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Biomedical subjects

H Takeuchi

Publications and source records attributed to H Takeuchi.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Temporomandibular dysfunction, chronic orofacial pain and oral motor disorders in the 21st century.

This article describes the various sensory and motor disorders that afflict the orofacial region. These abnormalities are broadly separated into three groups of pathologic conditions: temporomandibular disorders; chronic orofacial pain disorders; and oral motor disorders. This article focuses on the diagnostic features of each specific disorder, suggesting alternate nomenclature for each disorder.

Bruxism↗
PubMed1995

An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, N omega-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, attenuates hypotension but does not improve cardiac depression in anaphylaxis in dogs.

We investigated whether a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor improves cardiovascular depression associated with anaphylaxis. After induction of anaphylactic circulatory depression, one group received an NOS inhibitor (Group I, n = 6) and the other received saline solution (Group II, n = 5). Mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. Hematocrit was significantly lower in Group I than in Group II. Cardiac output, stroke volume, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, the maximum rate of increase in left ventricular pressure, and the time constant of the fall in isovolumic left ventricular pressure did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, L-NAME attenuates hypotension, but does not improve cardiac depression in anaphylaxis in dogs. Our finding that NOS inhibitor did not improve cardiac function implies that the production of NO in anaphylaxis may have a protective effect with regard to cardiac performance.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1995

[Four cases of urinary lithiasis associated with chronic inflammatory bowel disease].

We report 4 cases of urinary lithiasis associated with chronic inflammatory bowel disease. All cases were surgically treated and the mode of operation was total colectomy in two cases, ileal resection (1 m) in 1 case and total colectomy and ileal resection (1 m) in 1 case. The composition of the stone was uric acid in 2 cases treated with total colectomy and calcium oxalate in the other 2 cases treated with ileal resection. Low urine volume was observed in 3 cases and acid urine in all cases. Hypocitruria was observed in 3 cases. Two cases with ileal resection showed enteric hyperoxaruia and increased urinary excretion of oxalate was observed on the oxalate loading test.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Diurnal renal responses in man to water loading at sea level and 31 atm abs.

The hyperbaric environment causes a sustained diuresis accompanied by normal water intake and a decrease in insensible water loss. The maintained water intake may be necessary for the maintenance of water balance because of a reduced ability of the kidney to retain water, or may be causal in the diuresis. This problem was studied in four male subjects. Each ingested 1 liter of water (15 degrees C) at 0800 and 2000 h on different days, at 1 atm abs during a predive control, at 31 atm abs, and at 1 atm abs during the postdive control period. Urine was collected 30 min before and 3 h after the drink. Plasma vasopressin (VP) showed a circadian rhythm only at 1 atm abs, higher during the daytime. Because of this, and slightly lower VP levels at hyperbaria, a decrease in VP in response to the water load was significantly detectable only at 1 atm abs during the daytime. At 60 min after all water loads, there were no differences in plasma VP or plasma or urinary osmolality. Variability in the length of time of similarly reduced urine osmolality and increased free water excretion accounted for the increased urine flow during day compared to night (P < 0.05) at 120 and 150 min after the water load. The ability to excrete a water load both day (free water clear-ance, P < 0.05 at 60 min post-drink) and night (free water clearance, P < 0.05 at 60, 90, and 120 min post-drink) at 31 atm abs was enhanced. It is concluded that maintained water intake at hyperbaria is necessary to maintain water balance because there is a reduced ability of the body through renal mechanisms to retain a water load.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Continent urinary reservoir using sigmoid colon and appendix after pelvic exenteration for bulky leiomyosarcoma: a case report.

We report on a man with bulky leiomyosarcoma occupying the entire pelvic cavity that was treated by pelvic exenteration. A urinary reservoir was constructed using a detubularized segment of sigmoid colon. The appendix was tunneled into the taenia to form a continent catheterizable stoma using the Mitrofanoff principle. Descending colostomy was also created. There is no evidence of recurrence 24 months after treatment and the patient has returned to full physical activity. Continence is complete with a capacity of up to 500 ml. and regular bowel movements. Because of the lack of intestinal anastomosis, this procedure may be recommended as an option for urinary diversion after pelvic exenteration.

Appendix↗
PubMed1995

[A case of facial diplegia in associated with reactivation of herpes simplex virus type I].

A 27-year-old Japanese man developed right peripheral facial palsy after suffering from a cold and low-grade fever for 7 days. Left peripheral palsy developed 4 days later. When he visited our hospital 3 days after that, neurological examination revealed no abnormalities except peripheral facial diplegia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was normal on admission and on hospital day 12. On admission, the patient had a transient increase of serum titers of HSV type I IgM (fluorescence assay). Then, serum titers of HSV type I IgG (ELISA) continuously increased. A diagnosis of peripheral facial diplegia due to reactivation of HSV type I was made clinically and serologically. Steroid pulse therapy was performed and his facial diplegia disappeared completely after 2 weeks. This case may support the hypothesis of virus etiology of Bell's palsy, and HSV type I should be considered as one of the possible causes of facial diplegia.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Osteoconduction in porous hydroxyapatite ceramics grafted into the defect of the lamina in experimental expansive open-door laminoplasty in the spinal canal].

We have investigated the osteoconduction in porous hydroxyapatite ceramics grafted into the defect of the lamina of dogs in expansive open-door laminoplasty. Porous Hydroxyapatite block (HAB) was sintered at 900 degrees C with size of 4 x 7 x 19 mm, a mean pore diameter of 90 microns and a void volume of 70%. The operation was performed in 29 dogs. The animals were sacrificed at three or at six months after the operation (the three-month group and the six-month group). After the grafted HABs with adjacent vertebrae were removed, the stability of the grafted HABs was manually evaluated. The HAB was firmly fixed to the laminae in 14 of 20 cases. It seemed that the stability of the HAB was poor in those cases in which the HAB had not been tightly sutured. To investigate osteoconduction, serial sections of the laminar bones including the HAB were prepared without decalcification and were examined histologically. New bone formation in the pores of the HAB was found in all cases. However, the osteoconduction rate was higher in the six-month group than in the three-month group (p < 0.01). And the osteoconduction rate was higher in those cases in which the HAB was firmly fixed to the laminae than in those with a loosely fixed HAB. Bone ingrowth in the HAB was frequently observed in the zone adjacent to the bone, more so than in other zones. Osteoconduction appeared to occur at the contact surface and to extend towards the center of the HAB.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[A case of granulomatous orchitis].

A 69-year-old man complained of a painless left scrotal swelling. The scrotal mass was enlarged to a hen's egg size with a smooth surface. The scrotal ultrasonogram showed diffuse hypoechogenicity. A testicular tumor was suspected and left high orchiectomy was performed. Histopathological diagnosis was granulomatous orchitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Efficacy of the artificial ventilation for the treatment of IgE-mediated anaphylactic shock in dog].

To evaluate efficacy of artificial ventilation with 100 % oxygen for treatment of IgE-mediated anaphylaxis, we compared survival of control ventilated dogs with one of dogs with spontaneous ventilation. Fourteen dogs sensitized to Toxica canis were randomly assigned to two groups: spontaneous respiration group (Group S, n = 8) and artificial ventilation group (Group A, n = 6). All dogs were anesthetized with pentobarbital. In Group S, all dogs breathed spontaneously with constant flow of 4 l.min-1 of oxygen. Spontaneous respiration maintained an end-tidal CO2 level between 40 and 50 mmHg. In Group A, the dogs, paralyzed with pancuronium, were ventilated mechanically with 100 % oxygen, and the tidal volume was adjusted to maintain an end-tidal CO2 level between 35 and 40 mmHg. After measurements of pulmonary resistance (RL), dynamic compliance (Cdyn), and circulatory parameters at baseline, Ascaris suum antigen was administered intravenously into the systemic circulation to induce IgE-mediated anaphylaxis. RL, Cdyn and circulatory parameters were recorded continuously for 120 min after antigen challenge. Analysis of arterial blood gases was done throughout the study. Survival rates were 100 % and 50 % in Group A and Group S, respectively. In 7 of 8 dogs in Group S, apnea was observed during the period of 1 min to 5 min after antigen challenge, and the apnea continued during the period of 30s to 22 min. Four dogs died during the period of 20 min to 30 min after antigen challenge. In both groups, RL increased significantly and Cdyn decreased significantly after antigen challenge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1995

[Acute myeloid leukemia (M1) following chemotherapy for Ki-1 lymphoma complicated with rheumatoid arthritis].

A 58-year-old woman complicated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was admitted to our hospital with right axillar lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly in November 1992. She was diagnosed as an anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (Ki-1 +) (stage IIIB) on the histological findings of the right axillar lymph nodes. She was treated with 11 courses of CHOP regimen between February 1992 and May 1993, and with mitoxantrone, etoposide (VP-16) and predonisolone in April 1992 and May 1993. The right axillar lymph nodes and spleen were irradiated at a dose of 36Gy in October 1992 and May 1993 respectively. In May 1993, peripheral blood showed WBC 89,000/microliter with 96% myeloblasts, Hb 8.3 g/dl, and Plt 124,000/microliter. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypercellularity with 90% myeloblasts, which were positive for CD13 and HLA-DR. She was diagnosed as AML (M1). The karyotype showed normal. Southern blot analysis did not reveal the rearrangement of the MLL gene. She received the BHAC-DMP regimen and obtained complete remission. However, she relapsed during consolidation therapy, and died of cerebral bleeding. An autopsy revealed absence of a residual tumor. The mean interval from exposure to alkylating agent to the onset of secondary leukemia has been reported to be about 5 years, in contrast to a shortened interval of about 2 years for VP-16-induced leukemia. In our patient, it took only 1 year to have AML following chemotherapy for Ki-1 lymphoma. This suggests that her AML might be induced not only by treatments for RA and Ki-1 lymphoma, but also by immunological background such as RA.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

[Immunoadsorption therapy on Fisher's syndrome--removal ability of anti-ganglioside antibodies by tryptophan-linked immunoadsorbent].

There have been several reports describing that immunoadsorption therapy improves the neurologic involvement in Fisher's syndrome (FS). However, few studies have assessed the usefulness of immunoadsorption therapy in view of the removal ability of anti-GQ(1b) antibody, which may function the development of FS. We examined the ability of immunoadsorbents for the anti-GQ(1b) antibody in a patient with FS. A 28-year-old woman developed diplopia and giddiness following a cough, fever and diarrhea. On admission (day 22), neurologic examination showed bilateral moderate oculomotor paralysis and bilateral complete abducens paralysis. She had areflexia, numbness of middle and ring fingers on the left and mild ataxic gait. Her serum had IgG anti-GQ(1b) and anti-GD(1b) antibodies. We examined the absorption of anti-ganglioside antibodies onto a polyvinyl alcohol gel (PVA), a phenylalanine-linked PVA (PH-350) and a tryptophan-linked PVA (TR-350) by the batchwise adsorption method. TR-350 absorbed the autoantibodies, but the removal ability of autoantibody by PVA and PH-350 was not proved. The FS patient was treated with TR-350 (days 29, 34 and 43) and PH-350 (day 39). Anti-GQ(1b) and anti-GD(1b) antibodies were significantly removed by the TR-350, in accordance with the results of the in vivo study. There was little loss of albumin as compared with the immunoglobulins and complements. The numbness and ataxia disappeared on day 44. The diplopia disappeared on day 106. TR-350 would be better than PH-350 in the treatment of FS by immunoadsorption therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Further study on the effects of achatin-I, an Achatina endogenous neuroexcitatory tetrapeptide having a D-phenylalanine residue, on Achatina neurones.

Achatin-I (Gly-D-Phe-Ala-Asp), a tetrapeptide having a D-phenylalanine residue and isolated from Achatina ganglia, has been proposed as an excitatory neurotransmitter of Achatina neurones. In the present study, it was demonstrated using Achatina giant neurones that achetin-I, perfused at alow concentration, enhanced an inward current (Iin) caused by 5-hydroxytryptamine (fast component) and an outward current (Iout) caused by FMRFamide (Phe-Met-Arg-Phe-NH2), and that this peptide suppressed an Iin caused by oxytocin, and Iout caused by acetylcholine and APGW-amide (Ala-Pro-Gly-Trp-NH2). These findings indicate that achatin-I acts not only as a neurotransmitter but also as a neuromodulator for these neurones. In the preliminary experiments, it was shown that an Iin caused by achatin-I on an Achatina giant neurone type, PON (periodically oscillating neurone), was suppressed by H-89 (a PKA inhibitor) and W-7 (calmodulin inhibitor), and that an Iin caused by achatin-I on v-RCON (ventral-right cerebral distinct neurone) was suppressed by KT5823 (PKG inhibitor), suggesting that achatin-I acts on PON via the cyclic AMP-PKA system and on v-RCON via the cyclic GMP-PKG system. Moreover, calmodulin would play a role to produce the Iin for achatin-I on PON via the system mentioned.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Fetal urine production at different gestational ages: correlation to various compromised fetuses in utero.

To reveal which fetal life-threatening diseases significantly contribute to impairment of in-utero urine production and also to determine the gestational age at which time aberrant urine production becomes manifest, we observed 376 compromised fetuses (subject group) at 21-42 weeks' gestation using ultrasonography. A total of 358 uncomplicated fetuses, aged 21-40 weeks, were separately chosen as a control group. Statistical differences in the urine production rate between subject- and control-group fetuses were analysed using the Grubbs-Smirnoff test at corresponding gestational ages. Significant decreases were evident in: bilateral renal agenesis (100%) at 21-23 weeks; bilateral infantile polycystic kidney (100%) at 21-28 weeks; bilateral multicystic kidney disease (100%) at 21-31 weeks; donor fetuses with twin transfusion syndrome (TTS) (100%) at 21-28 weeks; post-term fetuses (100%) at 42 weeks; bilateral hydronephrosis (60%) at 21-38 weeks; non-immunologic hydrops fetalis (42%) at 21-35 weeks; intrauterine growth retardation (41%) at 29-40 weeks; and upper gastrointestinal tract obstruction (36%) at 30-38 weeks. Significant increases were noted in: recipient fetuses with TTS (100%) at 21-28 weeks, and unilateral hydronephrosis (36%) at 27-32 weeks. All indicate that urine production clearly delineates various fetal conditions in utero, in a closely disease-dependent relation to gestational age.

Diuresis↗
PubMed1994

[Ability of subtraction and dynamic MR imaging to detect breast tumors: comparison with ultrasonography and mammography].

We evaluated the ability of subtraction and dynamic MR imaging to accurately detect breast tumors. Sixty-five breast carcinomas and 24 fibroadenomas were examined by an SE pulse sequence using a 0.2 Tesla unit. Subtraction MR images were obtained every minute during dynamic study with Gd-DTPA. Almost all breast tumors were seen as very bright masses, and the margin of the mass was clearly demonstrated on subtraction MR images. Breast carcinomas and fibroadenomas showed characteristic time-intensity curves on dynamic study, Time-intensity curves of the early peak type and plateau type were seen in 97% of breast carcinomas, while the gradually increasing type was seen in 92% of fibroadenomas. The detectability of breast carcinoma was 98% by MRI, 98% by ultrasonography, and 87% by mammography. That of fibroadenoma was 95% by MRI, 91% by ultrasonography and 60% by mammography. Sensitivity and specificity for breast carcinoma were 98% and 92% for MRI and 97% and 71% for ultrasonography. For fibroadenoma, they were 96% and 98% for MRI and 89% and 92% for ultrasonography.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Clinical significance of glucocorticoid pharmacodynamics assessed by antilymphocyte action in kidney transplantation. Marked difference between prednisolone and methylprednisolone.

A number of studies have demonstrated the impact of glucocorticoid response of peripheral lymphocytes on kidney allograft survival, suggesting that the better the glucocorticoid selection, the better the clinical outcome. However, individual differences in pharmacodynamics of clinically important glucocorticoids have not been taken into account. Four glucocorticoids (hydrocortisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, and dexamethasone) were examined for their ability to suppress in vitro blastogenesis of mitogen-stimulated PBL obtained from 122 chronic renal failure (CRF) patients waiting for renal transplantation and 98 healthy volunteers. Concentrations of steroids that gave 50% inhibition of lymphocyte blastogenesis (IC50) were determined individually in order to compare steroids and subject groups. Graft outcomes in 36 kidney transplant recipients treated with prednisolone were compared retrospectively with the prednisolone pretransplant IC50 values. Lymphocyte response to each glucocorticoid showed wide deviations among the subjects. Prednisolone IC50 values of the CRF patients showed the largest deviation, ranging from 1.0 to 10,000 micrograms/L. Thus, a significantly large population of the CRF patients (26.2%), when compared with the healthy subjects (4.1%) showed a marked decrease in lymphocyte response to prednisolone (P < 0.01). The binding capacity and affinity of lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors did not differ significantly between the responders and nonresponders, suggesting that steroid resistance is a post-receptor event. The antilymphocyte potency of prednisolone assessed by IC50 of the steroid was less than that of hydrocortisone, whereas methylprednisolone was > 12-fold superior to prednisolone. After kidney transplantation, CRF patients who showed impaired preoperative lymphocyte response to prednisolone had a significantly high incidence of acute allograft rejection under prednisolone/CsA therapy (P < 0.01). It is concluded from these results that methylprednisolone could be of benefit to prednisolone-resistant recipients, who can be identified by the preoperative lymphocyte culture.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Structural specificity of peptides in Z-DNA formation and energetics of the peptide-induced B-Z transition of poly(dG-m5dC).

The effects of oligopeptide binding in the conformation of double-stranded poly(dG-m5dC) have been examined by circular dichroism spectroscopy. Conversion from the right-handed B-form to the left-handed Z-form occurs very efficiently in the presence of peptides having amino acid sequences of the (Lys-X)n-Lys type, where X is a non-bulky amino acid residue such as Gly, Ala and Lys. The ability to induce the B-Z transition increases rapidly with increasing repeat number n, and the peptides with n = 2-3 readily convert the B-form DNA to the Z-form at a peptide/nucleotide molar ratio of 0.06 to 0.08 (one peptide per 13 to 17 nucleotides). The peptide-induced B-Z transition of poly(dG-m5dC) duplexes takes place even at a physiological salt concentration (150 mM NaCl). The activation energy and van't Hoff enthalpy of the B-Z conversion have been determined to be 124 (+/- 7) and 138 (+/- 12) kJ/mol, respectively, for the (Lys-Gly)2-Lys-induced transition. The van 't Hoff enthalpy of the peptide-induced B-Z transition is particularly small compared to those of the transitions caused by other inducers. The large enthalpic contribution to the Z-DNA formation indicates that the peptide binds preferentially to the Z-arranged DNA phosphate groups and stabilizes the Z-stretch significantly. It is pointed out that some DNA-binding proteins have amino acid sequences that favor Z-DNA.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

In vitro drug release behavior of D,L-lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) nanospheres with nafarelin acetate prepared by a novel spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method.

Nanospheres with D,L-lactide/glycolide copolymer (PLGA) were prepared as a biodegradable and biocompatible polymeric carrier for peptide drugs by a novel spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method. Nafarelin acetate (NA), a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue, was employed as a model peptide drug to investigate the encapsulation efficiency. The drug and PLGA, dissolved in an acetone-dichloromethane-water mixture, were poured into an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol under moderate stirring at room temperature. Spontaneous emulsification arising from a rapid diffusion of acetone from the organic to the aqueous phase enables preparation of PLGA submicron spheres 200-300 nm in size. The entrapment of NA in nanospheres was improved by blending low molecular weight (Mw = 4500) PLGA with higher molecular weight PLGA due to the synergistic effect of the rapid deposition of PLGA and the ionic interaction between NA and PLGA. By coadmixing a small amount of negatively charged phospholipids such as dipalmitoyl phosphatidylglycerol or dicetyl phosphate, the leakage of water-soluble NA was further prevented. The NA encapsulated in PLGA nanospheres was more stable than native NA in acidic medium (pH = 1.2). The drug-release behavior from nanospheres suspended in the disintegration test solution no. 1 (Japanese Pharmacopeia XII) exhibited a biphasic pattern. It was found tht the initial burst of release might be due to the degradation of the PLGA chain, as monitored by gel permeation chromatography. At a later stage, the drug was released more slowly, the rate of which was determined by the diffusion of the drug in the porous matrix structure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗