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Biomedical subjects

I Ross

Publications and source records attributed to I Ross.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

EXAFS studies of metallothionein.

Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) has been used to investigate the metal environment in a number of metallothioneins (MT). In all cases, the primary coordination sphere consists of sulphur atoms. In some cases, evidence for cluster formation is obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Structural study of the copper and zinc sites in metallothioneins by using extended X-ray-absorption fine structure.

Zn-metallothionein 1 from rabbit liver was investigated by means of Zn K-edge extended X-ray-absorption fine structure (e.x.a.f.s.). Also, the Cu and Zn K-edge e.x.a.f.s. were measured for two samples of mixed Cu Zn-metallothionein 2, with Cu/Zn ratios of 5:2 and 6:3, from pig liver. Detailed simulation of the Cu sites shows a primary co-ordination with three sulphur atoms, presumably from cysteine residues at 0.225 nm +/- 0.001 nm (2.25 +/- 0.01 A). The data for the Zn sites are best reproduced by four Zn-S separations at 0.233 +/- 0.001 nm (2.33 +/- 0.01 A). The Zn K-edge e.x.a.f.s. recorded for rabbit metallothionein 1 at 77 K shows, in addition to the primary co-ordination shell, evidence for two Zn-Zn separations at approx. 0.50 nm (5.0 A). This latter result provides the first information concerning the internal arrangement of zinc atoms in Zn7-metallothionein.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Haemodynamic adaptation to exercise in asymptomatic patients with severe aortic regurgitation.

Thirty-six patients with severe aortic regurgitation and 10 normal subjects underwent radionuclide angiography to examine the cardiovascular adaptations to exercise. Patients were sub-divided into four groups based on the directional change of ejection fraction with exercise. Group A (15 patients) showed normal ejection fraction at rest and peak exercise (0.65 +/- 0.05 and 0.73 +/- 0.06 respectively). Group D (six patients) showed significant abnormalities in left ventricular function at rest with further deterioration during exercise (0.44 +/- 0.09 to 0.35 +/- 0.07 respectively). In patients with good left ventricular function left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume decreased progressively with exercise and at peak exercise end-systolic volume was within normal limits. In patients with poor left ventricular function both end-diastoic and end-systolic volume progressively increased with exercise. Both net and total stroke volume were significantly higher at rest in patients with normal left ventricular function but net stroke volume increased with exercise only in those with good myocardial function and was quantitatively similar to that seen in normal subjects. The severity of aortic regurgitation as judged by regurgitant fraction was reduced during exercise in all except four patients, by an average of 22% in all groups. The major factor determining increasing cardiac output with exercise was found to be the status of myocardial function. Although reduction in the severity of aortic regurgitation may favourably influence distribution of stroke volume in those with normal myocardial function, it failed to contribute significantly to increasing cardiac output in those with poor left ventricular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Findings among 100 type 2 diabetics in a clinic in Penang, Malaysia, 1983-84.

A Specialist Clinic was commenced in August 1983, from the Medical School at Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia to assess: 1) the present control and 2) the incidence of complications in a diabetic population already receiving primary health care at Penang General Hospital. The ethnic groups among the diabetics were Chinese (39%), Malays (26%) and Indian (35%). There was a greater percentage of Indians than would be expected from the ethnic distribution of the population of Penang. The results of the first 100 (43 males and 57 females) non-insulin dependent diabetic patients are reviewed. The mean age was 54 years, 41% had relatives with diabetes, and all were taking oral agents. The diet comprehension and compliance were poor. 65% of the group, 54% of males and 75% of females were obese. The mean blood glucose was 11 m.mols/l (fasting) and 12.8 m.mols/1 (2 hours post prandial). The complications seen in the 100 diabetics were: albuminurea 41, skin infection 37, cataracts 35, hypertension 32, peripheral sensory neuropathy 32, retinopathy 22, ischaemic heart disease 19, autonomic neuropathy 10, impaired renal function 4 (urea or creatinine elevated), foot ulcer 2 and gangrene 1. Urinalysis for glucose at the Clinic showed very little correlation with blood glucose at the same time. Nine out of 43 males admitted to impotence on questioning. Comparisons of findings in Penang were made with recent studies in Singapore and Hong Kong.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Bronchial asthma in Malaysia.

Asthmatic patients constitute up to 5% of admissions to medical wards in our area. Analysis of 1099 adult asthmatic admissions over a 3-year period showed that Malays composed 31% of patients (expected 23%), Indians composed 36% (expected 31%) and Chinese only 32% (expected 46%). There was a reduced prevalence of asthma in the Chinese (P less than 0.001). Male asthmatic admissions showed a non-seasonal cyclic variation (P less than 0.01) with an increasing trend in the number of admissions (P less than 0.02). The proportion of male to female asthmatic admissions did not differ. In a sample of 50 asthmatic patients, studied in detail, the mean age of onset was 33.3 years (range 6-74) while only 14% of subjects had onset of asthma before the age of 10 years. Although the clinical features of these patients differ from those of Caucasian asthmatics, skin prick tests and other features suggest that the majority of our patients suffer from extrinsic atopic asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Congenital left coronary artery - right ventricular fistula.

The case of a neonate with heart failure and myocardial ischaemia due to a large coronary artery fistula is reported. ECG monitoring and Thallium - 201 imaging indicated pre-operative myocardial ischaemia. The diagnosis was confirmed by cardiac catheterization. Successful surgical ligation of the fistula was performed at the age of 10 days and to our knowledge is the first successful ligation in the neonatal period. Follow up Thallium - 201 imaging was normal. Repeat cardiac catheterization demonstrated complete closure of the fistula and normal left ventricular function.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1980

Gastric emptying of Caloreen meals in the newborn.

The gastric emptying of 10% solutions of glucose and of Caloreen, a glucose polymer, was compared in 16 newborn infants. Caloreen left the stomach more rapidly than glucose on all but one occasion. This has potential advantages to infant feeding.

Dietary Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1980

Patient package inserts: goals, success measures and research needs.

The distribution of written, patient-oriented information with most prescription drugs is a likely reality of the 1980s. This article briefly reviews the events leading up to today's patient package insert (PPI) momentum. More importantly, the article summarizes and clarifies the diversity of PPI goals, the difficulties of formulating and obtaining success measures on those goals, and, to a lesser extent, the differing priorities placed on the criteria by the mixture of PPI-affected publics. The framework presented here highlights the most pressing needs for PPI research.

Drug Labeling↗
PubMed1979

Is it necessary to warm infants' feeds?

The effect of temperature on gastric emptying after milk feeds was studied in 31 newborn infants. Test meals were a commercially prepared modified cows' milk (a) at body temperature and (b) at room temperature. Our results suggest that temperature has no effect on gastric emptying.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cilia and sperm tail abnormalities in Polynesian bronchiectatics.

Sperm tails and bronchial cilia from Polynesians with bronchiectasis were examined in the electron microscope. The outer doublet tubules of the axonemal skeleton in these organelles either lacked dynein arms or had only partial arms. Various other cilial abnormalities were common. The sperm were immotile and pulmonary mucociliary clearance was reduced or absent.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1975

Aspirating subdural effusions, so called brain stem shock.

A shift of blood into the head during negative pressure aspiration of subdural haematomas in an infant has been demonstrated, and also that aspiration may restart bleeding. An estimate of the elasticity of a 47 cm circumference skull has been obtained. It is suggested that the observed changes in distribution of blood are sufficient to explain the occasional deaths of infants after aspiration of subdural haematomas and that so-called "brain stem shock" need not be invoked.

Blood Volume Determination↗