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Biomedical subjects

I Helin

Publications and source records attributed to I Helin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Intra-abdominal cysts detected at prenatal ultrasound screening.

This report describes the ultrasonographic findings in 2 fetuses with intra-abdominal tumours. Both were detected in the 32nd week of gestation and could be visualized throughout the pregnancy. Postnatally, the findings were verified at repeated examinations of the infants, and successful operations undertaken at 4 and 8 months of age, respectively. The tumours represented cysts, probably derived from bleeding in diffuse haemangiomas.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Muco-epidermoid tumour of the bronchus.

A 7-year-old boy with recurrent pneumonia of the right lower lobe is described. At bronchoscopy a small tumour almost totally obliterating the right lower lobe was detected. Surgical treatment was undertaken. Histopathologic studies showed findings consistent with those of a muco-epidermoid tumour. The case emphasizes bronchoscopy as an important investigation in children with recurrent pneumonia. It also shows the importance of performing the bronchoscopy during a prolonged course of antibiotic prophylaxis in order to ensure a minimum of infected mucus within the bronchi. This report is completed with a short review of the literature on muco-epidermoid tumours of the bronchus in children. Their favourable prognosis and very low malignant potential is underlined.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

Ganglioneuroma with an uncommon location in a six-year-old girl.

A 6-year-old girl with a neurogenic bladder disease is described. Additional gait disturbances and mild but progressive foot deformities led to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of a ganglioneuroma located exclusively intraspinally. It is suggested that the tumor originated from remnant neural crest cells, probably early in life or even prenatally.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Three-day therapy with cephalexin for lower urinary tract infections in children.

In a prospective study of children with an acute infection of the lower urinary tract, the effectiveness of a 3-day course of cephalexin, 25-50 mg/kg body weight and day was compared with that of a 10-day course of nitrofurantoin, 3-4 mg/kg/day. 19 children were allotted to treatment with cephalexin and 24 were treated with nitrofurantoin. The immediate cure rates were 90% and 96%, respectively. Two relapses were noted in the cephalexin group and 1 in the nitrofurantoin group. During a mean follow-up period of 7-8 months 2 of the cephalexin treated patients and 4 patients treated with nitrofurantoin had a reinfection. No side effects were noted in either of the treatment groups. The results suggest that treatment with cephalexin for 3 days is a reasonable alternative in children with an acute lower urinary tract infection when commonly used medications for one reason or another are less well tolerated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Occult bleeding from giant small-bowel diverticula.

Two cases of occult intestinal blood loss due to giant ileal diverticula are described. In one of them, ectopic gastric mucosa was found at microscopic dissection. In the other that was probably originating from a blind loop formation at a previous operation, multiple mucosal erosions, probably due to retained bowel contents, were considered responsible for the blood loss. Though giant diverticula are rare throughout the gastrointestinal tract, and usually cause symptoms other than bleeding, the importance of a careful search for this malformation in children with occult faecal blood loss is stressed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Prenatal diagnosis of Potter's syndrome by ultrasound.

A variety of fetal anomalies can be diagnosed by ultrasonographic examinations during the antepartum period. This report describes the first Scandinavian case of Potter's syndrome detected prenatally. The syndrome must be suspected whenever the combination of intrauterine growth retardation and severe oligohydramnios is seen. It is then essential to scan for the presence of fetal kidneys to establish that bilateral agenesis is not occurring.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1983

Extensive spinal dysrhaphism and sacral agenesis without urologic disturbances.

The clinical and radiologic findings in a child with sacral agenesis and extensive spinal dysrhaphism are reported. Observations made in this case suggest that even if the spinal cord is seriously injured by congenital anomalies including sacral agenesis, the functions of the urinary tract can be well preserved.

Child↗
PubMed1983

Pivmecillinam in the treatment of childhood pyelonephritis.

In a prospective study, twenty children with a mean age of 4 years were treated with pivmecillinam, 25 mg to 40 mg per kilogram body-weight and day, for acute pyelonephritis. Urine cultures yielded growth of E. coli in sixteen instances, Klebsiella spp. in two, S. saprophyticus in one and a mixed Gram-positive flora in one patient. All children fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for upper urinary tract infection. In all cases where Gram-negative pathogens were responsible, the infections were eradicated. One reinfection was registered in a child with a concomitantly discovered congenital urological malformation. Pivmecillinam also cured one patient infected with S. saprophyticus but was ineffective in the case of mixed Gram-positive flora. It is concluded that pivmecillinam is a valuable new drug for the management of pyelonephritis in children, as most of these infections are caused by Gram-negative organisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Acute sinusitis in children--symptoms, clinical findings and bacteriology related to initial radiologic appearance.

In a series of 175 children with suspected sinusitis the symptoms and clinical signs were compared with the radiologic and bacteriologic findings. URI, purulent nasal secretion and pain were the main symptoms predicting radiologic changes. In 75% of the patients the presence of two or three of these symptoms was co-existent with major radiological changes. As assessed by nasopharyngeal culture Haemophilus influenzae seemed to be the major pathogen.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Intranasal DDAVP test in children.

The intranasal DDAVP (1-deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin) test is a safe and feasible method for the study of renal concentrating ability in children. This study describes a simplification of the test. Sixty randomly selected children were tested for urine osmolality at different hours after intranasal administration of DDAVP. No fluid restriction was prescribed. Optimal concentrating ability was attained after 3 and 5 hours. Without impairing the validity of the DDAVP test, it can be performed in a simpler way than previously recommended.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1982

Clostridium difficile toxin in faecal specimens of healthy children and children with diarrhoea.

Presence of cytopathogenic effect (CPE) that could be inhibited by an antitoxin to Clostridium sordelli, known to cross-react with Clostridium difficile toxin, was sought in faecal specimens from 101 infants. Of the children, 45 were healthy, while 56 had been hospitalized because of diarrhoea. CPE was found in 12 of the healthy infants and in 5 of those hospitalized. Faecal specimens of these 5 gave a CPE at titres of 10(3-4), whereas in the 12 healthy infants the titres were 10(1-2). Studies on consecutive samples showed that the CPE could persist for between 7-11 weeks up to 9 months and more. Of the 45 healthy infants, 11 harboured C. difficile compared with 6 of the 56 with diarrhoea. In both groups, 3 CPE-positive infants were culture-negative for C. difficile. Four of those hospitalized had recently been given antibiotics; all were negative in both culture and CPE tests. The present study demonstrates that care should be exercised when interpreting the results of cultures for C. difficile and tests for CPE made on faecal specimens in order to establish a diagnosis of antibiotic-associated enterocolitis in infants and children.

Bacterial Toxins↗
PubMed1982

Isolated co-lipase deficiency in two brothers.

Two normally developed Assyrian brothers with isolated pancreatic co-lipase deficiency are described. They presented at the age of 5-6 years with loose stools. They had steatorrhoea, and analysis of exocrine pancreatic enzymes in the small intestine showed co-lipase deficiency, while amylase, chymotrypsin, trypsin and lipase were normal. Intraduodenal infusion of purified co-lipase improved fat digestion measured by the triolein breath test. Their steatorrhoea diminished on treatment with enteric-coated pancreatic enzymes.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1982

Acute sinusitis in children - results of different therapeutic regimens.

The clinical material consisted of 92 children aged 1-15 years with symptoms and signs of acute sinusitis, roentgenologically verified. Sixty-one were treated with penicillin-V, 16 with pivampicillin, and 15 with erythromycin. Decongesting therapy was given to all. Altogether 77 (83.7%) were cured by a single 10-day course of treatment. The initial success rate did not vary with the type of antibiotic used. Children treated with penicillin-V had, however, a high relapse rate with H. influenzae. Because of growth of H. influenzae, 15 patients required 2 or 3 courses of treatment. The study shows that acute sinusitis in children is usually an uncomplicated disease. Almost all children will improve during a single 10-day course of treatment with antibiotics and decongestants provided that the antibiotic chosen is one to which H. influenzae is susceptible. It is therefore stressed that if penicillin-V is used as the drug of choice in acute sinusitis, the dose must be large enough to eradicate H. influenzae. As judged from this study, adenoidectomy and intranasal antrostomy are rarely indicated.

Acute Disease↗