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Biomedical subjects

I F Csaba

Publications and source records attributed to I F Csaba.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The prognosis of the possible foetal and placental complications during delivery by measuring maternal serum levels of pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein (SP1).

The correlation between pathological maternal SP1 serum levels and possible foetal complications during delivery was studied. In 1954, SP1 measurements were made in 823 pregnant women between the 32nd and 40th gestational weeks. On the basis of SP1 serum concentrations groups of patients were formed. The results clearly show that pathological SP1 serum concentrations are frequently associated with intrauterine growth retardation of the foetus, imminent intrauterine asphyxia, and cesarean section indicated by foetal distress. The SP1 placental function-test is recommended as a simple, inexpensive screening method for the detection of placental insufficiency.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1981

[The effect of prednisolone and ACTH on the in vitro metabolism of human placenta from early pregnancy (author's transl)].

The effects of prednisolone and ACTH on in vitro oxygen consumption and aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis of human placentas of early pregnancy were studied. Oxygen consumption and anaerobic glycolysis were significantly reduced by prednisolone, while ACTH resulted in a significant increase in aerobic glycolysis during the 2 hr experimental period.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1981

[The effects of progesterone and androgens on in vitro metabolism of human placenta from early pregnancy (author's transl)].

The effects of progesterone, testosterone and dehidroisoandrosterone on oxygen consumption, aerobic CO2-production and anaerobic glycolysis of human placentas from early pregnancy were studied. Oxygen consumption and anaerobic glycolysis were reduced by progesterone and dehidroisoandrosterone. Testosterone inhibits oxygen consumption first off all, while moderately decreases CO2 production in aerobic environment.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1981

The diagnostic value of maternal pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein in threatened abortion.

208 serum SP1 measurements have been made in 124 women admitted at the 8th to 20th gestational week for the treatment of threatened abortion. Pregnancy ended in abortion in 85,6 p.c. of the cases with pathological serum levels, while only 16,9 p.c. of the women with normal serum concentration aborted. The results demonstrate the prognostic value of serum SP1 estimations in early pregnancy.

Abortion, Threatened↗
PubMed1981

Activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in full-term newborn infants during the first week of life.

A study was performed in 7 healthy full-term newborn infants with mean birth weight of 3130 g (range, 2650-2850 g) and a mean gestational age of 38.8 weeks (range, 37-41 weeks) to investigate the postnatal changes of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PA) and urinary aldosterone excretion (UAE) in relation to electrolyte balance. PRA, PA and UAE fell significantly from their initially high values of 28.36 +/- 3.6 ng/ml/hr 1.5 +/- 3 ng/ml and 7.1 +/- 1.9 microgram/day on the first day to 6.84 +/- 2.9 ng/ml/hr (p less than 0.01), 0.71 +/- 0.1 ng/ml (p less than 0.01) and 5.5 +/- 1.6 microgram/day (p less than 0.05), respectively, on the 5th day. No significant correlation was found between either PRA and PA or PA and UAE. PRA and UAE showed a significant negative correlation with dietary sodium intake, the other parameters of sodium and potassium homeostasis, however, had no apparent influence on the activity of RAAS. The initial high level and the rapid postnatal decline in RAAS activity has been attributed to perinatal stress imposed by labour and delivery and not to the changes in sodium or potassium balance in the early days of life.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1980

On the mechanisms of renal sodium handling in newborn infants.

In an attempt to delineate the specific tubular defect in sodium reabsorption in low-birth-weight neonates, fractional sodium excretion (CNa/CCr), distal tubular sodium delivery (CNa+CH2O), and tubular sodium reabsorption [(CH2O/CH2O+CNa) X 100] were determined in 8 healthy premature and 10 full-term newborn infants. The mean birth weight was 1,701 g (range: 1,240--2,120 g) and the mean gestational age was 32.6 weeks (range: 28--35 weeks) for premature; and 3,199 g (range: 2,670--3,670 g) and 38.9 weeks (range: 38--41 weeks) for full-term neonates. It was demonstrated that the significantly higher fractional sodium excretion in premature infants (1.44 +/- 0.33 SE versus 0.36 +/- 0.09%), p less than 0.01) resulted from significantly decreased proximal (CNa+CH2O : 0.674 +/- 0.105 versus 0.360 +/- 0.069 ml/min/1.73m2, p less than 0.05) and distal [(CH2O/CH2O+CNa) X 100:69.9 +/- 3.3 versus 85.8 +/- 3.4%, p less than 0.01] tubular sodium reabsorption.

Blood↗
PubMed1980

Postnatal changes in urinary prostaglandin E excretion in premature infants.

Urinary PGE excretion was measured by radioimmunoassay in a group of 11 healthy premature infants with a mean birth weight of 1,502 g (range 1,050--1,950 g) and a mean gestational age of 31.6 weeks (range 29--33 weeks), respectively. Measurements were made on the 7th day of life and at weekly intervals thereafter until the 5th week of life. It was demonstrated that urinary PGE excretion significantly increased from the very low level of 6.23 +/- 0.70 ng/24 h (mean +/- SE) on the 7th day to a value of 17.99 +/- 3.53 ng/24 h by the end of the 3rd week (p less than 0.005). Later on it remained practically unchanged. It is suggested that its rapid increase during the first 3 weeks of life may be the result of the highly elevated activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and it may play a role in controlling renal blood flow.

Aging↗
PubMed1980

Furosemide-induced alterations in the electrolyte status, the function of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and the urinary excretion of prostaglandins in newborn infants.

To assess the responsiveness of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system of the neonate to acute furosemide stimulation and the role of renal prostaglandins in mediating the response of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, this study was carried out to determine simultaneously plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, urinary aldosterone, prostaglandin E, and prostaglandin F2 alpha excretion along with determination of plasma electrolyte concentration and urinary electrolyte excretion. Measurements were made on 19 newborn infants with mean birth weight and gestational age of 3009 g (range, 2700 to 4150 g) and 38.7 wk (range, 36 to 41 wk) at the age of 4 to 7 days before and after IM administration of furosemide in a dose of 1 mg/kg. It was demonstrated that in response to furosemide, urine volume (P less than 0.001), urinary sodium (P less than 0.001), potassium (P less than 0.05), and chloride (P less than 0.001) excretion increased significantly. Furosemide administration also resulted in a significant increase from 4.41 +/- 2.00 to 9.70 +/- 2.32 ng/ml/hr (P less than 0.02) in plasma renin activity, from 1.17 +/- 0.22 to 1.68 +/- 0.36 ng/ml (P less than 0.025) in plasma aldosterone, from 0.93 +/- 0.16 to 1.53 +/- 0.35 microgram/12 hr (P less than 0.025) in urinary aldosterone, from 17.53 +/- 3.37 to 23.73 +/- 3.16 ng/12 hr (P less than 0.025) in prostaglandin E, and from 16.48 +/- 4.12 to 26.27 +/- 4.12 ng/12 hr (P less than 0.05) in prostaglandin F2 alpha. It is concluded that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system of the neonate responds to acute furosemide challenge in spite of its high baseline activity, and its response may be mediated by increased renal prostaglandin production.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1980

Function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in relation to electrolyte balance in the small-for-date neonate.

To assess the influences of intrauterine growth retardation on the electrolyte status and the activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system of newborn infants, sodium and potassium balance, as well as plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary aldosterone excretion were determined simultaneously in a group of healthy growth retarded and healthy normally grown neonates. It was observed that intake, urinary excretion and retention rate of sodium and potassium as well as the plasma sodium and potassium levels were essentially the same in the two groups. Similarly, no significant difference was found in plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone level and urinary aldosterone excretion between the neonates whose birth weight was small or appropriate for gestational age. It is concluded that intrauterine growth retardation has no significant influence on the electrolyte status and the activity of the renin--angiotensin--aldosterone system, suggesting that in the regulation of these functions gestational factors are mainly involved.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1980

Sodium, potassium and aldosterone content of human milk during the first postnatal week.

In an attempt to obtain information about the hormonal control of the sodium content of human milk, simultaneous determinations were performed of the Na, K and aldosterone concentrations in milk samples collected from 6 mothers on the 2nd, 4th and 6th days after delivery. Na concentration (p less than 0.01), Na/K ratio (p less than 0.01) and aldosterone concentration (p less than 0.01) decreased significantly with advancing lactation. The rate of daily aldosterone excretion, however, rose considerably from 4.8 +/- 0.9 ng/day (mean +/- SE) on the 2nd to 12.2 +/- 1.6 ng/day on the 6th day post partum (p less than 0.01). A significant negative correlation was found between daily aldosterone excretion and Na concentration (p less than 0.05), as well as between aldosterone excretion and Na/K ratio (p less than 0.05) in human milk during the first week after delivery. It is suggested that the rate of aldosterone excretion may be of importance in the regulation of the Na concentration in human milk.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1979

Postnatal development of renal sodium handling in premature infants.

To estimate the contribution of the specific defect in proximal and distal tubular reabsorption of sodium to renal salt wasting, fractional sodium excretion, distal tubular sodium delivery, and distal tubular sodium reabsorption were determined in 11 healthy premature infants. The study was performed on the seventh day and at weekly intervals thereafter up to the sixth week of life. Sodium clearance and fractional sodium excretion decreased significantly with increasing postnatal age (P less than 0.001). There was no significant alteration in either osmolar or free-water clearances. Distal tubular sodium delivery steadily decreased from 4.96 +/- 0.66 (mean +/- SE) in the first week to 3.3 +/- 0.41 ml/minute/dl GFR in the sixth week of life (P less than 0.05). Distal tubular sodium reabsorption was 69.5 +/- 2.36% in the first week, then rose significantly to reach a value of 83.7 +/- 1.85% in the second week (P less than 0.001) and remained practically unchanged thereafter. It is suggested that the rapid improvement of distal tubular sodium reabsorption in premature infants might result from forced stimulation by the excessively activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

The possible role of prostaglandins in the hyperfunction of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the newborn.

Plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were measured by radioimmunoassay in eight newborn infants born vaginally to mothers on indomethacin treatment. Measurements were made in venous cord blood at birth and on the sixth day of life. The results were compared to those obtained in eight healthy control newborn infants of similar gestational age and birth weight. Maternal treatment with indomethacin was associated with a decrease of plasma renin activity (mean +/- SD) from 16.71 +/- 2.76 ng/ml/hour in the control group to 9.60 +/- 3.84 ng/ml/hour in the treated group. Plasma aldosterone concentration was lower in the cord blood of the treated group and a similar trend was demonstrated in the sixth day samples. It is suggested that the increased endogenous prostaglandin production during labour may be one of the factors responsible for the development of hyperactivity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the newborn.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between maturity, electrolyte balance and the function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in newborn infants.

Simultaneous measurement of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PA) and urinary aldosterone excretion (UAE) was made using the RIA method along with determination of Na and K balance in 1-week-old neonates with gestational age of 30-41 weeks (mean 35.9 weeks) and birth weight of 1,160-4,670 g (mean 2,680 g). It was demonstrated that PRA decreased from the value of 36.3 +/- 6.3 ng/ml/h (mean +/- SE) to a level of 10.2 +/- 2.1 ng/ml/h (p less than 0.001), PA did not change and UAE increased from 3.3 +/- 0.8 to 7.8 +/- 1.4 microgram/day (p less than 0.01) as the gestational age advanced from 30-32 to 39-41 weeks. There was no correlation between either PRA and PA and UAE. PRA showed a significant positive correlation with urinary Na excretion (p less than 0.001) and plasma K concentration (p less than 0.05), but it was negatively related to Na balance (p less than 0.001). Significant negative correlations were found between UAE and urinary Na excretion (p less than 0.05), urinary Na/K ratio (p less than 0.01 (and plasma K concentration (p less than 0.05); however, UAE positively correlated with Na balance (p less than 0.01). It is concluded that, in response to renal salt wasting and to the subsequent negative salt balance, premature infants can augment their PRA above values found for full-term infants. Their adrenals, however, failed to respond adequately to this stimulation.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1979

Urinary excretion of prostaglandin E and F 2 alpha in healthy newborn infants and in infants with hyaline membrane disease.

Urinary PGE and PGF 2 alpha excretion was estimated in 11 healthy full-term (mean birth weight, 3327 g; mean gestational age, 39.2 weeks). 15 healthy preterm (mean birth weight, 1722 g; mean gestational age, 32.1 weeks) and in 9 preterm infants suffering from hyaline membrane disease (HMD) (mean birth weight: 1454 g, mean gestational age: 31 weeks). Measurements were carried out on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of life by radioimmunoassay, using Clinical Assays Inc. RIA kits. Urinary PGE excretion on the first day of life was 3.76 +/- 0.41 ng/day, 2.43 +/- 0.65 ng/day and 1.19 +/- 0.27 ng/day for healthy full-term, healthy premature and premature infants with HMD, respectively. The differences were significant at the level of p less than 0.05. With advancing postnatal age urinary PGE excretion markedly increased in each group (p less than 0.05). Urinary PGF 2 alpha excretion on the first day was 10.8 +/- 2.0 ng/day in full-term, 6.6 +/- 2.2 ng/day in healthy premature and 4.35 +/- 1.9 ng/day in premature infants with HMD. Then an inconsistent rise could be observed without statistically significant difference between the individual groups of various postnatal age and between the different groups of the same postnatal age. The decreased renal PGE production is suggested to be involved in the pathomechanism of HMD.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

Effect of antenatal glucocorticoid administered in a single dose on the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants.

Authors administered glucocorticoid in the cases of 116 pregnant women admitted with premature delivery beginning between 28--36 weeks of gestation to prevent respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Prednisolone-sodium succinate (Di-Adreson F. Organon) was given intramuscularly in a single dose of 100 mg. 314 infants born before introduction of the corticosteroid prevention on the 28--36 weeks of gestation whose mothers had not been given corticosteroid served as a control group. The frequency of RDS on the treated group was 8,62% while 101 of 314 infants on the control group showed RDS (32,16%). Number of infants of hyaline membrane disease was 3 and 40, respectively. A close correlation could be observed between the interval lasting from therapy to delivery and RDS incidence. In infants born within 24 hours after administration of Di-Adreson F. aquosum injection RDS developed in 58,33% while in those born within 24--48 hours RDS was diagnosed only on 3 cases (8,57%). No RDS was found in babies born after 2 days following the therapy. There were no significant differences between treated and control groups in Apgar scores and the mean weights of infants. These findings seem to suggest that 100 mg of prednisolonesodium succinate administered in a single dose significantly reduces the incidence of RDS in premature infants.

Female↗