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Biomedical subjects

I Noda

Publications and source records attributed to I Noda.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Expression of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor correlates with prognosis in oral and mesopharyngeal carcinoma.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptors (G-CSFRs) have been observed on the surface of not only hematopoietic cells but also several cancer cells. The stimulation of G-CSF has been demonstrated to induce proliferation and activation of G-CSFR-positive cells. In this study, we investigated the expression of G-CSFR on the surface of tumor cells and G-CSF production in oral and mesopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by an immunohistochemical approach. Of 58 oral and mesopharyngeal SCCs, 31 cases (53.4%) and 36 cases (62.1%) were positive for G-CSFR and G-CSF, respectively. There was no association between G-CSFR expression and G-CSF staining. In the group positive for G-CSFR expression, relapse was significantly more likely after primary treatment (P = 0.0069), whereas there was no association between G-CSFR expression and age, sex, tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage. Also, the G-CSFR-positive groups had a significantly lower disease-free and overall survival rate than the G-CSFR-negative groups (P = 0.0172 and 0.0188, respectively). However, none of the clinical markers correlated significantly with G-CSF staining, nor did the status of G-CSF production influence the overall survival. The results imply that assessment of G-CSFR may prove valuable in selecting patients with oral and mesopharyngeal SCC for aggressive therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

P-glycoprotein expression in capillary endothelial cells of the 7th and 8th nerves of guinea pig in relation to blood-nerve barrier sites.

Expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) was detected by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis in the peripheral nerves (7th and 8th nerves) of the guinea pig using anti-P-gp monoclonal antibody C219. P-gp was detected in the capillary endothelial cells of these nerves. Immunoreactivity in these nerves was similar to that in the brain. Besides these nerves, positive staining was observed in the sciatic nerve, although immunoreactivity was somewhat lower than that of the 7th and 8th nerves. The present investigation suggested that P-gp in the endothelial cells of the peripheral nerves might play a very important role as a part of the blood-nerve barrier function, since P-ag acts as an extension pump in these cells.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1997

Hydroxyapatite-coating on titanium arc sprayed titanium implants.

We developed a new titanium spray technique using an inert gas shielded arc spray (titanium arc spray). Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coating can be applied to the implant without any surface pore obstruction after the rough surface is made by this technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of various porous implant surfaces after HA-coating revealed that the bead and fiber metal-coated implants had either a pore obstruction or an uneven HA-coating. On the other hand, the titanium arc sprayed implant demonstrated an even HA-coating all the way to the bottom of the surface pore. In the first set of animal experiments (Exp. 1), the interfacial shear strength to bone of four kinds of cylindrical Ti-6A1-4V (Ti) implants were compared using a canine transcortical push-out model 4 and 12 weeks after implantation. The implant surfaces were roughened by titanium arc spray (group A-C) and sand blasting (group D) to four different degrees (roughness average, Ra = group A: 56.1, B: 44.9, C: 28.3, D: 3.7 microns). The interfacial shear strength increased in a surface roughness-dependent manner at both time periods. However, the roughest implants (group A) showed some failed regions in the sprayed layers after pushout test. In the second set of animal experiments (Exp. 2), four kinds of Ti implants; HA-coated smooth Ti (sHA) with Ra of 3.4 microns, bead-coated Ti (Beads), titanium arc sprayed Ti (Ti-spray) with Ra of 38.1 microns and HA-coated Ti-spray (HA + Ti-spray) with Ra of 28.3 microns were compared using the same model as that in Exp. 1. The interfacial shear strength of HA + Ti-spray was significantly greater than that of sHA and Beads at both time periods, and that of Ti-spray at 4 weeks. Although a histological examination revealed that HA-coating enhanced bone ingrowth, sHA showed the lowest shear strength at both time periods. SEM after pushout test showed that sHA consistently demonstrated some regional failure at the HA-implant substrate interface. HA + Ti-spray had many failed regions either at the HA-bone interface or within the bone tissue rather than at the HA-implant substrate interface. These results suggested that the HA-coated smooth surfaced implants had a mechanical weakness at the HA-substrate interface. Therefore, HA should be coated on the rough surfaced implants to avoid a detachment of the HA-coating layer from the substrate and thus obtain a mechanical anchoring strength to bone. HA-coating on this new type of surface morphology may thus lead to a solution to the problems of conventional HA-coated and porous-coated implants.

Alloys↗
PubMed1996

Prevention of persistent ear drum perforation after long-term ventilation tube treatment for otitis media with effusion in children.

The effect of tape patch technique using Steri-Strip tape in combination with freshening of the perforation edge after removal of long-term ventilation tubes for preventing permanent ear drum perforation was evaluated. The longer the tubes remained in place, the higher the incidence of persistent perforation after tube removal. The perforation rate after Goode T-tube treatment was 4.0% in the spontaneous extrusion group and 14.3% in the intentional removal group. In the ears treated by tape patch application, none of the perforations persisted after removal of the Goode T-tube. After removal or extrusion of Paparella Type II tube, perforations did not close in 13.2% of the group without tape patch application. When a tape patch was applied, only one perforation (3.3%) did not close. From these results, tape patch technique in combinations with freshening of the perforation edge at the time of tube removal was useful to promote healing and prevent persistent ear drum perforation.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1996

Effects of sequence and temperature of hyperthermia and peplomycin on human pharyngeal carcinoma KB cells in vitro.

To maximize the interactive effect, we examined the time sequence of high (above 43 degrees C) or low (below 43 degrees C)-hyperthermia and peplomycin (PEP)(0.5 microgram/ml). Simultaneous or post-hyperthermic PEP treatment at 44 degrees C resulted in a slight synergistic effect with thermoenhancement ratios (TER) of 1.30 or 1.34, respectively. However, at 42 degrees C, maximal interaction was obtained (TER = 10.19) when KB cells were simultaneously heated with PEP. Furthermore, pre-treatment at 44 degrees C for 25 min or 42 degrees C for 4 h enhanced PEP cytotoxicity more than that of post-treatment at 44 degrees C for 25 min or 42 degrees C for 4 h, respectively. However, chemoenhancement ratios (CER) of pre-treatment at 44 degrees C for 25 min and at 42 degrees C for 4 h were 19.1 and 3.5, respectively, although the isothermic dose decreased the cell count to 60% in both cases. These results indicated that simultaneous or post-hyperthermic PEP treatment with high-hyperthermia, and simultaneous PEP treatment with low-hyperthermia, are the most effective means of PEP thermochemotherapy with hyperthermia.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1995

Heat shock enhances the susceptibility of tumor cells to lysis by lymphokine-activated killer cells.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether heat-treated thyroid cancer cells augment the susceptibility of target cells to lysis by autologous lymphokine-activated killer cells. DESIGN: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with thyroid cancer were incubated with recombinant interleukin 2 (100 U/mL) for 7 days, and thyroid cancer cells obtained from surgical specimens were heated at 44 degrees C for 20 minutes and incubated at 37 degrees C for 18 hours before performing the radioactive chromium Cr 51 release assay. RESULTS: The susceptibility of heat-treated thyroid cancer cells to lysis by autologous and allogeneic lymphokine-activated killer cells was significantly greater than that of untreated tumor cells. The mechanism of enhanced susceptibility was unclear. However, the effect depended on de novo protein synthesis, because inhibition of RNA synthesis by dactinomycin completely abolished the heat-enhanced susceptibility of tumor cells. CONCLUSION: Immunotherapy combined with hyperthermia may be useful in management of thyroid cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1995

Synthesis of high-molecular-weight poly([R]-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate) in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant cells.

High-molecular-weight poly([R]-(-)-3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB), a biodegradable thermoplastic, was produced from a suspension culture of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant cells expressing two genes from the bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus involved in the synthesis of PHB. The molecular structure of the plant-produced polymer was analysed by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, infra-red spectroscopy, spectropolarimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and size exclusion chromatography. The results indicate that the polymer from transgenic plants appears to have a chemical structure identical to that of PHB produced by bacteria. However, the molecular weight distribution of the plant-produced PHB was much broader than that of typical bacterial PHB.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1994

Swainsonine augments the cytotoxicity of human lymphokine-activated killer cells against autologous thyroid cancer cells.

OBJECTIVE: Swainsonine (SW), an inhibitor of mammalian Golgi alpha-mannosidase II, blocks the processing of high mannose to complex type oligosaccharides. In this study, the effect of SW on the cytotoxicity of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells against autologous thyroid cancer was investigated. DESIGN: Peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with thyroid cancer were incubated with recombinant interleukin 2 (100 U/mL) and 0.5 mg/L of SW for 7 days, and thyroid cancer cells obtained from surgical specimens were pretreated with SW (0.5 mg/L) for 18 hours. The cytotoxicity of SW-treated LAK cells against tumor cells tested in a standard 4-hour radioactive chromium Cr 51 release assay. RESULTS: The cytotoxicity of SW-treated LAK cells against autologous thyroid cancer cells was found to be significantly greater than that of standard LAK cells incubated with interleukin 2 alone. The N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine thiobenzyl ester esterase activity of LAK cells, this activity being a cytotoxic factor that is necessary for the lethal hit stage, was also increased by SW treatment. Further, thyroid cancer cells incubated with SW, as compared with nontreated tumor cells, showed much higher susceptibility to LAK killing. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that SW might have potential immunomodulatory properties in the treatment of thyroid cancer.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1993

Free peroneal and its composite flap: a distant donor for head and neck reconstruction.

Free peroneal or its composite flap from the leg has been transferred in four patients for oro-mandibular and hypopharyngeal defects following surgery for malignancy. These flaps were successfully transplanted in all patients: two cases of free peroneal flap and two of free fibular graft with skin with no resulting problems with the leg. The peroneal osteocutaneous flap offers the following advantages: The axial vessels are preferable for microvascular surgery. Two flaps can be used with two cutaneous branches. A flap measuring up to 16 x 4.5 cm can be utilized with primary closure at the donor site. A long bone can be obtained together with skin. Surgery on the neck and harvesting of the flap can be done at the same time. The donor site is not conspicuous.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

The presence of concanavalin-A(Con-A)-like molecules on natural-killer (NK)-sensitive target cells: their possible role in swainsonine-augmented human NK cytotoxicity.

In the present study we examined the expression of concanavalin-A(Con-A)-like molecules on natural-killer (NK)-sensitive target cells and investigated their possible role in the human NK-cell phenomenon. The incubation of either peripheral-blood lymphocytes (PBL) or large granular lymphocytes (LGL) with swainsonine (SW), an inhibitor of mannosidase II, resulted in the augmentation of cytotoxicity against K562 leukemia cells. The enhanced cytotoxicity was associated with increased binding of fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated Con-A to SW-treated effector cells, and immunofluorescence staining of the target K562 cells using goat anti-Con-A antibody (Ab) showed a significant positive shift in the flow cytometric pattern. Electrophoretic separation and immunoblotting analysis revealed that 4 components with a molecular weight of approximately 95, 80, 60 and 50 kDa were recognized by anti-Con-A Ab from the detergent-extract of K562 cells. The addition of Con-A during the antibody incubation step of the Western blotting abolished their expression, thus excluding non-specific binding of the antibody. The addition of Con-A also strongly inhibited the cytotoxicity of SW-treated effector cells (PBL or LGL) against K562 cells, and this inhibition was abolished by 40 mM alpha-methyl-mannopyranoside (alpha-MM), which binds to Con-A. Furthermore, Con-A increased the binding frequency of SW-treated LGL to K562, in spite of the inhibited cytotoxicity, and this effect could be neutralized by the further addition of alpha-MM. Our results suggest that Con A-like molecules might play an important role in cell-cell interactions between SW-treated effector cells and NK target cells.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1992

Basic study on the effect of nasally administered salmon calcitonin preparation on the nasal ciliary epithelium.

Nasal administration of drugs is an administration method which is worthy of attention. In such therapy, local administration should not damage the nasal mucous membranes. In the present study, we conducted an investigation by the tissue culture test method of the functional and morphological effects of new nasal calcitonin preparation, which is being developed as a nasal spray agent for osteoporosis, on the nasal ciliary epithelium. The nasal septal mucous membranes of C3H-strain mice were used, and 5 types of nasal calcitonin preparations with a microcrystalline cellulose base and additives added were used. The various drugs were added to nasal mucous membrane slices in RPMI-1640 culture medium; ciliary activity before addition and 0.5, 2, and 4 hr after was electrophotometrically measured; and morphological observation was then carried out by SEM. In the various additive groups, virtually no effect on ciliary activity was observed, and the same results were obtained when 3 and 9 times the estimated clinical spray dosage was added. Moreover, in morphological observation by SEM, in the various additive groups, no morphological changes in samples of nasal ciliary specimens were observed after 4 hr of culturing at the maximum administered dosage (9 times the estimated clinical spray dosage). Based on these findings, it was concluded that the series of calcitonin preparations with various additives had no hazardous effect on the nasal ciliary epithelium.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1991

[Reconstruction with peroneal free flap after ablation of head and neck cancer].

One-stage reconstruction of head and neck defects following radical surgery was performed for two patients with the peroneal flaps which had the peroneal artery, vein and their branches as a pedicle. These flaps were viable without any post-operative complications. The advantages of these flaps are described as follows. (1) The subcutaneous fat is thin, and thus the flap is flexible and not bulky. (2) The diameters of the peroneal artery and vein are relatively large and the pedicle is long. (3) A pretty large size of the flap can be utilized. (4) A relatively long bone can be obtained together with skin at the same time, and the angle of the fibula can be easily changed. (5) Bleeding is little when the flap is taken out. (6) The resection of the tumor and the harvest of the flap can be done at the same time, due to different surgical areas. (7) The skin graft to the donor defect is not necessary, and the defect can be closed at one-stage. (8) The donor site does not stand out. Thus, this method is cosmetically excellent. This procedure has many advantages. Reconstruction with the peroneal flap offers a safe, reliable, and versatile method.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Transglycosylation activities of exo- and endo-type cellulases from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae).

Two highly purified cellulases, Ex-1 [exo-type, exo-cellobiohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.91] and En-1 [endo-type, EC 3.2.1.4] obtained from Driselase, a commercial enzyme preparation from Irpex lacteus (Polyporus tulipiferae), were used in this work. Both cellulases produced 14C-cellooligosaccharides such as 14C-G2 and 14C-G3 by transglycosylation when G3, G5, or beta-PNPC was used as a donor and 14C-G1 as an acceptor. However, the transglycosylation activity of Ex-1 was far higher than that of En-1. When Ex-1 or En-1 was incubated with beta-PNPG only, no p-nitrophenol was released, but it was readily released when G3 was added to the reaction mixture. In this reaction, the optimal donor (G3) concentration for Ex-1 was 1.0 mM, and the optimal pH values of Ex-1 were at 2.7 and 3.7 for beta-PNPG and beta-PG as acceptors, respectively, these values being far lower than the ordinary optimal pH values of the cellulase (4.0-5.0).

Basidiomycota↗
PubMed1981

Applicability of the potentiometric titration method to the analysis of the expansion process of bovine plasma albumin in acidic solutions.

To study the expansion process of bovine plasma albumin in acidic solutions, observed potentiometric titration curves at three different ionic strengths were compared with theoretical curves, using the radii of the protein determined by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). From the comparison, it was concluded that the expansion is completed via two different transitions and that the conformation of the protein before the first transition is stable and common at all ionic strengths, whereas the form of the protein becomes a more swollen and unstable one after the first transition. Moreover, the charge-independent part of the standard free energy change, delta G0, in the first transition was estimated from the potentiometric titration curves. The numerical value of delta G0 is 2350 +/- 50 cal/mol, which is very small compared with the corresponding one for ordinary biopolymers.

Animals↗