Biomedical subjects

H Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeuchi.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Serum triiodothyronine concentration and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in liver and skeletal muscle are influenced by dietary fat type in rats.

It has been shown previously that dietary fat type influences body fat accumulation in rats. The effects of dietary fat type on serum thyroid hormone, activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase and lipoprotein lipase were studied. Rats were fed an experimental diet containing lard, high oleic safflower oil, safflower oil or linseed oil for 12 wk. Carcass fat content was significantly higher in rats fed the lard diet than in those fed the other diets. However, intra-abdominal adipose tissue weights were not affected by type of dietary fat. The serum triiodothyronine concentration and the activity of Na+,K(+)-ATPase in the liver and skeletal muscle were significantly lower in the lard diet group than in the other diet groups. The lipoprotein lipase activity of abdominal subcutaneous fat was significantly higher in rats fed the lard diet than in rats fed the other diets, but the activity of lipoprotein lipase in intra-abdominal fat was not significantly different. These results suggest that the intake of lard, compared with the intake of the vegetable oils, may decrease Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in the liver and skeletal muscle by lowering serum triiodothyronine concentration, resulting in the promotion of body fat accumulation.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1995

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition is detrimental to cardiac function and promotes bronchospasm in anaphylaxis in rabbits.

We studied the effects of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), on cardiac depression and bronchospasm provoked by systemic anaphylaxis in vivo in rabbits. Animals pretreated with L-NAME showed lower survival rates than control animals pretreated with normal saline. The survival rate in L-NAME-pretreated animals was increased by the administration of L-arginine after initiation of anaphylaxis. Cardiac output fell significantly in animals pretreated with L-NAME compared with controls, although venous return was increased. In animals pretreated with L-NAME, pulmonary resistance was significantly increased, and administration of arginine attenuated the bronchospasm. In conclusion, these results, along with the low survival rates in the L-NAME-treated animals, suggest that NO production may be beneficial to cardiac depression and bronchospasm in anaphylaxis in vivo.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1995

Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in dogs.

Depressed left ventricular (LV) systolic function remains controversial in patients with anaphylaxis and anaphylactic animal models. However, LV diastolic function has not yet been investigated in either patients or animal models. Therefore, we assessed LV diastolic and systolic function in IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in dogs. Seven dogs sensitized to Ascaris suum antigen were studied. An aqueous extract of Ascaris suum antigen was administered over 30 s into the systemic circulation to induce anaphylaxis. To assess LV function, the time constant of the fall of isovolumic LV pressure (T), as an index of LV diastolic function, and the maximum rate of rise of LV pressure (dP/dtmax), as an index of LV systolic function, were measured for a period of 120 min after antigen challenge. T was prolonged during the period of 5 to 15 min; however, changes in T were not significantly different from prechallenge values. LV d}/dtmax significantly decreased to 0.49 +/- 0.12 times the prechallenge value 5 min after antigen challenge, and significantly increased during the period from 30 to 120 min. However, these changes in dP/dtmax almost paralleled the changes in LV end-diastolic pressure, indicating that left ventricular systolic function was relatively well preserved. In conclusion, LV diastolic function, i.e., isovolumic relaxation, is little impaired in anaphylaxis, and LV systolic function is relatively well preserved during the early stage following the onset of anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis↗

PubMed1995

A case of metastatic yolk sac tumor of testis in a child.

We report a case of testicular yolk sac tumor in a child aged 3 years and 6 months with multiple bulky metastases to lung and retroperitoneum (stage IIIB2). After three courses of chemotherapy with a PVB regimen (cisplatin, vinblastine and bleomycin), complete and partial responses were obtained for lung and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases, respectively. The patient was followed-up closely. However, on the basis of a re-elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) after 4 months' follow-up, he was treated with three courses of salvage chemotherapy with a modified VAB-6 regimen (cyclophosphamide, etoposide, actinomycin D, bleomycin and cisplatin), followed by retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Histologically, only necrotic tissue was found. There is no evidence of recurrence 24 months after lymphadenectomy. There is very little information in the literature on the appropriate management of postchemotherapy residual mass in pediatric testicular tumors.

Child, Preschool↗

PubMed1995

Increasing the thermal dose in transurethral microwave thermotherapy produces no improvement in therapeutic efficacy.

BACKGROUND: Transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) is a minimally invasive treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It has been reported that increased thermal dose and higher intraprostatic temperatures resulted in improved clinical response. Recently we treated BPH patients with the prostatron device using a new version of software (Prostasoft 2.5), which was intended to increase thermal delivery by allowing maximum power up to 70W. The safety and clinical results were compared between the patients treated with Prostasoft 2.5 and those treated with the currently available software (Prostasoft 2; maximum power up to 50W). METHODS: A total of 105 patients were treated successively with two treatment protocols. Sixty-three patients were treated with Prostasoft 2 between September 1992 and July 1993, while 42 were treated with Prostasoft 2.5 between August 1993 and April 1994. Therefore, this investigation was a retrospective nonrandomized study. There was no significant difference in the baseline patient characteristics between the two groups. RESULTS: Total thermal dose delivered to the prostate was significantly higher in the Prostasoft 2.5 group than that in the Prostasoft 2 group (137 kJ versus 116 kJ, P < 0.05). No serious complications were encountered in either group. Six months after TUMT, in both the Prostasoft 2.5 and Prostasoft 2 groups there was an improvement in patient condition as measured by the mean I-PSS, QOL, and peak flow rate values, as well as the overall therapeutic efficacy. The two groups differed in the amount of posttreatment improvement from between 8% and 22%, but this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that higher thermal dose attained by Prostasoft 2.5 does not necessarily result in more pronounced clinical improvement, although clinical response to TUMT has often been reported to be dependent upon thermal dose.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Transurethral microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: clinical results after a 1-year follow-up.

Since September 1992, 63 patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been treated with transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) using the Prostatron device. The International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and quality of life (QOL) score were used to evaluate subjective symptoms. The mean I-PSS (total, irritative and obstructive scores) and QOL scores had decreased by 40, 38, 45 and 40%, respectively, at 12 months (p < 0.0001). While the mean peak flow rate had increased by 72% (p < 0.001). The clinical efficacy at 12 months was 42%, using a modification of the response criteria proposed at the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. There were no significant differences in the baseline and treatment parameters between those who responded favorably to TUMT and those who did not. The total thermal dose delivered to the prostate did not predict clinical response. However, there was a positive correlation between I-PSS or QOL at baseline and % reduction at 3, 6 and 12 months, and a negative correlation between peak flow rate at baseline and % increase at 3 and 6 months. There were no major complications associated with TUMT during the follow-up period. In summary, our 1-year clinical results are compatible with previous reports, suggesting that TUMT is a safe, effective and lasting non-surgical treatment for BPH. However, evaluation of efficacy should be based on uniform criteria to facilitate comparisons of different clinical trials. The most suitable patient profiles for TUMT could not be identified by retrospective analysis.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Detection and identification of amines in bacterial vaginosis.

For the purpose of determining an objective indicator of bacterial vaginosis (BV), we tried to detect and to identify amines in the vaginal fluid of patients by using the dansyl method (to detect amine in a solution of water). Bacteria isolated from these patients were also analyzed. 1) In BV (n: 32) 7 kinds of amines were detected; and the positive rate of detection of the dansyl method was 90.6%. No specific bacteria was found in BV. 2) The positive rate was 80.0% for the patients with trichomonas vaginitis (n: 5). 3) The positive rate of detection was 20.0% in the candida group (n: 5), and 28.6% in the control group (n: 14). Those amines detected in other than BV-related vaginitis are presumed not to vaporize. For purposes of diagnosis, it would be better to detect vaporized amines instead of detecting amines dissolved in vaginal fluid.

Amines↗

PubMed1995

A case of true hermaphroditism with androgen insensitivity.

A phenotypically normal woman with a 46, XY karyotype was found to have a testis, an ovotestis, bilateral rudimentary uteri, and bilateral fallopian tubes. The endocrinological and pathological aspects of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Myocardial infarction secondary to coronary aneurysm in systemic lupus erythematosus. An autopsy case.

The authors report a thirty-seven-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a coronary aneurysm, and myocardial infarction. SLE was diagnosed at twenty-three years of age and treated with prednisolone. Seven years later, she developed inferior myocardial infarction, and coronary angiography showed an aneurysm in the proximal right coronary artery without associated stenosis. At the age of thirty-seven years, she died from cerebral infarction and sepsis. Autopsy revealed an aneurysm (6 mm in diameter) in the proximal right coronary artery and an old inferior myocardial infarction. Histologic examination showed recanalization and fibrosis in the media of the aneurysm wall. This case suggests that coronary aneurysm may cause myocardial infarction in SLE and that aneurysm formation may be a sequela of arteritis.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Gene amplification as a cause of inherited thyroxine-binding globulin excess in two Japanese families.

T4-binding globulin (TBG) is the major thyroid hormone transport protein in man. Inherited abnormalities in the level of serum TBG have been classified as partial deficiency, complete deficiency, and excess. Sequencing analysis of the TBG gene, located on Xq21-22, has uncovered the molecular defects causing partial and complete deficiency. However, the mechanism leading to inherited TBG excess remains unknown. In this study, two Japanese families, F-A and F-T, with inherited TBG excess were analyzed. Serum TBG levels in hemizygous males were 58 and 44 micrograms/mL, 3- and 2-fold the normal value, respectively. The molecule had normal properties in terms of heat stability and isoelectric focussing pattern. The sequence of the coding region and the promoter activity of the TBG gene were also indistinguishable between hemizygotes and normal subjects. The gene dosage of TBG relative to that of beta-globin, which is located on chromosome 11, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is located on Xp, was evaluated by coamplification of these target genes using polymerase chain reaction and subsequent quantitation by HPLC. The TBG/beta-globin ratios of the affected male and female of F-A were 3.13 and 4.13 times, respectively, that in the normal males. The TBG/Duchenne muscular dystrophy ratios were 2.92 and 2.09 times the normal value, respectively. These results are compatible with three copies of TBG gene on the affected X-chromosome. Similarly, a 2-fold increase in gene dosage was demonstrated in the affected hemizygote of F-T. A 3-fold tandem amplification of the TBG gene was shown by in situ hybridization of prometaphase and interphase chromosomes from the affected male with a biotinylated genomic TBG probe, confirming the gene dosage results. Gene amplification of TBG is the cause of inherited TBG excess in these two families.

Base Sequence↗

PubMed1995

[Aerosolization of lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres for pulmonary delivery of peptide-drugs].

Lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres with nafarelin acetate (NA) used as a model peptide-drug have been developed by the emulsion-phase separation method in an oil phase as reported previously. In the present study, the aerosolization of nanospheres in dry and wet dispersion methods was investigated in vitro to evaluate their applications to pulmonary delivery of peptide-drug. The size distribution of aerosolized nanosphere dispersions and pulmonary deposition behaviors of inhaled particles were investigated using a lazer diffraction light-scattering particle sizer and an artificial model lung (Cascade Impactor: CI), respectively. It was found that the freeze-drying of nanospheres with a hydrophilic surface active agent effectively improved the inhalation behavior. Further, the mixing of nanospheres with lactose led to the reduction of their adhesion to an inhalation device (Spinhaler). It was supposed that the mists of nanosphere-suspension generated from a jet nebulizer might be inhaled into the lower bronchus and alveolus, because their respirable fraction (RF) value, i.e., the deposition percentage on stage 2 to 6 of CI, defined as a pulmonary inhalation index, reached a maximum of over 50%.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1995

Development of an apparatus to measure plasma colloid osmotic pressure mounted on the extracorporeal hemodialysis circuit.

We newly developed an apparatus to measure colloid osmotic pressure (COP) of blood plasma continuously by hemodialysis (HD) or extracorporeal ultrafiltration method (ECUM) without any invasive procedure or blood sampling. The COP value measured by this apparatus highly correlated with the COP value calculated from the concentration of total protein of blood plasma (TP) sampled simultaneously (y = 21.182 + 0.96256x, r2 = 0.911). Measurement of the COP with this apparatus seems to be reliable.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Effect of particle size on alumina-induced production of reactive oxygen metabolites by human leukocytes.

To assess the role of crystal size in the biologic response, we quantitated the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) or mononuclear leukocytes (MNs) with a chemiluminescence assay using 6 alpha-alumina preparations with average diameters of 0.6, 0.8, 3.2, 7.5, 28 and 68 microns on the basis of equal weights (1 mg/ml), and also on the basis of surface areas (100 cm2/ml). On an equal weight alumina particles induced PMN chemiluminescence in the following order of magnitude: 3.2 microns > 7.5 microns, 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron > 28 microns, 68 microns. The particulates induced MN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron > 7.5 microns > 28 microns, 68 microns. On the basis of identical surface areas, alumina elicited PMN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 7.5 microns, 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron, 28 microns, 68 microns. The particulates induced MN chemiluminescence: 3.2 microns > 0.8 micron > 0.6 micron, 7.5 microns > 28 microns, 68 microns. The maximal effect of particle size on the alumina-induced production of reactive oxygen metabolites by human leukocytes was seen at around 3 microns.

Aluminum Oxide↗

PubMed1995

Chimeric TLS/FUS-CHOP gene expression and the heterogeneity of its junction in human myxoid and round cell liposarcoma.

Myxoid liposarcomas have a unique and specific t(12;16)q13;p11) chromosomal translocation. The breakpoint has recently been identified and shown to involve the TLS/FUS gene on chromosome 16 and the CHOP gene on chromosome 12. This translocation causes fusion of these genes resulting in the expression of a novel chimeric TLS/FUS-CHOP message. Using the polymerase chain reaction with primer sets derived from sequences of TLS/FUS and CHOP cDNAs, we could amplify three types of the fusion transcripts from seven of seven samples of myxoid and round cell liposarcomas. In six of the seven positive samples, two kinds of chimeric messenger RNAs were found that have been reported previously. However, the last sample had a novel chimeric message that had an extra sequence of 33 bp derived from the TLS/FUS gene. Thus, it was shown that these fusion transcripts had a varying extent of the sequence of TLS/FUS gene incorporated at the site of the fusion. However, the TLS/FUS-CHOP fusion transcripts were not detected in two pleomorphic liposarcomas or in three myxoid variants of malignant fibrous histiocytomas. Our findings indicate that in liposarcomas TLS/FUS-CHOP fusion transcripts have variations at the junction of chimeric messages, which was the case for Ewing's sarcoma. Detection of the chimeric message by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was also suggested to be a useful approach for the diagnosis of myxoid and round cell liposarcomas that have (12;16) translocation, and for distinguishing them from pleomorphic liposarcoma and myxoid variant of malignant fibrous histiocytomas.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Cardiovascular deconditioning occurs during a 7-day saturation dive at 31 ATA.

Cardiovascular deconditioning (CD) has been reported to occur within 24-48 h of exposure to 4, 11, or 31 ATA environment and following decompression to sea level pressure. The CD was indicated by orthostatic intolerance, exaggerated cardiovascular responses to a passive tilt, an elevated resting heart rate and a reduced stroke volume postdive. In this dive, one of the New Seatopia series, we used a non-syncope criterion, the cardiovascular index of deconditioning (CID; Bungo MW, Johnson PJ Jr. Aviat Space Environ Med 1983; 54:1001), to evaluate CD in 3 male subjects. The CID sums the changes in heart rate and blood pressure in response to orthostatic stress. An elevated CID indicates CD. We used a passive 70 degrees head up tilt as the orthostatic stress. The CID was measured before and after a bout of underwater exercise at predive, during the early, mid, and late exposure of the 7-d 31 ATA, and after the dive. The CID and circulatory responses to tilt were similar before and after the exercise. The CID increased (p < 0.05) from the predive value of 20 +/- 1.6 to 25 +/- 0.9 on the 2nd day, to 25 +/- 0.8 on the 4th day at 31 ATA, indicating the presence of CD at the early and mid periods of hyperbaric exposure. However, CID was indifferent (18 +/- 0.6) from the predive on the 7th day at 31 ATA. The increased CID corresponded to decreases in plasma volume during the early and mid periods of 31 ATA exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[A case of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with peripheral neuropathy and autonomic symptoms].

We report a 28-year-old man with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with peripheral neuropathy and autonomic symptoms. Muscle biopsy from the quadriceps femoris muscle showed myopathic changes with ragged-red fibers and abnormal mitochondria. He experienced recurrent and acute weakness in his bilateral lower limbs. Needle electromyogram revealed neurogenic changes, and the amplitude of muscle action potential was low in the right posterior tibial nerve. Sural nerve biopsy showed a marked loss of both large and small myelinated fibers, and moderate to severe axonal degeneration was diagnosed. He experienced autonomic symptoms (nausea, constipation, hypoidosis and urinary retention) along with the weakness in his lower limbs which is considered to be a very rare situation. We hypothesized that autonomic symptoms in this case were due to the axonal degeneration that included unmyelinated fibers.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1995

Diving patterns of ama divers of Hegura Island, Japan.

Daily diving patterns, especially depth-time profiles, were continuously recorded during the entire work shift in four cachido and four funado divers of Hegura Island, Japan. All Hegura divers (cachido and funado alike) were female and habitually wore wet suits. Cachidos dive free and unassisted from a boat or float, whereas funado divers are assisted by weighted descent and during the ascent by being pulled by a partner into a boat on the water surface. Both funado and cachido divers spent 250-280 min/day on the sea at their diving locations; the actual diving time was 100-120 min. The divers made 90-120 dives/day to a depth of 13-22 m, each dive lasting approximately 60 s, considerably longer and deeper than those observed and recorded previously in ama divers in the Chiba and Miura regions. These dive profiles are similar to those reported by Paulev in which he observed apparent signs of decompression sickness when the subject dived to a depth of 15-20 m 100 times in 5 h. The average bottom time for each dive of Hegura funados was 23.6 s which is approximately 10 s longer than that of Korean female ama. The rate of ascent in the funado divers was 1.5 m/s, which is nearly twice that of the cachido divers (0.8 m/s). The dive frequency of Hegura funados (109 dives/day) was greater than the Chiba male funados (23 dives/day). Accordingly, cumulative bottom time of Hegura funado was 48 min/day, whereas that of Chiba funado was 17 min/day.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[MR imaging of infected spondylodiskitis: interval signal change in vertebral body (including enhanced image of vertebral body)].

A retrospective evaluation of MRI was carried out in 22 patients with spondylodiskitis. Low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high or low signal intensity on T2-weighted images were observed. Sixteen patients underwent follow-up examinations after the initial examination. Various signal changes in the vertebral body were recognized. The longer the period of follow-up, the less abnormal the signal intensity became on both T1- and T2-weighted images. Several cases showed no change in signal intensity. In all of 17 patients re-examined after injection of Gd-DTPA, infected vertebral bodies were enhanced. We classified the enhancing patterns of infected vertebral bodies in three types: A) homogeneous, B) homogeneous with strong enhancement adjacent to the end plate, C) inhomogeneous. Pyogenic spondylodiskitis tended to show patterns A or B, and tuberculous spondylodiskitis pattern C. The enhancement effect disappeared after normalization or remission of laboratory findings. In two cases, the enhancement effect remained even after laboratory findings became normal. Contrast MRI was useful for understanding infectious state.

Adolescent↗