PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

H Teschler

Publications and source records attributed to H Teschler.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Elevated levels of bronchoalveolar lavage vitronectin in hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Vitronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein that is present in plasma and the extracellular matrix. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is characterized by pulmonary inflammation and damage to the extracellular matrix. Perhaps reflecting this, fibronectin has been found to be elevated in the lower respiratory tract of subjects with HP. Vitronectin, like fibronectin, binds to both extracellular matrix components and cells and may mediate tissue remodeling. Thus, it was investigated whether vitronectin might be increased in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of patients with HP. Vitronectin and, for comparison, fibronectin were measured in BAL fluid from 16 patients with HP and nine healthy control subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Vitronectin was significantly increased in the HP group (658.4 +/- 121.8 ng/ml) compared with the controls (58.4 +/- 11.1 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and was found to be positively correlated with fibronectin. Patients whose last antigenic exposure was 4 or fewer days before the BAL had statistically significantly higher BAL vitronectin and fibronectin than did patients whose last exposure was 5 or more days before the BAL. The serum vitronectin levels did not differ. There was no significant relationship between the lavage fluid vitronectin and fibronectin levels and the BAL cell profile in HP. This study confirms that vitronectin, like fibronectin, is a normal constituent of the lower respiratory tract, and demonstrates that vitronectin is elevated in the lower respiratory tract of patients with HP and may play a role in tissue remodeling and fibrosis in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Distribution of asbestos bodies in the human lung as determined by bronchoalveolar lavage.

Asbestos-related lung diseases tend to have distinct local distributions, for example, asbestosis first appears and tends to be more severe in the peripheral parts of the lower lung zones. The risk for asbestosis is related to the total asbestos burden of the lung. This suggests that the lower lobes in asbestos-exposed individuals may contain more asbestos than the other lobes. To test whether such topographic differences exist, we compared the number of retrieved asbestos bodies (AB) per ml BAL fluid in three groups of occupationally asbestos-exposed subjects who underwent BAL at different sampling sites. In Group 1 (n = 24) we performed BAL at three sites, namely in a segment of the right upper, right middle, and right lower lobe, to evaluate differences in asbestos body burden from lung apex to basis. There was a distinct increase in BAL asbestos body concentrations from the upper (21.2 +/- 9.1 AB/ml BAL fluid) to the middle (30.4 +/- 12.8 AB/ml BAL fluid) and to the lower lobe (56.0 +/- 20.2 AB/ml BAL fluid), all differences being significant (p < 0.01). In Group 2 (n = 40), we found good interlobar correlations for asbestos body counts between the right middle lobe (21.0 +/- 5.8 AB/ml BAL fluid) and the lingula (22.4 +/- 5.9 AB/ml BAL fluid) (r = 0.941, p < 0.001) and, in Group 3 (n = 15), between the ventral basal segment of the right (41.2 +/- 13.6 AB/ml BAL fluid) and left lung (39.0 +/- 13.6 AB/ml BAL fluid) (r = 0.966, p < 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Asbestos↗
PubMed1993

Bronchoalveolar lavage procollagen-III-peptide in recent onset hypersensitivity pneumonitis: correlation with extracellular matrix components.

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cells in the lung parenchyma, and may progress to fibrosis. The content of the fibroblast derived collagen metabolite procollagen-III-peptide (PCP-III) in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of HP patients has been found to be increased. Previous studies have shown elevation of the fibroblast adhesion molecules, vitronectin and fibronectin in the BAL fluid of recent onset HP. In view of these observations, it was hypothesized that increases in PCP-III would be associated with increases in vitronectin and fibronectin in the BAL fluid of subjects with untreated recent onset HP. BAL was performed in 14 patients with HP and nine normal controls. The aminoterminal domain of PCP-III was measured by radioimmunoassay, and vitronectin and fibronectin by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Detectable amounts of BAL PCP-III were seen in all HP patients but not in the normal controls (mean +/- SEM 5.1 +/- 1.2 versus < 0.2 ng.ml-1; i.e. below the limit of detection of the PCP-III assay). The BAL fluid concentration of PCP-III correlated well with the amount of vitronectin (r = 0.638) and fibronectin (r = 0.710). Except for PCP-III and mast cells, no significant correlations were found between PCP-III, vitronectin, fibronectin and the cellular parameters. The findings suggest that an increased turnover of collagens and proteoglycans is present in the lower respiratory tract of patients with recent onset HP, possibly reflecting remodelling of the extracellular matrix.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Local immune components in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) may have a potential role in contributing to a more precise definition of COPD disorders, but at present little is known about the cellular and biochemical changes that occur in BAL in the different stages of COPD. On the contrary, BAL features due to smoking habits, a well-known risk factor for COPD, have been widely investigated. We submitted to BAL 15 normal nonsmokers, 15 asymptomatic smokers and 11 smokers affected by chronic bronchitis. In this latter group BAL fluid recovery was significantly reduced and cellularity increased, but less prominently than in asymptomatic smokers. The CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly decreased in smokers with and without bronchitis, the CD8 percentage being positively correlated with the smoking history. NK cells were decreased in patients with chronic bronchitis. BAL neutrophils were increased in both smoker groups and a correlation was seen with smoking history and degree of airflow obstruction. Neutrophils are markedly involved in the oxidation of BAL proteins, as we could determine with the evaluation of the methionine sulphoxide/methionine ratio in BAL fluids. This finding may be relevant to better understand COPD pathogenesis and progression.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

BOOP in Europe.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP): the cytological and immunocytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage.

The cytological and immunocytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was studied in 10 patients with idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) and compared with the data in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 22), chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) (n = 9), and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) (n = 24). Lymphocyte subsets were enumerated using an immunoperoxidase slide assay. The BAL pattern in BOOP patients was characterized by several features: 1) colorful cell differentials with an increase in all cell types, most markedly in lymphocytes, and more moderately in neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells, as well as the presence of foamy macrophages and, occasionally, of plasma cells; 2) decreased CD4/CD8 ratio; 3) normal percentage of CD57+ cells; and 4) increase in activated T-cells in terms of human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression, and occasionally also interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) expression. The findings were most similar to those in EAA except for the CD25 expression, which was always normal, and the CD57+ cells, which were increased in EAA. The increase in lymphocytes discriminated best between BOOP and IPF. The eosinophils were significantly higher in CEP than in BOOP with little overlap. In conclusion, BAL may be of value to distinguish between BOOP and other interstitial lung disease.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1992

Pathogenesis, evaluation, and therapy for massive hemoptysis.

Massive hemoptysis is a rare, but life-threatening event. Death from massive hemoptysis is usually due to aspiration of blood. Thus, the initial evaluation should occur simultaneously with efforts to control the patient's airway and respiratory status. Therapeutic interventions can be directed with an understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and estimated rate of blood loss. Surgery remains the definitive therapy. However, more conservative measures can usually control acute bleeding and provide therapeutic alternatives for patients who are not surgical candidates.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Pulmonary fibrosis after inhalation of amorphous silicic acid].

Light- and scanning electron microscopical studies with energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis were performed on biopsy material obtained from two patients with longstanding occupational exposure to amorphous silica, in whom radiologically interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in vicinity of dust deposits, which could be identified as amorphous and rarely as crystalline silica, was found. The direct topographical relationship between the dust deposits and the tissue reaction indicate that the amorphous silica incorporated in the fibrotic foci is responsible for the development of the fibrosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Bronchoalveolar lavage cell data in alveolar proteinosis.

In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) from nine patients with alveolar proteinosis (AP), total and differential cell count and T-lymphocyte phenotyping were done and compared with those in 12 healthy volunteers comparable as to age and tobacco consumption. Although total cell count was not significantly different from that in control subjects, the most prominent feature in patients was an increase in the number of CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes within the alveoli. Conversely, the macrophage population was significantly reduced. The ratio of CD4/CD8 T-lymphocytes tended to be high, but this increase did not reach statistical significance. The pathophysiologic mechanism and the meaning of these alveolar cell changes in AP remain to be elucidated.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Asbestos content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid].

The concentration and size distribution of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) asbestos fibers (AF) longer than 2 microns was determined by analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The concentration of asbestos bodies (AB) was measured by TEM and light microscopy (LM). The study group consisted of 110 patients. 27 patients had no occupational asbestos exposure, 44 patients had occupational exposure to asbestos but no asbestos related disease and 39 patients had asbestos related diseases, either asbestosis (n = 34) or malignant mesothelioma of the pleura (n = 5) following long time asbestos exposure at the working place. Occupational asbestos exposure was reflected by increased asbestos fiber concentration in the BAL samples. Mean fiber concentration and size was different between the groups, but the scatter was large.

Asbestos↗
PubMed1990

[Procollagen-III-peptide in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as an index of fibrosis in sarcoidosis and idiopathic lung fibrosis?].

In order to answer the question whether in sarcoidosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis there is a relationship between the activity of alveolitis (T4/T8 ratio in sarcoidosis, number of granulocytes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis) and the activity of connective tissue formation (type III procollagen peptide in the BAL fluid) BAL was performed in 12 healthy subjects, 33 patients with type II sarcoidosis, and 26 patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In the unconcentrated BAL fluid of the healthy subjects, P3P was not measurable. On the basis of the T4/T8 ratio and P3P in type II sarcoidosis, three groups of patients with possibly different risks of progression were found: 1) T4/T8 normal and P3P not or only mildly elevated, 2) T4/T8 elevated and P3P normal or only mildly elevated, 3) T4/T8 elevated and P3P greatly increased. In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the concentration of P3P correlated significantly with the number of granulocytes and the clinical activity parameters. On the basis of these results, we conclude that P3P levels in the BAL fluid, as a direct measure of connective tissue neogenesis, may be a valuable addition to cellular and immunocytological BAL findings.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of the activation of alveolar lymphocytes in alveolar proteinosis].

In 7 patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, differential cytology and lymphocyte subsets in BAL fluid were investigated. The study showed that pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is another disorder characterized by a lymphocytic alveolitis and activation of T-lymphocytes (expression of HLA-DR antigens and IL-2 receptors). Our data indicate that immunological mechanisms involving T-cell activation may contribute to be pathogenesis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Adult↗