Biomedical subjects

I Bairati

Publications and source records attributed to I Bairati.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1992

Double-blind, randomized, controlled trial of fish oil supplements in prevention of recurrence of stenosis after coronary angioplasty.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that recurrence of coronary stenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) might be prevented with dietary supplements rich in omega-3 fatty acids. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate this hypothesis. In addition, the relation between usual dietary consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and restenosis was assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted in which 205 patients undergoing a first PTCA received 15 capsules per day containing 1 g of either fish oil (2.7 g/day of eicosapentaenoic acid, 1.8 g/day of docosahexaenoic acid) or olive oil. The treatment was started 3 weeks before PTCA and continued for 6 months thereafter. Dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire. At 6 months after PTCA, patients underwent a control angiography. All angiographic lesions were measured by quantitative computer analysis. Four criteria were used to define restenosis. Restenosis occurred less often in the fish oil group (22.0-35.6% depending on the definition) than in the control group (40.0-53.3%). After controlling for other risk factors of restenosis, the association of fish oil supplementation with a lower frequency of restenosis was statistically significant (p = 0.03) for three of four definitions. After adjustment, a dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids of more than 0.15 g/day was also associated with a lower frequency of restenosis (p less than or equal to 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: This trial documented the protective effect of fish oil supplements on the recurrence of coronary stenosis 6 months after PTCA. The study results suggest that a dietary intervention could be useful in preventing restenosis.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗

PubMed1989

Mitral valve prolapse as a risk factor for infective endocarditis.

The frequency of mitral valve prolapse was assessed in 48 patients with mitral valve endocarditis and in 96 controls matched for age and sex, attending a routine family screening clinic or having surgery of the limbs. The frequency of mitral valve prolapse in cases with endocarditis (9 of 48 patients) was more than three times that in controls (6 of 96) (odds ratio 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-10.5). When patients with rheumatic heart disease, an established risk factor for infective endocarditis, were excluded from the study group, patients were nearly six times more likely to have infective endocarditis than were controls (odds radio 5.7; 95% CI 1.8-18.4). However, a higher risk of infective endocarditis was seen only in the subjects with mitral valve prolapse and a previously known systolic murmur (odds ratio 14.5; 95% CI 1.7-125). The results indicate that mitral valve prolapse constitutes a true risk factor for infective endocarditis only when associated with the presence of a precordial systolic murmur.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Diet and genital warts: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinical observations support a substantial role for impaired immunity in the development of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Intake of vitamins, especially vitamins A and C, and alcohol consumption have been reported to influence immune response. GOAL OF THE STUDY: To examine the relationship between nutritional risk factors, including alcohol consumption, and the risk of genital warts. STUDY DESIGN: A case-control study was conducted among enrollees at four clinics of Group Health Cooperative in western Washington state. A total of 188 cases diagnosed with condyloma from April 1, 1987 to September 30, 1991 and 245 controls completed a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: After adjustment for socioeconomic indicators, total energy intake, smoking and sexual behavior, a weekly consumption of two to four alcoholic drinks was associated with an almost doubled risk of genital warts (OR = 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0-3.6). Consuming five or more alcoholic drinks per week was even more related to the risk of genital warts (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.2-5.1). The risks tended to increase with the number of alcoholic drinks (P = 0.006). Vitamin A and C intakes as measured by a food frequency questionnaire did not alter the risk of condyloma. CONCLUSION: Moderately high consumption of alcohol is associated with increased risk of condyloma. Further biological and epidemiological studies are needed to explain this association.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic predictors of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women with an ASCUS Pap smear.

OBJECTIVE: To identify cytologic parameters on Pap smears of women with an atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) diagnosis that could help cytologists to indicate whether a particular ASCUS case is most likely related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 1 or 2/3. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 360 eligible women diagnosed with ASCUS and referred to the colposcopy clinic of Saint-Sacrement Hospital participated in the study. Eligible women were those aged 18-50 years, newly diagnosed with ASCUS, with no history of cervical biopsies or treatment, and not pregnant at the time of the visit. Colposcopically directed biopsies of lesions were obtained. All Pap smears were reviewed according to 36 different cytomorphologic criteria. The regression logistic model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the associations between cytologic criteria observed in smears and the diagnosis of CIN made on biopsies. All cytologic criteria significantly (P < .05) associated with CIN were entered in the models, and a backward selection was done to determine independent cytologic predictors of CIN 1 and 2/3. RESULTS: Biopsies revealed that 22.2% of the study population had concurrent CIN. CIN I and 2/3 were identified in 61 (16.9%) and 19 women (5.3%), respectively. Clear perinuclear spaces (OR = 2.5, P = .002) and moderate nuclear atypia (OR = 4.4, P = .02) were two cytologic criteria independently associated with CIN 1. Four independent predictors of CIN 2/3 were identified: the presence of clear perinuclear spaces (OR = 5.9, P = .004), hyperchromasia (OR = 3.9, P = .04), moderate anisokaryosis (OR = 13.1, P = .01 and increased nuclear volume of metaplastic cells (OR = 5.1, P = .007). CONCLUSION: These observations may help cytologists to better categorize ASCUS lesions as intraepithelial ones and will also contribute to improving the Bethesda definition of ASCUS. Further studies are planned to validate these observations.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a fish oil supplement on blood pressure and serum lipids in patients treated for coronary artery disease.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a concentrate of fish oil on blood pressure and serum lipids in patients treated for coronary artery disease. DESIGN: One hundred and twenty-five patients were randomly assigned to receive 15 g/day MaxEPA (4.5 g eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) or olive oil. Blood pressure and serum lipids were measured at enrollment and six months thereafter. MAIN RESULTS: As an important proportion of antihypertensive or antianginal drug users stopped their usual medication during the trial, blood pressure increased in both groups. The increase in systolic blood pressure was less in the fish oil group than in the control group (P = 0.002). Serum triglyceride levels decreased markedly in the fish oil group while they remained constant in the control group (P = 0.0001). Fish oil supplementation had no effect on total cholesterol and only marginal independent influence on high density lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, fish oil supplementation has a beneficial effect on blood pressure and serum triglycerides in patients treated for coronary artery disease.

Antihypertensive Agents↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Screening for a frequent cardiac disorder: mitral valve prolapse].

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) screening using bidimensional echocardiography was performed on 171 healthy subjects from Lorraine of both sexes, aged 20 to 60 years. Six men and seven women presented this valvular disease. In the Lorraine population, the estimated prevalence of MVP was 7.6% (95% confidence interval: 3.6-11.6%). In this study, only seven cases of MVP had a cardiac auscultation suggestive of MVP. As compared with echocardiography, clinical screening of MVP had a low validity (sensibility 54%, specificity 69%) and a poor positive predictive value (12.5%). Because MVP has severe complications, and because clinical screening has a low performance, a strategy of screening with bidimensional echocardiography could be interesting.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutrition of adolescent girls in Lorraine].

A survey concerning the nutritional habits, using the method of the dietary history, was undertaken among 273 girls aged 10 to 16 and examined at the Preventive Medicine Center in Nancy. The energy amount, on average 2,363 calories/day (9.88 MJ) and the distribution among the various nutriments differed little from the French recommendations. Energy intakes varied with bone ages and the socio-cultural level of parents. No intake changes were found with respect to the degree of overweight or to the growth peak. The study of the distribution of intakes according to the main groups of aliments showed the important place of dairy products (14.6%), breads (13.9%) as well as sweets and pastries (11.8%, 12.9%), distribution independent of age. Lunch represents the most important meal of the day (35.7%). Snacks provide as much energy as breakfast. The latter is insufficient in 20% of cases. However, this insufficiency is compensated during the day.

Adolescent↗