A new dimension for the nursing student--bring advanced nursing practice to the community.
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Community Health Services↗
Biomedical subjects
I Ross
Publications and source records attributed to I Ross.
Delayed traumatic arteriovenous fistula of the kidney.
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Adult↗
Classification of 1H MR spectra of human brain neoplasms: the influence of preprocessing and computerized consensus diagnosis on classification accuracy.
We study how classification accuracy can be improved when both different data preprocessing methods and computerized consensus diagnosis (CCD) are applied to 1H magnetic resonance (MR) spectra of astrocytomas, meningiomas, and epileptic brain tissue. The MR spectra (360 MHz, 37 degrees C) of tissue specimens (biopsies) from subjects with meningiomas (95; 26 cases), astrocytomas (74; 26 cases), and epilepsy (37; 8 cases) were preprocessed by several methods. Each data set was partitioned into training and validation sets. Robust classification was carried out via linear discriminant analysis (LDA), artificial neural nets (NN), and CCD, and the results were compared with histopathological diagnosis of the MR specimens. Normalization of the relevant spectral regions affects classification accuracy significantly. The spectra-based average three-class classification accuracies of LDA and NN increased from 81.7% (unnormalized data sets) to 89.9% (normalized). CCD increased the classification accuracy of the normalized sets to an average of 91.8%. CCD invariably decreases the fraction of unclassifiable spectra. The same trends prevail, with improved results, for case-based classification. Preprocessing the 1H MR spectra is essential for accurate and reliable classification of astrocytomas, meningiomas, and nontumorous epileptic brain tissue. CCD improves classification accuracy, with an attendant decrease in the fraction of unclassifiable spectra or cases.
Astrocytoma↗
What influences outcome of stroke--pyrexia or dysphagia?
To investigate the significance of pyrexia and dysphagia as risk factors for mortality at 90 days in patients admitted with an acute stroke when controlled with other confounding factors, 202 stroke patients admitted to acute medical wards were prospectively studied for demographic and neurological details, stroke syndromes and pathology. A number of other factors were recorded within three days of admission, including pyrexia and dysphagia. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to identify the effect of 10 factors on mortality at 90 days; 59 (29%) patients had died by 90 days. Univariate analysis revealed pyrexia and dysphagia to be independently and significantly associated with indices of stroke severity and 90 day mortality (p < 0.001 for both). Cox's proportional hazards model, however, revealed that stroke mortality was associated with dysphagia (relative risk 2.6, 95% CI 1.2-5.4; p = 0.009), pre-existing diabetes mellitus (2.4, CI 1.2-4.5; p = 0.006), higher age > 75 years (1.8, CI 1.0-3.1), ischaemic heart disease (2.1, CI 1.1-4.2, p = 0.025), total anterior circulation syndromes (2.8, CI 1.5-5.2) and previous stroke (1.8, CI 1.0-3.2, p = 0.028). Pyrexia was not a significant factor (p = 0.50). Although both pyrexia and dysphagia are associated with higher mortality in acute stroke patients, dysphagia was a significant variable predicting death at 90 days when controlled for other factors known to influence stroke mortality. Pyrexia is not significant when other variables are considered.
Adult↗