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Biomedical subjects

I Sayek

Publications and source records attributed to I Sayek.

78 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hydatid cyst of the spleen: treatment options.

Hydatidosis is a highly endemic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus. The spleen is infrequently involved in hydatid disease. Splenectomy is the conventional treatment, but there are other treatment options as well. In this article, we reviewed the data of 14 patients with splenic hydatidosis operated on during the last 20 years. The spleen was involved in 2.5% of all abdominal hydatidosis cases during this period and was the only location of disease in 7 of the 14 patients. Partial cystectomy and omentopexy was performed on 2 patients, and splenectomy was performed on 12 patients. In 2 patients, percutaneous drainage was the initial choice of treatment but was not successful, and splenectomy was performed eventually. There was no mortality, and the morbidity rate was 28.6%. Although currently splenectomy is the conventional treatment, experience suggests that partial cystectomy and omentopexy should be the procedure of choice for the treatment of splenic hydatidosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of peritoneal lavage on peritoneal cellular defense mechanisms.

To assess the effect of peritoneal lavage on peritoneal cellular defense mechanisms, peritoneal fluid total cell counts, cell types, phagocytic activity and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) chemotaxis before and 4 hours after saline lavage was studied on 70 rats. Lavage with 10 ml saline decreased the peritoneal total cell counts of rats from 10.6 x 10(6) to 6.6 x 10(6) (p < 0.005). Among the peritoneal cells, the fraction of PMNL increased whereas the macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells decreased (p < 0.005). The phagocytic activity of peritoneal phagocytic cells did not change significantly by peritoneal lavage. However, after lavage, PMNL instead of macrophages were the prominent phagocytic cells. Chemotactic index of peritoneal PMNL also did not change with saline lavage. It is concluded that although the phagocytic and chemotactic activity of peritoneal fluid cells are not affected by peritoneal lavage, cellular defense of the peritoneum may be compromised by altering the total cell counts and their composition.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Risk factors affecting the mortality in acute gastric mucosal lesions.

Forty-five patients with acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML), operated on in a 15-year period (1976-1990) were retrospectively analyzed to assess the factors affecting the mortality. The operative mortality rate was 37.78%. Univariate and multivariate analysis were done to demonstrate if any of the previously derived set of 15 clinical variables was related to the operative mortality. The clinical variables used were age, sex, indication of initial hospitalization, hypotension, recent operation, NSAID use, AGML prophylaxis, transfusion, recent upper Gl bleeding, concurrent major medical illness, concurrent sepsis, type of operation, postoperative complication, rebleeding, and reoperation for AGML. Mean age, major medical illness, postoperative complication, rebleeding, and reoperation were found to affect the prognosis according to the univariate analysis. Only postoperative complication and concurrent major medical illness were significant factors affecting the mortality when multivariate analysis was done. Further analysis showed that concurrent major medical illness and initial indication of hospitalization were the significant factors among the studied variables affecting the postoperative complication rate. The type of operation did not alter the prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Animal models for intra-abdominal infection.

Animal models are widely used to study intra-abdominal infections. Experimental intra-abdominal infections. Experimental intra-abdominal infection is a bi-phasic process; initially a peritonitis or septic phace caused by E. coli and later a chronic-abscess forming stage, caused by B. fragilis similar to human beings. Various methods have been described. These methods includes challenge of the peritoneum with either endogenous bacteria or inoculation of pure bacteria or fectal material. Non-bacterial models have also been described. Each of these models have their own advantages and disadvantages. The aim and the end points should govern the selection of the right model to be used for experimental purposes. The ideal model should be reliable, standard, reproducible and resembling human disease. A single model with those specifications is yet to be described.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Septic complications after biliary tract stone surgery: a review and report of the European prospective study.

We report a prospective, controlled study of the incidence of septic complications following biliary tract stone surgery. This study included a total of 280 patients operated on in eight hospitals in various European countries. In this study the computer program "Surgery" was used. Of 280 patients, 77 (27.5%) were male and 203 (72.5%) were female. The age ranged from 20 to 92 years (mean 54.8 years); 78.9% of the cases corresponded to clean-contaminated surgery; 85% of the patients received antibiotic prophylaxis with cefazolin. Twenty-one patients developed postoperative septic complications (7.5%) of which 12 (4.3%) were wound infections; five patients (1.8%) had intra-abdominal infections. The wound infection rate was 3.2% in clean-contaminated surgery, 7.7% in contaminated and 20% in dirty (p < 0.02). In laparoscopic cholecystectomy the global rate of septic complications was 3.6% vs. 12.6% in open cholecystectomy (p < 0.01); 2.4% and 6.3% wound infection respectively. The mean age of patients who developed postoperative septic complications was 61.5 years and 54.2 years old who did not develop any complications (p < 0.03). The duration of the postoperative period was 5 days in patients without infection and 13 days in patients with infection (p < 0.0001). Two patients died, one of them (0.4%) caused by sepsis. In addition to the European prospective study, a review of the problems of sepsis in biliary surgery was carried out.

Adult↗