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Biomedical subjects

I Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to I Andersen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Place of delivery in The Netherlands: actual location of confinement.

Preferred and actual locations of confinement were compared in a group of 170 nulliparous women. Voluntary changes in preferred location for birth were rare and concerned only changes from hospital to home confinement. Obligatory changes due to referral to consultant obstetricians occurred frequently: 58.8% of the total sample. Fewer referrals were found for women with an initial preference for a home confinement (53%) than for those who preferred a hospital confinement (64%). Most referrals occurred in the group of older women initially in doubt about their preferred location for giving birth: 72%. The differences were not significant, however. To reveal differences between referrals and non-referrals, discriminant analysis was performed at the 18th week of gestation. The explained variance for the total group of referrals was 64.7%. Partially, the variables pertaining to the explained variance were the same as those related to a preferred hospital confinement. The explained variance for the group of referrals in which psychosocial influences were presupposed was not better, with the exception of referrals due to insufficient progress during labour: 76.4% of the variance could be explained at the 34th gestational week. When birth weight and amenorrhoea were included, these percentages increased to 79.0 and 84.8%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Radiographic diagnosis of abdominal manifestations of AIDS].

Abdominal complications as intercurrent infections and malignancies in AIDS-patients are one of the principal sources of morbidity and mortality in this disease. Air-contrast barium radiography of the gastrointestinal tract and computed tomography or sonography of the abdomen is of great clinical value in the evaluation of visceral and nodal lesions in AIDS. The diagnosis is impeded by the coexistence of several diseases in many of the patients and the nonspecificity of the radiographic findings.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1990

Aetiology, medical history, and faecal weight in adult patients referred for diarrhoea. A prospective survey.

All patients referred for diarrhoea over a 2-year period were studied to determine the relative frequency of organic diarrhoea and functional disorder. One hundred and nine patients had diarrhoea of established aetiology at admission. Two hundred and one patients with diarrhoea of unestablished aetiology at admission were interviewed about symptoms, and faecal output was measured. An organic or other explanation was eventually found in 78 patients (39%), whereas the bowel symptoms were categorized as functional or transient in 58%. Chronic diarrhoea of unknown origin was seen in 3%. Only 40% of the patients referred for diarrhoea had faecal output greater than 200 g/day. A reliable differentiation between organic and functional diarrhoea based solely on history and a physical examination at admission was not possible, as the initial diagnostic guess was only confirmed in 42% of the patients. More sensitive and specific indicators of functional diarrhoea are needed before the patients can be safely classified without the need for thorough diagnostic study.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Determination of nickel in lung specimens of thirty-nine autopsied nickel workers.

Lung specimens from 39 nickel refinery workers autopsied during the period from 1978 to 1984 were analyzed for nickel. Fifteen of the workers were employed in the Roasting and Smelting Department, where exposure to nickel was predominantly in the form of nickel-copper oxides, Ni3S2 and metallic dust. The remaining 24 men worked in the Electrolysis Department. Exposure in this group was considered to be mostly to the water-soluble compounds, NiSO4 and NiCl2, but also to a lesser degree to water-insoluble nickel compounds such as nickel-copper oxides and sulphides. The arithmetic mean +/- SD for nickel concentration in lung tissues expressed in micrograms g-1 dry wt for the 39 workers was 150 +/- 280. In the workers employed in the Roasting and Smelting Department, the average nickel concentration was 330 +/- 380; for those who worked in the Electrolysis Department it was 34 +/- 48. Lung tissue from 16 autopsied persons not connected with the refinery had an average nickel concentration of 0.76 +/- 0.39. Statistical analysis based on log-normal distributions of the measured nickel concentrations allowed three major conclusions to be formulated: (1) nickel refinery workers exhibit elevated nickel levels in lung tissues at autopsy; (2) workers of the Electrolysis Department and the Roasting Smelting Department constitute distinct groups with respect to the accumulation of nickel in lung tissue; (3) workers who were diagnosed to have lung cancer had the same lung nickel concentrations at autopsy as those who died of other causes.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Prevalence of surreptitious laxative abuse in patients with diarrhoea of uncertain origin: a cost benefit analysis of a screening procedure.

The costs and medical benefits of an early, routine laxative screening test in patients with diarrhoea of uncertain origin was evaluated. During a two year period 200 consecutive, unselected patients complaining of diarrhoea were considered for the study in whom a three day faecal collection was undertaken. Fifty four patients denying laxative consumption had diarrhoea (mean daily stool weight greater than 200 g) of uncertain origin at their initial visit of whom 47 were screened to detect ingestion of anthraquinones, bisacodyl, phenolphthalein, and magnesium salts. Seven patients had positive tests. No single clinical feature could have predicted the outcome of the test. The possible cost savings of the programme were estimated by not releasing the results of the test to the clinicians until the patient's investigations were complete. The seven patients with laxative abuse spent a total of 35 days in hospital and were seen on 29 occasions in the outpatient clinic after the laxative screening test was positive. The cost of the screening programme was cheaper than the costs of the diagnostic procedures in patients with laxative abuse. We recommend the use of a comprehensive, early laxative screening programme in all patients with diarrhoea of uncertain origin as a cost effective procedure.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cardiac complications of intravenous digital subtraction angiography.

In a prospective study of 103 patients the incidence of cardiac events during intravenous digital subtraction angiography (i. v. DSA) was investigated. Of 103 patients 17 had known ischaemic heart disease. The examination was performed with an ionic contrast medium, Urografin 76% (sodium megluminediatrizoate), administered by bolus injection into the right atrium. Patients with severe cardiac disease were examined only if the procedure was considered of vital importance. Cardiac events were defined as ST-segment changes of more than 0.1 mV, changes in heart rate of more than 20%, arrhythmias and such symptoms as chest pain and dyspnoea. Ischaemic ST-segment changes during i. v. DSA were observed in approximately 20% of the patients and were not related to the presence of known ischaemic heart disease. Three patients developed angina during the procedure. Among 12 patients with known angina only one patient developed angina during the procedure. In this study chest pain was infrequent (3%), but there was a relative high frequency of ECG changes (20%) not related to patients with ischaemic heart disease only. It is concluded that there is a risk of cardiac events during i. v. DSA, but the risk is not increased in patients with known ischaemic heart disease (if they do not suffer from congestive heart failure) as compared with other patients without known ischaemic heart disease.

Angina Pectoris↗