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Biomedical subjects

I Bruderman

Publications and source records attributed to I Bruderman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Adrenal insufficiency in a general hospital over a 14-year period.

Over a 14-year period, 26 patients with adrenal insufficiency of multiple etiology were evaluated. Eight were diagnosed at autopsy, six of whom had acute bilateral adrenal hemorrhage. Nine had chronic adrenal insufficiency. Of these, five were idiopathic and three had polyglandular disorders. Four others had tuberculosis. Six of nine patients with chronic adrenal insufficiency were hyperpigmented. Unusual manifestations of adrenal hypocorticism included hypercalcemia, flaccid paralysis, and joint contractures. The presence of multiple hormonal deficiencies focused the diagnosis on hypopituitarism. Two cases of isolated ACTH deficiency were detected. Patients with familial Mediterranean fever with amyloidosis commonly presented with reduced adrenal reserve rather than overt insufficiency. Metastatic cancer of the adrenal glands was a rare cause of reduced adrenal reserve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Hypophosphatemia as a reversible cause of refractory ventilatory failure.

An 81-yr-old male with pulmonary emphysema was hospitalized because of malnutrition and hypoglycemia. This patient developed ventilatory failure requiring mechanical assistance 12 h after initiation of iv hyperalimentation. Severe hypophosphatemia (0.1 mg/dl), mild hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypokalemia were subsequently and concomitantly documented. Repeated attempts to wean him from the respirator failed until hypophosphatemia was corrected. When difficulties are encountered in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation, attention should be directed toward detection of hypophosphatemia. This may be crucial in the presence of chronic lung disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

A comparative study of various combinations of ipratropium bromide and metaproterenol in allergic asthmatic patients.

The bronchodilator effect of ipratropium bromide (IB) (Atrovent-Sch 1000), 40 micrograms inhaled, and metaproterenol (Met), 1.25 mg in various combinations, was compared in ten allergic asthmatic patients, aged 23 to 63 years. Six combinations were used at random in a double blind study. The following ventilatory functions-FVC, TGV, SGAW, FEV1, FEF 25-75, VEmax, VE50, VE25, were measured at 30 min. intervals for the first two hours and at 60 minute intervals for the additional three hours. Inhalation of IB followed by Met resulted in additive bronchodilator effect that was significantly greater and longer than IB alone (p less than 0.05), Met alone (p less than 0.05), two consecutive inhalations of Met (p less than 0.05), or Met followed by IB (p less than 0.05). The bronchodilating effect of IB and Met after five hours was the same as IB after one hour.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Thymic cyst manifesting as subpulmonic fluid.

A 13-year-old girl was hospitalized for further investigation of abdominal pain and pain on the left side of the chest. Laparoscopy and subsequent laparotomy findings were negative. Chest roentgenograms disclosed subpulmonic fluid, the examination of which exposed a sterile mononuclear exudate. Because of these findings and a positive first-strength PPD tuberculin skin test result, the patient received antituberculosis and steroid therapy for six months with no effect. Exploratory thoracotomy revealed a thymic cyst situated in the left subpulmonic area. Thus another possible origin of subpulmonic effusions should be considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Minimal-change nephropathy and malignant thymoma.

A 56-year-old man had fever, precordial pain, and a mediastinal mass. The mass disappeared two months later and the patient remained asymptomatic for 2 1/2 years. At that time a full-blown nephrotic syndrome developed, with minimal-change glomerulopathy. The chest x-ray film showed the reappearance of a giant mediastinal mass. On biopsy of the mass, malignant thymoma was diagnosed. Association between minimal-change disease and Hodgkin's disease is well known, while the association with malignant thymoma has not been previously reported. The relationship between malignant thymoma and minimal-change disease is discussed, and a possible pathogenic mechanism involving cell-mediated immunity is proposed.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

The effects of sodium substitution and ouabain on ion transport by dog tracheal epithelium.

Using ouabain and sodium removal, we studied the mechanism of chloride transport by dog tracheal epithelium. When applied to the submucosal side of the tissue, 2 x 10(-4) M ouabain decreased the short-circuit current, the net chloride flux toward the lumen, and the net sodium flux toward the submucosa to zero after 30 min. Applied to the luminal side, ouabain had little effect. Potassium-free medium, like ouabain, decreased the short-circuit current when present in the submucosal bath; on the luminal side ti produced a slight increase (7.0 +/- 1.5 per cent; n = 6) in short-circuit current. Replacement of sodium in the submucosal bathing medium by choline led to a decrease in net chloride flux of 84 per cent. Sodium replacement in the luminal bath produced no change in net chloride flux. It is proposed that chloride secretion by this tissue depends on active basolateral sodium pumps, and that a component of chloride entry into the transporting cells from the submucosal medium may be sodium-linked.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Salmonella empyema as a complication in malignant pleural effusion.

Salmonella empyema in an immunologically compromised patient with malignant pleural effusion is described. Antimicrobial treatment was ineffective when given parenterally. Intrapleural administration of antibiotics resulted in a rapid rise of the antibacterial activity of the pleural fluid, leading to rapid clinical improvement and eradication of the infections.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Reversibility of small airway obstruction after therapy with salbutamol. Studies in asymptomatic asthmatic patients after inhalation of pressurized aerosol.

A group of 18 asymptomatic asthmatic patients and a control group of five healthy individuals were examined in order to evaluate the effect of inhalation of 400 microng of salbutamol on the small airways. All patients were free of symptoms for at least three days before the investigation. On the day of investigation, total lung resistance, static lung compliance, and dynamic compliance at a respiratory frequency of 60 breaths per minute (Cdyn60) were measured. While no change in Cdyn60 occurred in the control group, a statistically significant decrease in Cdyn60 was found before inhalation of salbutamol in all 18 asthmatic patients (P less than 0.005), indicating obstruction of small airways. After inhalation of 400microng of salbutamol, a significant increase in Cdyn60 occurred (P less than 0.005), starting five minutes after inhalation and lasting over one hour, indicating an almost complete abolishment of the frequency dependence of lung compliance in these patients. The present findings indicate that sulbutamol aerosol has a potent bronchodilator effect on the large, as well as the small, airways in the early stage of recovery following an acute asthmatic attack.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Beclomethasone dipropionate use in chronic asthmatic patients. Effect on adrenal function after substitution for oral glucocorticosteroids.

The clinical effectiveness of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) aerosol and adrenal function after withdrawal of oral corticosteroid therapy were evaluated in 32 severely steroid-dependent asthmatic patients. Twenty-four of 28 patients were able to discontinue oral glucocorticosteroid therapy, while four failed to do so. Ventilatory studies showed no substantial changes at the end of six months' BDP treatment. In 24 patients, adrenal insufficiency was present before BDP therapy was started. In 20 of those patients, the response of cosyntropin returned to normal two months after discontinuation of systemic steroid treatment and administration of BDP.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of pituitary-adrenal function in patients with chronic bronchial asthma following substitution of steroid treatment with disodium cromoglycate (Lomudal).

In a group of 32 steroid-dependent asthmatic patients an attempt was made to replace steroid treatment with disodium cromoglycate (Lomudal). Withdrawal of steroids was accompanied by a transitory stage of combined corticotropin-Lomudal treatment for 6 to 8 mo. Pituitary-adrenal function was assessed by ACTH and Metopirone test. Before treatment an impairment of pituitary-adrenal function was found in most of our patients, although in 26 patients a normal increment of plasma cortisol was found after ACTH stimulation. At the end of the combined treatment, 17 patients are now on Lomudal with normal pituitary-adrenal function, 9 patients need small quantities of steroids occasionally, and 6 patients are steroid-dependent.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗