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Biomedical subjects

I Sayek

Publications and source records attributed to I Sayek.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prophylactic effect of albendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis.

To determine the effectiveness of prophylactic short-term administration of albendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis this substance was given at a dose of 15 mg/kg for 96 hours prior to scolex implantation. In contrast to the 81.8% of the controls, only 11.1% of the experimental animals developed intraperitoneal hydatidosis over a period of 18 weeks (p < 0.001). The newly defined cyst index was also decreased from 2.09 to 0.22 by the administration of albendazole (p < 0.005). It is concluded that albendazole, when given for 96 hours prior to any suspected intraperitoneal spillage of viable hydatid cyst contents could significantly reduce secondary peritoneal hydatidosis.

Albendazole↗
PubMed1991

Intestinal Behçet's disease: surgical experience in seven cases.

Seven cases of Behçet's disease involving the intestines are reported. The terminal ileum and the ileocecal area was involved in all seven cases, with complications requiring surgical treatment. Primary right hemicolectomy and ileal resection was performed in six, and ileal resection in one patient who required a secondary right hemicolectomy because of leakage from the small bowel anastomosis. In two patients the disease was classified as complete and in five patients as incomplete. The results of this experience with seven cases of intestinal Behçet's disease have demonstrated that the complications may be serious, and that surgical treatment should be considered more readily.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Resolution and kinetic characterization of glutathione S-transferases from human jejunal mucosa.

Cytosolic glutathione S-transferases were purified from human jejunal mucosa by affinity chromatography on S-hexylglutathione-Sepharose 4B. Chromatofocusing in the pH range 7-4 yielded peaks with apparent pI's of 7.2 (peak 1), 5.2 (peak 2), and 4.4 (peak 3). Each enzymatic fraction was shown to have a homodimeric structure, with subunit mass of 24.9 +/- 0.5 (P1), 27.9 +/- 0.9 (P2), and 23.4 +/- 0.8 (P3) kDa, as determined by SDS-PAGE. The substrate specificity of each peak was tested using discriminating substrates for basic, near-neutral, and acidic GSTs. With cumene hydroperoxide, the diagnostic substrate for the alpha (basic) class of GSTs, P1 showed 8- to 36-fold higher activity than P2 and P3. Ethacrynic acid, the selective substrate for the acidic enzyme (pi), gave highest activity with P3. The inhibitory potentials of sulfobromophthalein, cibacron blue, tributyltin acetate, triphenyltin chloride, and bromphenol blue were also tested. A qualitative resemblance between P1 and alpha, and P3 and pi GSTs was noted. The substrate specificity and inhibiton parameters of P2 corresponded most closely to those of mu-GST. The relative abundances of P1, P2, and P3 (based on CDNB-conjugating activity) were 35, 5, and 60%, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effect of prophylactic mebendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis.

The primary treatment of hydatid disease is surgical. The most important complication of the surgical treatment is secondary hydatidosis due to spillage of the cyst contents. Medical treatment, with mebendazole, has been used extensively. This study was undertaken to evaluate the prophylactic effect of mebendazole in experimental peritoneal hydatidosis. Mebendazole was given for 96 hours in a dose of 40 to 65 milligrams per kilogram per day before the inoculation of scolices intraperitoneally. This prophylactic therapy decreased the intraperitoneal formation of cysts significantly from 80 to 11 per cent (p less than 0.005). The preoperative administration is recommended to prevent secondary hydatidosis due to spillage of scolices during the operative intervention.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Surgical treatment of hydatid disease of the liver.

The records of 100 consecutive cases of hydatid disease of the liver that were treated surgically were reviewed to determine the complications and the results of different surgical procedures applied. Of those, 74% had single cyst and in 70% the disease was confined to the right lobe of the liver. Marsupialization and omentoplasty were the most commonly used techniques, followed by cystectomy, tube drainage, and cystojejunostomy. Infection in the remaining cavity was the most common postoperative complication. The complication rates were higher in marsupialization and tube drainage when compared with omentoplasty and cystectomy. Omentoplasty and cystectomy led to a shorter hospitalization period. All of the patients who underwent omentoplasty or cystectomy had good results whereas only 28.1% of those on whom marsupialization was done and 27.3% of the patients who underwent tube drainage had good results. The overall mortality was 3%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Prophylactic use of antibiotics in biliary tract and stomach surgery (author's transl)].

115 patients undergoing elective surgery on biliary tract (80 patients), and stomach (35 patients) for duodenal ulcer were divided into three groups: some received prophylactic antibiotics, cephalothin sodium or sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim and some received none. The antibiotics were started preoperatively and continued postoperatively for three days. The wound infection rate was reduced from 7.1% in the control group to 2.3% in patients treated with cephalothin sodium and 3.2% in sulfamethoxazole trimethoprim treated group. In patients who had biliary tract surgery, the wound infection rate was reduced to 3.3% and 0% with cephalothin sodium and sulfamethoxasole-trimetoprim respectively from 10% in the control group. Only one patient who had gastric surgery who received sulfamethoxasole-trimetoprim prophylactically, developed wound infection postoperatively. The difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However the wound infection rate was higher in patients who had positive bile culture (p < 0.05).

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of malignant pleural effusion: a method using tube thoracostomy and talc.

Our experience with a simple bedside method for controlling recurrent symptomatic malignant pleural effusion is presented. The method consists of intercostal tube thoracostomy, instillation of a suspension of talc, and waterseal suction drainage. Based on our experience, we believe certain criteria should be met before undertaking talc pleurodesis. In properly selected patients the results with tube thoracostomy and talc pleurodesis have been uniformly good in preventing fluid recurrence and return of disabling symptoms. The technique and results are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of polyglycolic acid and polypropylene meshes on postoperative adhesion formation in mice.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of polyglycolic acid (PGA), an absorbable (ABS) mesh, and polypropylene (PP), a nonabsorbable (NA) mesh, on intestinal adhesion formation. Altogether 72 mice were divided into a control group of 24, an ABS mesh group of 23, and an NA mesh group of 25. All three groups were divided into two subgroups for evaluation of adhesion severity at postoperative (po) days 5 and 90. Adhesion severity was measured with adhesion grading and tissue hydroxyproline (OHP) levels. Adhesion degree was minimal (1) in all subjects on day 5. Also there was no difference in tissue OHP levels between three groups on day 5 (p > 0.05). Adhesion degree and tissue OHP levels as determinants of adhesion severity were higher in the PGA mesh group than the control group and the PP mesh group on day 90 (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the control group and the PP mesh groups (p > 0.05). Adhesion degree was higher on day 90 than on day 5 in the control group and the PGA mesh group (p < 0.05), whereas tissue OHP level was higher on day 90 than on day 5 in all three groups (p < 0.001). Also there was linear correlation between adhesion degree and tissue OHP levels (r = 0.86, p < 0.001). The study demonstrates that ABS PGA mesh has higher potential for adhesion formation than the NA PP mesh, probably related to the increased foreign body and inflammatory reactions during the absorption process of the mesh.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Missed malignancies during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is now the treatment of choice for symptomatic gallstone diseases. However, besides its great benefits, perhaps the most disappointing complication of this operation is missed malignancies. In this study, patients who had missed malignancies that were diagnosed shortly after laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied. We aim to find out the cause of missed and delayed diagnosis. METHODOLOGY: Between 1991 and June 1997, 9 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which had been performed elsewhere 2-9 months earlier, and having had missed malignancy were included in this study. A diagnostic survey was collected from the medical records, questionnaires, and a semiological analysis. All laboratory data and physical findings, before and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, were recorded. Follow-up data were obtained through a telephone questionnaire. RESULTS: Of these 9 patients, 6 had colorectal carcinoma and 3 had pancreas carcinoma. All patients complained of recent atypical pain at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, except for 1 patient who had no symptomatic regression. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to make a careful semiological, physical and laboratory analysis of patients with cholelithiasis before especially laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Elderly patients, atypical biliary pain and associated symptoms must draw attention to the possibility malignancy.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors effecting mortality in urban vertical free falls: evaluation of 180 cases.

AIM: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the factors on mortality in urban free vertical falls. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 180 urban vertical free fall victims who survived transport to the emergency room between the period of 1980-1998 were evaluated. Minor bruises, abrasions, haematomas, and soft tissue injuries were not encountered. Serious injuries such as bone fractures, liver lacerations, epi-subdural haematomas, haemothorax, haemomediastinum, retroperitoneal haematomas were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the total, 23% (n = 41) of patients were female and 73% (n = 139) were male. The mean age was 22.3 years (4-75 years). Extremity fractures were found in 6.7% (n = 12), cranial trauma in 14.4% (n = 26), thoracic trauma in 2.2% (n = 4) retroperitoneal trauma in 2.8% (n = 5), vertebral column trauma in 1.7% (n = 3) of cases. The overall number of the pathologies was 59. In-hospital mortality was 8.9% (n = 16). The injury severity scores (ISSs) of non-survivors and survivors were 33 +/- 4, and 5 +/- 0.6, respectively (P = 0.0001). The heights fallen were 8.6 +/- 2.3 m for non-survivors and 5.2 +/- 0.2 m for survivors (P = 0.022). The mean ages of non-survivors and survivors were 41.6 +/- 5.9 years and 20.4 +/- 1.2 years, respectively (P = 0.003). Serious cranial trauma was found in 68.7% (n = 11) and 9.1% (n = 5) of non-survivors and survivors, respectively (P = 0.0001). Extremity trauma was encountered in 31.2% (n = 5) and 4.2% (n = 7) of non-survivors and survivors, respectively (P = 0.0015). The ISSs were 6.8 +/- 1.0 and 8.9 +/- 1.1 for cases under the age of 6 years and others, respectively (P = 0.15). Using logistic regression analysis, ISS, height and age were found to be significant factors in mortality. CONCLUSION: Vertical deceleration injury represents a distinct form of trauma. With the results of this study, it can be concluded that ISS, height and age are significant factors in determining the severity of trauma.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adrenalin tolerance does not prevent bacterial translocation in a murine burn model.

Burn injury causes mesenteric vasoconstriction and bacterial translocation. Since catecholamines are powerful vasoconstrictors and elevated immediately after burn injury, we hypothesised that adrenaline tolerance might decrease burn-induced mesenteric vasoconstriction and bacterial translocation. Adrenaline tolerance was developed in Swiss albino mice. Adrenaline tolerant and control animals were subdivided into sham-burn and burn subgroups. 24 h after sham-burn or burn injury, specimens were obtained for microbiological evaluation. Also, in a separate group of adrenaline tolerant and control animals, superior mesenteric blood flow was measured. Burn injury increased bacterial translocation rate in both control (P = 0.001) and adrenaline tolerant groups (P = 0.0351). The caecal bacterial level increase was significant after burn injury in control groups (P = 0.0004) but was not significant in adrenaline tolerant animals (P = 0.743). Mesenteric blood flow was decreased significantly by burn injury in both control and adrenaline tolerant animals (P < 0.00001). The results showed that catecholamines do not mediate postburn mesenteric vasoconstriction or bacterial translocation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of MPI and PIA II in two different groups of patients with secondary peritonitis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: There are several scoring systems designed to predict mortality in patients with peritonitis, which need validation in different patient populations. Our aim was to evaluate Mannheim Peritonitis Index (MPI) and Peritonitis Index of Altona (PIA II) in patients with postoperative peritonitis and other causes of secondary peritonitis. METHODOLOGY: The records of patients operated for intraabdominal infection between 1987-1996 in Hacettepe University Department of General Surgery, were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 473 patients were included in the study; 75 of them had postoperative peritonitis (POSTOP group) and the remaining 398 had secondary peritonitis due to other causes (OTHER group). Using multiple logistic regression, MPI and PIA II were combined in an equation and this new variable was called combined peritonitis score (CPS); CPS = -9 + (0.3 x MPI) + (-1.2 x PIA II). All patients were scored according to MPI, PIA II and CPS. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves and sharpness of scores were compared. Also mean scores in both groups, proportions of correct predictions of outcome according to scores and correlation of scores with mortality were compared. RESULTS: Overall mortality was 17.8% in OTHER group and 33.3% in POSTOP group (P = 0.0018). Higher MPI scores, lower PIA II scores and higher CPS scores were associated with higher mortality in both groups (P < 0.0001). Mean MPI values were higher, mean PIA II values were lower and mean CPS values were higher in POSTOP group (P < 0.001). The areas under ROC curves of CPS were bigger than MPI and PIA II in both groups. Sharpness of CPS was higher in both groups compared to MPI and PIA II (P < 0.05). Proportion of correct predictions of outcome was highest in CPS among the three scores (P = 0.0074). CPS had the best correlation with observed mortality. CONCLUSIONS: POSTOP group patients had higher MPI, lower PIA II and higher CPS values ending up with higher mortality. This may be because of the delay in diagnosis and treatment, resulting with higher organ failure rates. Generally the results of evaluations for MPI and PIA II are similar. When these two peritonitis scores are combined and used together in the form of CPS, all the parameters improve.

Abdomen↗