procedure was demonstrated to be superior to conventional radiographic techniques in imaging the trachea, in the visualization of the cervical subcutaneous and visceral compartments and in the identification of cystic walls. It is also a sensitive method for the detection of calcifications. Psammoma bodies are typical for malignant changes in nodes whereas other types of microcalcifications are nonspecific. Coarse, amorphous calcifications are typical for benign adenomas with regressive changes; shell-like calcifications are seen in longstanding cysts.

Cysts↗
PubMed1977

Phenacetin abuse and chronic pyelonephritis.

A history of phenacetin abuse has been found almost three times more frequently among subjects diagnosed on clinical and functional grounds as suffering from chronic pyelonephritis than among those suffering from other renal diseases or among non-renal controls. The chronic pyelonephritis in subjects admitting phenacetin abuse has been usually characterized by a more frequent intense bacteriuria and leucocyturia, by a slightly more frequent haematuria, history of renal colic, presence of stones and more rapid downhill course of glomerular filtration rate than in subjects without phenacetin abuse. A sterile lesion also without any past evidence of infection was observed only in subjects with the heaviest analgesic abuse. The discontinuation of the abuse in 5 subjects led to an improvement of the renal function.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1977

[X-ray diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (author's transl)].

Characteristic signs of interstitial lung disease can be identified by analysis of roentgenographic patterns of lung structure. Intralobular changes are visible only due to summation effects whereas extralobular changes render direct visibility. Different interstitial diseases show roentgenographic patterns which often become more marked during follow-up films.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1977

[Roentgenographic pattern of interstitial pneumonia and allergic alveolitis (author's transl)].

Roentgenographic examination of the lungs permits diagnosis of inflammatory and allergic pulmonary disease with predominantly interstitial and less alveolar involvement in which pulmonary fibrosis may develop. Reaction of the sensitised lung to allergic exposure causes typical roentgenological patterns. Development of pulmonary fibrosis in interstitial lung disease can be prevented be early cortison therapy.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1977

[A comparison between radiologic and endoscopic examinations of early cancer of the stomach (author's transl)].

Comparison between radiologic and endoscopic-bioptic examinations shows that, in early cancer, great demands are made on the radiologic technique and experience of the examiner. An integrated technique using relief- and double-contrast with additional induced hypotony can achieve demonstration of circumscribed shallow changes of less than 2 cm diameter in all segments of the stomach. With this technique over 80% of early cancers can be detected radiologically.

False Negative Reactions↗