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Biomedical subjects

I Bruderman

Publications and source records attributed to I Bruderman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Long-term survival of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease following mechanical ventilation.

Fifty patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who survived their first artificial ventilation were followed for 15 years. Five-year survival was 30%, median survival 23.5 months, and average survival 44.9 months. Sudden death occurred in 47% of the patients (40% at home and 7% in the hospital). Using multivariate analysis, survival correlated positively and significantly with partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) on discharge (P less than 0.02), presence of wheezes or rhonchi (P less than 0.02), absence of right heart failure on admission (P less than 0.02), and male sex (P less than 0.05), and negatively with age (P less than 0.03). Sixty percent of the patients were artificially ventilated at least twice. Prognosis was better as the number of ventilations increased after the first ventilation. Our finding that discharge PaO2 was the factor that correlated best with survival suggests that treatment for these patients consist of continuous long-term use of domiciliary oxygen.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1988

Malignant thymoma with peripheral blood lymphocytosis.

A 37-year-old woman with a giant, lymphocytic predominant thymoma involving the pleura and accompanied by a sharp peripheral blood lymphocytosis is described. Only electromicroscopic and immunohistologic studies could exclude the alternative diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoma. The tumor and peripheral blood lymphocytes were characterized as T4 lymphocytes. The thymoma responded very well to a combination of radiation and cytotoxic therapy. Forty-two months after diagnosis, the patient is still is complete remission.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Functional analysis of mononuclear cells infiltrating into tumors: lysis of autologous human tumor cells by cultured infiltrating lymphocytes.

Lymphocytes separated from surgically resected tumor tissue, uninvolved lung tissue, and peripheral blood of lung cancer patients were investigated for cytotoxic potential and analyzed for their phenotypes at the time of surgery and after having been propagated for 4 to 5 wk in the presence of interleukin-2. Most of the tumor lymphocyte infiltrates examined were shown to have a shift in favor of T8 subsets from those found in peripheral blood. No natural killer activity and low cytotoxicity against the autologous tumor were found to characterize the tumor-derived lymphocyte population. Propagation of lymphocytes from the different tissues of the cancer patient in the presence of interleukin-2 preparation induced widespread lytic activity against K562 cells, autologous and allogeneic tumors, but not autologous normal lung or lymphoblasts. However, cytotoxic activity against autologous tumor cells exerted by cultured tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was found to be significantly higher than the activity of cultured lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood or uninvolved lung tissue of the same patient. The elevated lytic activity of cells derived from the tumor tissue indicates the accumulation at the tumor site of precursors of natural killer-like cells and specifically stimulated antitumor effectors. Our results suggest the coexistence of two types of anti-autotumor cytotoxic lymphocytes at the tumor site: natural killer-like and specific cytotoxic T-cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Bronchial response to methacholine in parents of asthmatic children.

Cumulative dose response curves to inhaled methacholine were established in 28 parents of asthmatic children, seven parents of healthy children, and four asthmatic patients. Bronchial sensitivity was defined as the dose of methacholine causing a 25 percent decrease in specific airway conductance while bronchial reactivity was determined by the slope of the cumulative dose response curve. Results indicated that parents with allergic rhinitis or airflow limitation in small airways may represent a high risk group, while parents with no atopy and normal pulmonary functions may reflect only the inherited characteristics of bronchial response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Frequency and time domain analysis of airflow breath patterns in patients with chronic obstructive airway disease.

Airflow patterns from patients with chronic obstructive airway diseases (COAD) and normal subjects were analyzed using time and frequency domain analysis. Data were recorded during tidal breathing with a pause between the breaths, digitized at 320 samples per second (10-bit resolution), and processed with a CDC 6600 computer. The appearance of high-frequency components (10-20 Hz) in the time domain waveform and the spectral curve in the power spectrum were studied. One complete waveform was taken as a reference signal and all subsequent waves were analyzed using the cross-correlation function which was employed via the cross spectrum and the fast Fourier transform algorithm. The energy content from the averaged spectrum and the root mean square (RMS) value from the filtered waveforms were calculated. Our study indicated that the RMS and the power content estimated from a part of the filtered wave (10-20 Hz) which included the time interval from the peak of the expiratory flow (tE) to the end of the flow curve (tN) were significantly greater in normal subjects (n = 13; 0.86 +/- 0.30 X 10(-2) I/s; P less than 0.00005 for RMS value, and 0.76 +/- 0.32 I/s; P less than 0.00005 for the power content) than in patients with chronic airways obstruction (n = 19; 0.40 +/- 0.13 X 10(-2) I/s; for RMS value and 0.35 +/- 0.16 I/s; for the power content). It is concluded that the RMS and the power values of the filtered flow curve during tidal breathing over the time interval tE-tN can detect chronic airway obstruction.

Electronic Data Processing↗
PubMed1986

Diagnostic value of the computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay for human colorectal, breast and lung cancers.

We have tested by the computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay, 319, 100 and 342 patients and controls for the presence of antitumor immunity to colorectal, breast and lung cancers. The assay was standardized and its sensitivity increased by using, as a challenging antigen, spent medium of human carcinoma cell lines and by the addition of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). By large, the sensitivity of the assay (after the addition of PGE2) was inversely related to tumor burden, namely, it was 82.7, 78.9, and 88.6% as compared to 57.1, 33.3, and 29.6% for the early and late stages of colorectal, breast and lung cancers, respectively. Calculating the frequency of disease in the population studied and in comparison with known frequencies of the same in the general population, the positive and negative predicting values (PVpos, PVneg) were obtained. Our results demonstrate that the LAI assay cannot be applied for mass screening since its low PVpos would impair its effectiveness. However, its application to a population at high risk for developing a particular malignancy or as a second-line modality to more conventional screening methods would increase its cost-effectiveness and favor its applicability.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Long-term survival in bronchogenic carcinoma with a solitary metastasis.

Partial resection of a huge anaplastic large cell carcinoma of the upper lobe of the right lung was performed in a 47-year-old patient in order to relieve symptoms of pulmonary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Several months later a solitary metastasis was noted in the muscles of the right forearm. The metastasis was resected and the forearm irradiated. The patient was further treated with injections of autologous tumour cell vaccine and BCG. Today, 7 years later, the patient is alive, without any signs of neoplastic disease.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1986

Changing pattern of lung tuberculosis.

In 46 (20%) of 233 consecutive patients with active lung tuberculosis, the localization of the tuberculous process was unusual. The majority of patients (81%) were greater than 40 years of age. Men predominated in the usual localized tuberculosis group, whereas women predominated in the group with unusual localized tuberculosis (UNLT). The most common site of tuberculosis in the UNLT group was the anterior segment of the upper lobe or the middle lobe. In 17.5% of the patients in the UNLT group, the diagnosis was established by thoracotomy only. In patients with "protracted pneumonia," or chest X-ray suggestive of neoplastic disease, tuberculosis should be included in the differential diagnosis, irrespective of the site of the lesion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Pulmonary functions and respiratory symptoms and diseases among adult Israelis. Variations by country of origin.

A study group of 1,299 adult Israelis aged 30 to 65 years was chosen from persons referred for evaluation of possible pulmonary diseases in two outpatient chest clinics. They were interviewed using the ATS-NHLI (American Thoracic Society-National Heart and Lung Institute) health questionnaire and underwent the pulmonary function test (PFT), which included the following parameters: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st sec (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), FEF50 and FEF25 (forced expiratory flow at 50 and 25% of FVC, respectively). The effect of the country of origin of the subjects on the distribution of respiratory symptoms, pulmonary diseases and PFT was analyzed. The lowest PFT values and an excess of reported respiratory symptoms and chronic obstructive airways diseases--especially asthma--among subjects and their parents were found among immigrants from Iraq-Iran. In immigrants from Morocco, reported respiratory symptoms, pulmonary diseases and impaired PFT were relatively uncommon. The different distribution of reported respiratory symptoms, pulmonary diseases and impaired PFT by country of origin could not be explained by environmental factors, such as smoking habits and socioeconomic background. The high prevalence of reported asthma among immigrants from Iraq-Iran is most probably due to a genetic factor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Prolonged respiratory center depression after alcohol and benzodiazepines.

A male patient was admitted to the hospital in coma and acute respiratory failure following the oral intake of benzodiazepines and alcohol. On the fourth day after admission, the patient was conscious, results of clinical examination of the respiratory system were normal, and pulmonary ventilation tests and blood gas measurements were within normal limits. However, mouth occlusion pressure and ventilatory response to CO2 were found to be markedly reduced. In the period of weaning the discrepancy between the normal clinical picture and blood gases and the laboratory findings of respiratory depression implies that there is a slowing in recovery of the respiratory center in this type of intoxication.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

A computerized tube leukocyte adherence inhibition assay in the diagnosis of human lung cancer.

A computerized tube LAI assay was used to determine the antitumor immune response in lung cancer patients. A standardized assay was established by the use of tumor antigen recovered from the spent medium of lung and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Furthermore, modulation of the assay by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was used to increase its sensitivity. Of 65 patients with epidermoid lung cancer, 34 (52.3%) had a positive nonadherence index (NAI). The NAI was inversely related to tumor burden, with 31 of 44 (70.6%) patients with lung cancer stages I and II and only 3 of 21 (14%.2%) patients with stage III having positive assays (greater than 30%). Addition of PGE2 to the as say increased the overall sensitivity so that a positive NAI was obtained in 88.6% of patients with lung cancer stages I and II, and 88.6% with stage III, respectively. Of 174 individuals from the control group, positive NAI was found in only 9 and 3.8% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and normal controls, respectively. These results support previous observations on the specificity and sensitivity of the LAI assay in the diagnosis and study of human cancer.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗