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Biomedical subjects

I Helin

Publications and source records attributed to I Helin.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Short-term treatment of lower urinary tract infections in children with trimethoprim/sulphadiazine.

In a prospective study, 43 children between three months and 16 years of age and suffering from an acute infection of the lower urinary tract, were treated for either three or ten days with 4/16 mg trimethoprim/sulphadiazine/kgBW/day in two doses. Twenty-three were allotted to treatment for three days, whereas 20 were treated for ten days. Irrespective of the duration of therapy, the urine of all patients was sterile when urinary cultures were made three to seven days after the cessation of therapy. An early recurrence within the two months following the completion of treatment occurred in two children in each treatment group. In no case of recurrence was the organism resistant to trimethoprim/sulphadiazine. During a mean follow-up period of 11 months, 21.7% of the children treated for three days and 35% of those treated for ten days experienced a recurrence. The results suggest that children with an uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection can be successfully treated with a three-day course of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine in a conventional dosage.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Recovery of Clostridium difficile from children.

The occurrence of Clostridium difficile in faecal specimens of 218 children, aged 2 weeks to 15 years, was studied. The organism was recovered from 43 (20%) of the children (range 2 weeks to 10 years). The isolation frequency was significantly correlated to age. Thus, in children 1 to 8 months of age the organism occurred in 64%, while in children below and above that age C. difficile could only be recovered in 4%. No significant difference in the recovery frequency could be demonstrated between children with (23%) and without (17%) gastroenteritis. C. difficile occurred numerically more often in non-antibiotic treated children (22%) than in those given such drugs (13%). None of the children in the present study had evidence of pseudomembranous colitis. A comparative study of different selective media did not demonstrate any difference in the recovery frequency of C. difficile. The media used were Chopped Meat Glucose broth with cycloserine and either kanamycin or cefoxitin, and Cycloserine-Cefoxitin-Fructose agar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Chronic renal failure in Swedish children.

In a retrospective study covering the years 1974 to 1977 the prevalence of non-terminal renal failure in Swedish children on to 15 years of age was registered as 4.50 per million total population. The mean yearly incidence of terminal renal failure during the same period was registered as 0.94 per million total population. Nephronophthisis was the most common single cause of renal failure. No case of coarse renal scarring due to recurrent urinary tract infections was reported. The Swedish study shows a good agreement with an earlier Swiss one concerning the diseases causing chronic renal failure in children. The frequency of chronic renal failure is expected to be essentially unchanged until breakthroughs occur in research on glomerulonephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Colonisation of pregnant and puerperal women and neonates with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Chlamydia trachomatis was cultured from cervical specimens of 14 (16.1%) of 231 women applying for legal abortion and from 23 (8.7%) of 273 puerperal women. The chlamydial isolation rate was related to the women's age. Of the pregnant and puerperal women under 20 years C trachomatis was isolated in 10% and 24% respectively; in those aged between 20 and 24 years the rates were 8.7% and 10.2% respectively whereas in those over 24 years the rates were 4.2% in both groups. Chlamydia were isolated more frequently from cervical specimens than from urethral specimens. However, if a cervical specimen alone had been examined the diagnosis would have been missed in three (17%) of 18 women. IgG antichlamydial antibodies (titre greater than or equal to 1/32) were detected by a micro-immunofluorescence test in samples of cord blood from 35 (25%) of 139 infants of the puerperal women. Of the 23 infants born to mothers harbouring chlamydia in the cervix C trachomatis was isolated from the conjuntival folds in five (22.5%). The chlamydial isolation rate from the eyes of the neonates was related to the time of sampling. None of the 108 infants examined between 6 and 7 days old was chlamydia-positive whereas chlamydia could be recovered from the conjunctival folds of four of them when re-examined from three to 23 days later.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Primary hyperoxaluria. An analysis of 17 Scandinavian patients.

Primary hyperoxaluria is a hereditary disease caused by an inborn error of glycine/glyoxalate metabolism. This study presents the results of a Scandinavian survey of patients with primary hyperoxaluria diagnosed and/or treated through the years 1967 to 1976. Altogether 17 patients, 13 males and four females, were reported. The age at onset of the disease varied between three months and 29 years and the age at diagnosis between eight months and 45 years. Ten of the patients were still alive at the end of 1976 at ages between 14 and 49 years. In diagnosing primary hyperoxaluria attention is paid to the simultaneous determinations of the urinary excretion of oxalic acid, glycolic acid and glyoxylic acid. None of the different therapeutic measures in primary hyperoxaluria have, so far, received extensive evaluation. At present, large doses of pyridoxine in combination with taurine seem worth further investigation with a larger number of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Fabry's disease. A brief review in connection with a Scandinavian survey.

Fabry's disease is an X-linked inborn error of glycosphingolipid catabolism, resulting from deficient activity of the enzyme alpha-galactosidase. The wide variety of symptoms may make it difficult to establish a diagnosis. This study was based on a Scandinavian survey of cases between 1967 and 1975. Altogether 13 cases were collected. Enzymatic studies and electromicroscopy confirmed the diagnosis in all cases. Renal transplantation has been performed in one Swedish patient and 8 years later his general health is good. Three of the patients died at about 50 years of age, which illustrates the grave prognosis of the disease. The report is concluded with a short review of the symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment of Fabry's disease. The possibility of enzyme replacement therapy and the potential value of renal transplantation are discussed. Prenatal diagnosis of Fabry's disease may also be possible.

Adolescent↗