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Biomedical subjects

H Takei

Publications and source records attributed to H Takei.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity and acquired trisomy #8 in various hematologic disorders.

The gene for erythrocyte glutathione reductase (E-GR) activity has been assigned to chromosome #8. In the present series, we examined the E-GR activity in 14 cases with chronic myelodysplastic syndrome (CMS, preleukemia), atypical acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), or chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), with and without acquired trisomy #8. No difference in the incidence of high levels of this enzyme was found between two groups, i.e., those with and without trisomy #8 suggesting the existence of a complex regulatory system in addition to chromosome #8.

Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X↗
PubMed1984

Effects of intraaortic balloon pumping on acute myocardial infarction in 64 cases of cardiogenic shock, severe heart failure and mechanical heart failure.

Of the patients treated in the CCU of Nippon Medical School for acute myocardial infarction in the past 5 years and 8 months, 44 with cardiogenic shock, 11 with severe heart failure, 7 with ventricular septal perforation and 2 with mitral regurgitation were treated by IABP. The peak effect of IABP on the hemodynamics of patients with cardiogenic shock was noted 24 hours after starting on IABP. When hemodynamics were compared between surviving and dead groups, there was a significant difference in stroke volume index between the two groups. When left ventricular function was compared between them, it was suggested that patients whose left ventricular function does not respond to IABP for 48 hours or longer are more likely to die than responders. Twenty-four of 44 patients became independent of IABP, but no more than 13 patients (30%) survived for 6 months or longer. Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) was combined with IABP in 7 patients who had a persistence of heart failure in spite of IABP. Combination therapy with IABP and ISDN elicited a significant increase in cardiac index, a significant decrease in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance and a pronounced improvement in left ventricular function, and all 7 patients became independent of IABP. In the patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with ventricular septal perforation, the mean systolic arterial pressure was 87.7 +/- 8.3 mmHg, mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, 20.3 +/- 7.4 mmHg and pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio, 3.12 +/- 0.95 before starting on IABP. When the hemodynamics at 3 hours of IABP were compared to the pre-IABP values, the right atrial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratio had a tendency to decline, but the changes were not statistically significant, except for the peak arterial pressure which showed a significant elevation at 3 hours of IABP. Three of the 7 patients became dependent on IABP, and 2 of the 3 patients were saved by emergency operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Efficacy of nidus embolization of large arterio-venous malformation prior to surgical excision].

Although it is undoubted that surgical excision is the ideal treatment for arterio-venous malformation, its large nidus and deep localization make it difficult in some instances. To make surgical procedure easier, efficacy of nidus embolization or of obstruction of feeding arteries by detachable balloon technique is reported. A case presented here is such a case with large arterio-venous malformation which was successfully removed surgically following artificial nidus embolization with silastic spheres. On May 12th, 1983, a 27-year-old housewife was admitted to our department with chief complaints of episodes of alexia, apraxia, and aphasia lasting for a few minutes during 4 years prior to admission. Neurological examination on admission showed no abnormalities. Left internal carotid angiogram taken on admission showed a large arterio-venous malformation in the left parieto-temporo-occipital region fed by three branches of the left middle cerebral artery and two branches of the left posterior cerebral artery (Fig. 2a, 3a). To enable successful excision without neurological deficits, nidus embolization with silastic spheres was performed on June 2, 1983. Forty silastic spheres of 1.5 mm in diameter were injected via a catheter introduced in the left internal carotid artery and a second injection of 48 silastic spheres of 2.0 mm in diameter was performed after confirmation of no stray of silastic spheres in the arteries unrelated to the nidus. Embolization procedure was interrupted after the second injection, because of stray of silastic sphere into the posterior internal frontal artery of the left anterior cerebral artery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Computed tomography in lumbar degenerative disease].

We reported the 18 patients which underwent surgical exploration and reviewed these CT findings. Method. All CT scans were obtained on Somatom II, high resolution CT scanner, with the patient in the supine position. A lateral localizer image (Topogram) was used to select the appropriate intervertebral disk space. The slice thickness was 4 mm. Results. CT findings in lumbar degenerative diseases include bony canal stenosis (central canal stenosis, narrowed lateral recess), soft tissue abnormalities (herniated nucleus pulposus, bulging annulus, hypertrophy and/or ossification of ligamentum flavum, no delineation of nerve root in lateral recess), and spinal instability (spondylolisthesis, vacuum phenomenon). The above three factors contribute to narrowing of spinal canal. No delineation of nerve root or soft tissue replacement of epidural fat in lateral recess suggests that the nerve root may be compressed by some factors. Herniated nucleus pulposus may cause nerve root compression with or without canal stenosis. Conclusion. This study revealed that the CT findings correlated closely with the surgical findings and the site of nerve root compression could be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

High resolution computed tomography in the diagnosis of cervical disc disease.

In this study, the authors evaluate the importance of computed tomography (CT) in 15 patients who underwent surgical treatment for cervical disc disease. In nine operated on by an anterior approach, all CT examinations were interpreted as positive for disc herniation and correlated precisely with surgical observations. CT demonstrated protrusion of the disc, centrally in four and posterolaterally in five in all of whom disc material was found posterior to the vertebral body. Of six who underwent laminectomy, either thickening or calcification of the ligamentum flavum was demonstrated by CT and confirmed at surgery in five. Vacuum phenomenon in the intervertebral space and hypertrophy of the intervertebral joint were not infrequently associated. CT can exactly delineate cervical disc lesions and associated pathological changes.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1983

Computed tomographic findings of vacuum phenomenon in cervical intervertebral disks.

A gaseous collection in the intervertebral space, or the vacuum phenomenon, was observed on computed tomograms in as many as 30% of the patients with cervical disk disease. The condition most frequently occurred at the level of C5-6. The gas tended to accumulate more often at the marginal region of the intervertebral disks, the level at which marked degeneration was seen; thus, it may be related to cracks within not only the nucleus pulposus, but also in the annulus fibrosus.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose in beagle dogs of different ages.

Regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rCMRglc) were studied in unanesthetized Beagle dogs in five age groups. Significant age-related differences did not occur in the cingulate, pyriform or visual cortices, cerebellar flocculus, corpus callosum, or cerebellar white matter. However, age-related decrements were apparent in 15 of the 22 brain regions examined. The apparent time course of age effect on rCMRglc varied among the brain regions. Most regions had significantly lower rCMRglc at 6 years than at 1 year. Decrements of more than 25% were seen in the mammillary bodies, pons, hippocampus, superior colliculus, basis of the midbrain, temporal cortex, geniculate bodies, caudate nucleus, and superior frontal gyrus. There were no age differences in rCMRglc at 10-12 years compared with 6 years. Senescence-associated decrements (after 6 years) were noted in only 5 regions: the frontal and temporal cortices, mammillary bodies, and areas involved in sensory functions. The results indicate that rCMRglc in the adult Beagle brain declines by midlife, and continues to decline in some brain regions through senescence.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Cerebral blood flow and oxidative metabolism in conscious Fischer-344 rats of different ages.

The cerebral metabolic rates for O2 and for glucose were measured in conscious, fasted male Fischer-344 rats at the ages of 3, 12, and 24 months, and cerebral blood flow was determined with 14C-iodoantipyrine. The metabolic rates for oxygen and glucose were obtained by multiplying blood flow by the O2 and glucose concentration differences, respectively, between blood in the femoral artery and in the superior sagittal sinus. Mean cerebral blood flow and the metabolic rates for oxygen and glucose did not differ significantly (p greater than 0.05) between 3 and 12 or between 12 and 24 months. Nor did the arteriovenous differences for O2 and for glucose change significantly with age. Because the superior sagittal sinus drains blood mainly from the cerebral cortex, the results indicate that average cerebral cortical oxidative metabolism, and the coupling ratios between the cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen and cerebral blood flow and between the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose and cerebral blood flow, do not change significantly with age in the Fischer-344 rat.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

[Treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula using a detachable balloon catheter--a case report and review].

A case of post-traumatic carotid cavernous fistula, successfully treated by a detachable balloon catheter, is reported. A 55-year-old housewife was admitted to the author's department on 25th August, 1980. Three months prior to admission, she complained of right tinnitus following a traffic accident and then developed right chemosis and exophthalmus. A selective right internal carotid angiography revealed rapid filling of the carotid cavernous fistula. Under general anesthesia, the patient was treated by the maneuver after Debrun. Since it appeared necessary to employ the second balloon, the first one was released gently being inflated only with the contrast medium. During the procedure, the neck of the balloon was incidentally snapped upward and, then, the fistula was eventually occluded preserving the carotid flow as was verified by a control angiography. The bruit was abolished immediately after the procedure and all ocular symptoms disappeared during the following a few weeks. A skull film showed a deflation of the balloon at 4 weeks postoperatively, but clinical and angiographic follow-up examinations at 9 months thereafter revealed no signs or symptoms of recurrence. This Debrun's procedure is being widely accepted for a carotid cavernous fistula as a relatively simpler, safer, and more effective one comparing with the conventional methods. Our experiment on dogs, however, indicated that rupture of the balloon is not always avoidable even with a smaller volume than its maximum capacity and some resistance was felt during introduction of the co-axial catheter. Thus, it appeared mandatory to improve and quality control the balloon and the catheter. In the case presented here, a follow-up angiography showed no recurrence of the fistula except for an asymptomatic pseud-aneurysmal pouch, even though the balloon was inflated only with the contrast medium and was deflated within 4 weeks. These findings suggest possibility of successful, and long-lasting outcome without employing silicone.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1982

Brain metabolism and blood flow during development and aging of the Fischer-344 rat.

In cerebral cortical regions of the conscious Fischer-344 rat, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as measured with 14C-indoantipyrine, and the cerebral metabolic rate for O2(CMRO2) do not decline after 3 months of age. On the other hand, the regional cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (rCMRglc) as measured with 14C-2-deoxy-D-glucose, falls significantly in some but not all cerebral cortical regions after 3 months. More generally, rCBF and rCMRglc do not follow identical courses during development and aging of the rat brain, although they remain stoichiometrically coupled among specific regions at any given age. Between 1 and 3 months, both increase in most brain regions, but after 3 months of age rCMRglc tends to fall throughout the brain, whereas rCBF tends to rise or remain unchanged in cerebral cortical regions, and falls after 12 months in posterior brain regions. The courses of rCBF, rCMRglc and CMRO2 during development and aging of the rat brain indicate that (a) stoichiometric coupling between flow and metabolism is maintained between 1 and 34 months of age, (b) the calculated coupling relation between rCBF and rCMRglc changes with age, possibly because rCBF increasingly sensitive to metabolism or because "constants" are employed to calculate rCMRglc or rCBF change with aging, and (c) cerebral cortical oxidative metabolism does not generally decline after 1 year of age. This constantly suggests that plasticity responses in the cerebral cortex of the rat compensate for senescence-associated morphological and neurochemical defects so as to preserve resting cortical functional activity.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Effects of immobilization stress on cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Immobilization of unanesthetized, freely breathing, 10-12 month-old, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) did not significantly alter regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 13 of 14 brain regions assayed. After 5 or 15 min of immobilization, rCBF was unchanged except at the frontal lobe, where it rose significantly by 21%. Furthermore, immobilization did not increase the cerebrovascular permeability-area product for 14C-sucrose, except at three brain regions. The results indicate that immobilization of SHR does not significantly affect rCBF or blood-brain barrier permeability in most regions of the brain, and suggest that adequate autoregulation of rCBF is maintained under stress.

Animals↗