In Munich, 1477 employees (868 males and 609 females) of a large industrial firm were examined with regard to coronary heart disease risk factors. The known risk factors--overweight, disorders of the lipometabolism, diabetes, cigarette smoking, hypertension, pathologic ECG, physical inactivity--as well as certain somatic complaints and mental stress were checked for their distribution within the various social levels. With the exception of cigarette smoking among women and professional worries among men, in both sexes the members of the upper social group are less burdened with danger factors than the average. Aside from high blood pressure and disorders of the lipometabolism, which predominate in males in the middle layers, and cigarette smoking, which prevails among females in the upper social group, the risk factors pile up in the lowest social level. Our results will be discussed and compared with other studies.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of ionizing irradiation on vasomotor reactivity in the rat thoracic aorta in vitro.

PURPOSE: Ionizing irradiation inhibits restenosis in animal models and human. Vasomotor tone preservation during and after radiation therapy is of clinical importance. We therefore investigated vascular reactivity following radiation therapy. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Wistar Sabra rats were treated with a single dose of 1000 cGy external X-ray irradiation. Vascular reactivity of 192 segments of rat thoracic aorta was studied in vitro in four groups (12 rats in each group, four segments from each aorta). Immediately after in vivo irradiation, immediately after ex vivo irradiation, 1 month after irradiation, and no irradiation (control). RESULTS: Vasoconstriction to phenylephrine (PE) 10(-9)-10(-5) M or KCl 118.0 mM in all the irradiated groups was similar to controls. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation to acetylcholine (ACh) 10(-9)-10(-5) M in segments studied immediately after in vivo irradiation was increased compared to controls at all concentrations (109.7+/-35. and 90.0+/-40.0%, respectively, at 10(-5) M, P=.006). Endothelium-independent relaxation to nitroglycerin 10(-9)-10(-5) M in all irradiated groups was similar to controls. CONCLUSIONS: External-ionizing irradiation with 1000 cGy in the rat aortic model induces acute and transient increase in endothelium-dependent relaxation to ACh, and does not alter vasoconstriction and endothelium-independent relaxation.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

TPEN, a transition metal chelator, improves myocardial protection during prolonged ischemia.

In view of the hypothesis that free radicals induced damage during ischemia and reperfusion is mediated by transition metals, we investigated the effect of the potent metal chelator TPEN (N,N,N'N'-tetrakis(-)[2-pyridylmethyl]-ethylenediamine) on cardiac function after prolonged myocardial ischemia. Isolated working rat hearts were subjected to 12 hours of cold ischemic arrest followed by reperfusion for 1 hour. The study was carried out on five groups (nine hearts in each): (1) St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution; (2) St. Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution with 7.5 mumol/L TPEN; (3) protection conditions as in group 2, but with TPEN administration during preischemic and reperfusion periods; (4) University of Wisconsin solution; and (5) the same conditions as in group 4 with TPEN administration during the preischemic and reperfusion periods. Significant enhancement of hemodynamic recovery was observed in the presence of TPEN throughout the experiment. The recovery of cardiac output was 24% +/- 4% in group 3, as compared to 12% +/- 4% in group 1 (p < 0.01). The postischemic left ventricular pressure recovery was 57% +/- 4% in group 3, as compared to 18% +/- 7% in group 1 (p < 0.005). The hearts in group 5 recovered, reaching 29% +/- 2% of the preischemic cardiac output and at 65% +/- 2% of the left ventricular pressure recovery (p < 0.05 versus group 3). Lactate dehydrogenase was released throughout the reperfusion. TPEN addition to groups 2 and 3 did not significantly reduce lactate dehydrogenase release; however, TPEN in University of Wisconsin solution and throughout the experiment significantly decreased lactate dehydrogenase release.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Oxygen transport economy and circulatory capacity in relation to blood pressure in middle aged men].

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Adult↗