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Biomedical subjects

I F Csaba

Publications and source records attributed to I F Csaba.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Application of the parametric scan in the investigation of uteroplacental blood flow.

We developed a new radioisotope technique to measure placental blood flow for the early detection of placental insufficiency. Using the parametric scan, placental perfusion was measured in 80 late-pregnant women. The T-maximum pictures obtained made it possible to differentiate between the vascular and intervillous phases of placental blood flow. The time period of intervillous phase calculated as the percentage of the whole placental Tmax was given as the intervillous perfusion index (IPI). It was demonstrated that the IPI was significantly higher in pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (64.2% +/- 16.5%), hypertension (60.0 +/- 15.2) and oedema (57.9% +/- 10.1%) than in the control group (33.7% +/- 10.5%). These data suggest that the first sign of placental insufficiency is the prolongation of the IPI which is likely to precede the quantitative reduction of placental perfusion.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Determination of the intervillous perfusion index in pregnancies with intrauterine growth retardation.

The authors developed a new radioisotope technique to measure placental blood flow for early detection of placental insufficiency. Using this method placental perfusion has been measured in 20 healthy pregnant women and in 15 pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). The T-maximum pictures obtained made it possible to differentiate between the vascular and intervillous phases of placental blood flow. The time period of intervillous phase calculated as the percent of the whole placental T-maximum was given as the intervillous perfusion index (IPI). It has been demonstrated that IPI is significantly longer in IUGR pregnancies (67.0 +/- 14.6) than in the control group (31.6 +/- 10.7). These data suggest that the first sign of placental insufficiency is the prolongation of IPI, which is likely to precede the quantitative reduction of placental perfusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The effect of metoclopramide administration on electrolyte status and activity of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in premature infants.

The present study has been carried out to define whether endogenous dopamine contributes to the regulation of renal sodium handling and the function of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in low birth weight premature infants. Twelve premature infants with mean birth weight of 1420 g and mean gestational age of 29.2 wk were given metoclopramide (MTC) in a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day to treat delayed gastric emptying, regurgitation, and abdominal distension at the age of 17-23 days. Infants were kept on either a low (2-3 mEq/kg/day) or high (4-7 mEq/kg/day) sodium diet to modulate activity of RAAS. Prior to and after a 3-day period of MTC administration, blood samples were taken, and in six male infants 24-h urine collections were made to determine plasma and urine electrolytes, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone concentration, and urinary aldosterone excretion. We demonstrated that plasma sodium and potassium concentrations and plasma renin activity were not altered by MTC. On the other hand, in response to MTC, there was a significant increase in urinary sodium excretion (1.8 +/- 0.3 versus 2.3 +/- 0.3 mEq/kg/day) and a decrease in potassium excretion (1.2 +/- 0.2 versus 0.8 +/- 0.1 mEq/kg/day); plasma aldosterone concentration and urinary aldosterone excretion decreased significantly from initial values of 2101 +/- 274 pg/ml and 2.91 +/- 0.52 micrograms/day to 1500 +/- 207 pg/ml (p less than 0.01) and 2.21 +/- 0.43 micrograms/day (p less than 0.01), respectively, after MTC. These alterations were independent of the pretreatment hormone levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1985

Amniotic fluid beta-2 microglobulin in normal and complicated pregnancies.

Beta-2 microglobulin concentrations were measured in amniotic fluid samples obtained from normal pregnant women at various stages of gestation and complicated pregnancies during weeks 32-42 of gestation by the ELISA method. The concentration of beta-2 microglobulin in amniotic fluid increases markedly up to the 20-24th weeks of pregnancy and reaches a peak during the second trimester, occasionally reaching an eightfold value compared to the maternal serum concentration, while at term the values are similar. The decrease of amniotic fluid beta-2 microglobulin level in the third trimester reflects the maturation of foetal renal tubular function and suggests that this test may be of significance in determining foetal age. Our results revealing elevated concentrations of beta-2 microglobulin in patients with diabetes, toxaemia and placental insufficiency may indicate slower renal maturation of the foetus.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

Cytohormonal and cancer screening procedure for endometrial carcinoma.

The results of cancer-screening (by Papanicolaou) and of cytohormonal examinations were evaluated in 208 patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma. The occurrence rate of atypical cells in vaginal smears was 44.2%. It was higher in the more advanced cases and after the menopause, and an inverse relationship was found with the degree of maturation of the vaginal epithelium. -It was concluded that the combination of hormonal and cancer-screening cytodiagnostic procedures, using vaginal smears alone, can hardly facilitate the early diagnosis of endometrial carcinomas. Higher efficiency could only be expected from direct endometrial smears and by frequent screening of the population at highest risk.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Serum levels of placenta-specific tissue protein 12 (PP12) in pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia, diabetes or twins.

PP12 is one of the recently discovered soluble tissue antigens of the placenta. During normal pregnancy maternal serum PP12 levels rise during the first 18 weeks reaching a mean peak value of 139.9 +/- 40.26 micrograms/l; after that there is a fall to a mean value of 111.9 +/- 42.39 micrograms/l between 28 and 40 weeks. Significantly higher mean serum PP12 levels were found in the third trimester in two high risk pregnancy groups (281.09 +/- 117.08 micrograms/l in pre-eclamptic toxaemia and 203.71 +/- 73.77 micrograms/l in diabetes) while serum PP12 levels remained normal (114.94 +/- 58.06 micrograms/l) in twin pregnancy. The increase of serum PP12 concentration in toxaemia and in diabetes may be of considerable diagnostic significance.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Noradrenaline content of cerebrospinal fluid in preterm and term infants recovering from perinatal asphyxia.

Noradrenaline content was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid of 17 full-term and 16 premature newborns with or without perinatal asphyxia. Upon the effect of asphyxia the noradrenaline content of cerebrospinal fluid exhibited a more than three-fold increase (from 2.61 +/- 1.45 microgram/l to 10.86 +/- 4.02 micrograms/l) in mature newborns, but it decreased to about half of the control value in premature babies (from 2.39 +/- 0.72 microgram/l to 1.25 +/- 0.70 microgram/l). The observations emphasize the role of central noradrenergic structures in the organization of asphyxia-induced stress-response and in the regulation of adaptation to extrauterine life.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1983

Levels of placenta-specific tissue protein 12 (PP12) in serum during normal pregnancy and in patients with trophoblastic tumour.

A sensitive radioimmunoassay method has been developed to measure soluble placental protein 12. Using this method trace amounts of PP12 have also been detected in the sera of healthy non-pregnant subjects (24.0 +/- 6.15 micrograms/l). During normal pregnancy serum PP12 levels rose rapidly reaching a peak value of 139.90 +/- 40.26 micrograms/l at 18 weeks. Serial determinations of PP12 have been made in 31 patients with trophoblastic tumours (16 hydatidiform moles, 10 invasive moles and five choriocarcinomas). It has been found that in patients with hydatidiform and invasive moles its initial values are extremely high (342.9 +/- 257.9 micrograms/l and 279.3 +/- 103.1 micrograms/l, respectively), much exceeding the non-pregnant and normal pregnant values. After evacuation of hydatidiform moles serum-PP12 rapidly fell to the upper limit of normal at 21-28 days, and to normal values at 8-12 weeks after operation. In patients with invasive mole requiring chemotherapy the rate of fall of PP12 level was slower. In patients with choriocarcinoma serum-PP12 levels were moderately raised (59-132 micrograms/l) and followed the clinical course of the disease. Serum-PP12 levels would seem to be of less value in monitoring patients with trophoblastic tumours than other tumour-markers (hCG, and SP1).

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Postnatal development of plasma prolactin level in premature infants with and without NaCl supplementation.

The role of prolactin in the adaptation of premature infants to the alterations of sodium balance was investigated by measuring plasma prolactin levels serially in 7 low birth weight, premature infants with (group I) and without (group II) NaCl supplementation. The study was performed on the 7th day and weekly thereafter until the 5th week of life. NaCl supplementation was given in a dose of 3-5 mEq/kg/day and 1.5-2.5 mEq/kg/day for 8-21 days and 22-35 days, respectively. It was demonstrated that before NaCl supplementation plasma prolactin concentration was similarly elevated in the two groups (6,490 +/- 1,291 mU/l in group I versus 7,661 +/- 1,094 mU/l in group II), and without supplementation it remained at about the same level throughout the study. When supplemental sodium was given, the plasma prolactin level declined with age at a steady rate to the mean value of 3,516 +/- 502 mU/l by the end of 5th week. In the 3rd-5th weeks it proved to be significantly higher in group II than in group I. It is concluded that physiological sodium depletion may account for the prolonged hyperprolactinemia and prolactin might have some importance in the control of sodium homeostasis in low birth weight, premature infants.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Thyrotropin and prolactin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in healthy and asphyxiated full-term neonates.

To evaluate the effect of perinatal asphyxia on the pituitary response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) in full-term newborn infants, serum thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) levels were measured before and 30 and 180 min after i.v. administration of 40 micrograms TRH. Birth weight, gestational and postnatal age were similar in the healthy (group NA) and in the asphyxiated (group A) babies. Hormone levels were determined by radioimmunoassay using commercial kits. It was demonstrated that the basal TSH level was slightly higher and the basal PRL level significantly (p less than 0.05) higher in group A than in group NA. In response to TRH administration in group A a marked increase in PRL occurred from 6781 +/- 887 to 11 072 +/- 1318 and 9636 +/- 1024 mU/l at 0, 30 and 180 min, respectively. A similar response was seen in group NA; the values, however, remained significantly lower during the TRH-test. The respective PRL values at 0, 30 and 180 min were 4672 +/- 411, 7945 +/- 343 (p less than 0.05) and 5963 +/- 372 mU/l (p less than 0.05). TRH administration also resulted in a significant elevation of the serum TSH level from 6.20 +/- 1.30 to 49.02 +/- 7.25 (p less than 0.01) and 18.72 +/- 6.35 mU/l (p less than 0.05) in group A, and from 3.90 +/- 0.57 to 24.01 +/- 3.81 (p less than 0.01) mU/l in group NA, but in group NA the 180 min TSH value of 6.07 +/- 1.25 mU/l did not differ statistically from the basal level (p greater than 0.1). It is concluded that the pituitary PRL and TSH reserves are maintained in full-term newborn infants recovering from perinatal asphyxia whose biochemical findings are indicative of subclinical hypothyroidism.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1982

Monitoring therapy in trophoblastic diseases by radioimmunoassay of pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein and the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin.

The beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1) were measured simultaneously by specific radioimmunoassays in 473 serum samples from 43 patients with trophoblastic tumors. Both SP1 and hCG values were high in 16 untreated patients. 27 patients had been treated previously elsewhere, and their further treatment and monitoring were started simultaneously in our institute. Raised SP2 and hCG levels were found in 22 and 21 cases, respectively. Treatment was followed by a parallel decrease of both SP1 and hCG, but the hCG decline was more marked. Seronegativity was reached only after several months; SP1 was present in the serum for 60-150 days, and hCG could be found even after this time. Both parameters were sensitive indicators of residual tumor activity, calling for further therapy months before any clinical manifestation of recurrence. In three cases only one of the tumor makers could be found, which underlines the importance of the simultaneous measurement of hCG and SP1.

Choriocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

[Action of oestrogens on in vitro metabolism of trophoblast from human early pregnancy (author's transl)].

Warburg's manometric method was used to check the action of oestrone, oestradiol, and oestriol on aerobic and anaerobic glycolysis of placental respiration. Oestrogen concentrations of 10(-4) M were found to reduce oxygen consumption and to increase aerobic glycolysis. Such reduction of oxygen consumption was most strongly pronounced in connection with oestradiol, while the strongest rise in aerobic glycolysis took place in the wake of oestradiol and oestrone. Oestrogen action upon anaerobic glycolysis was variable, with the latter remaining unchanged by oestradiol, reduced in response to oestriol, and slightly increased by oestrone.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1982

Thyrotropin and prolactin response to ambient temperature in newborn infants.

Plasma TSH and PRL level was measured by RIA in 8 full-term newborn infants with mean birth weight of 3420 g (range 3000-4100 g) and mean gestational age of 39.0 weeks (range 38-40 weeks) at postnatal age of 3-4 days. Determinations were performed at neutral thermal environment (32 degrees C) and after 1 h exposure to cold (28 degrees C) and warm (37 degrees C) environment. In response to cold challenge, TSH and PRL increased significantly from 4.17 +/- 0.28 mU/1 and 4625 +/- mU/1 to 4.76 +/- 0.21 mU/1 (p less than 0.01) and 5975 +/- 944 mU/1 (p less than 0.05), respectively. When the newborns were placed in warm environment, both TSH and PRL fell significantly to 3.52 +/- 0.4 mU/1 (p less than 0.05) and 3318 +/- 759 mU/1 (p less than 0.05), respectively. A weakly significant positive correlation was found between TSH and PRL levels suggesting that thermal stress in the newborn results in similar alterations in TSH and PRL, presumably through the same central mechanism.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Hormonal control of sodium content in human milk.

The possible role of prolactin (PRL) and aldosterone (Aldo) in regulation of Na content of human milk was investigated. Simultaneous determinations of Na and K in milk, PRL and Aldo in maternal plasma and milk were performed on postpartum days 2, 4 and 6, in samples from 15 mothers giving birth at term and from 8 mothers giving preterm birth. Na concentration and Na/K ratio in milk, Aldo concentration in milk and maternal plasma decreased significantly with advancing lactation. In preterm plasma and milk PRL concentration remained unchanged, whereas in term plasma PRL decreased, milk PRL increased significantly by the 6th day post partum. After preterm delivery milk Na and K levels were significantly higher, maternal plasma and milk Aldo slightly lower than after delivery at term. Daily Aldo and PRL excretion into the milk markedly increased during lactation irrespective of the length of gestation and showed a significant negative correlation with milk Na level and Na/K ratio. It is suggested that the increasing rate of Aldo and PRL excretion into the milk may be of importance in the regulation of Na concentration in human milk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Placental proteins (SP1, hCG, PP5) and alpha 2-PAG in trophoblastic diseases.

455 serial serum samples from 41 patients with trophoblastic tumour were analysed. Pregnancy-specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP1), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and placental protein 5 (PP5) were measured by specific radioimmunoassay. Pregnancy-associated alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2-PAG) was measured by electroimmunoassay. SP1 and hCG levels were high in 36 and 35 patients respectively; alpha 2-PAG concentration was also high in 29 patients. PP5 was found only in patients with a hydatidiform mole and it disappeared from serum within a few hours of evacuation. SP1 and hCG levels decreased during the course of the treatment but seronegativity was reached only after some months: hCG was still detectable after that and disappeared from the serum more slowly. Both parameters were sensitive indicators of residual tumour activity and indicated the need more effective treatment some months before clinical manifestations of recurrence became evident. In some patients only one of the tumour markers was present during follow-up, indicating the importance of careful monitoring including the measurement of serum SP1 and hCG levels. A positive correlation between alpha 2-PAG and hCG, SP1 and the clinical course was found only in 80% of patients a finding which demonstrates the limited value of alpha 2-PAG measurements.

Choriocarcinoma↗