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Biomedical subjects

I V Novikova

Publications and source records attributed to I V Novikova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Experience in treating chronic periodontal diseases with vilprafene (josamycin)].

Forty-two patients with chronic generalized periodontitis were treated. Thirty-five patients presented with exacerbation of the disease of second-third degree of severity, clinically manifesting with hyperemia, edema of the gingival mucosa with pyorrhea from the gingivodental pouches, and mobility of teeth of the second-third degree; exacerbation of the process with abscesses round 1-2 teeth was observed in 4 patients, abscesses in the periodontal bone in 2, and edematous hypertrophic gingivitis in 1 patient. All patients were treated with vilprafene. Pyorrhea ceased, hyperemia and edema of the gingival mucosa resolved after treatment in 39 (92.8%) patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1997

Changes in registered congenital anomalies in the Republic of Belarus after the Chernobyl accident.

A descriptive analysis of birth defects and malformations was performed to assess whether the rates of these defects correlate with the geographic areas of Belarus that received different levels of 137Cs contamination resulting from the Chernobyl catastrophe. Since this accident in 1986, the frequency of both congenital and fetal abnormalities in the Republic of Belarus has apparently increased. This increase is most prominent in areas with at least 555 9Bq/m2 radioactive contamination, although it has not been possible to correlate the individual dose received by a pregnant woman with the incidence of congenital malformations. The types of anomalies that were most increased in frequency were multiple congenital malformations, polydactyly, and reduction limb defects. These malformations are commonly associated with dominant new mutations. Chromosomal disorders such as occur in Down syndrome were not increased in frequency, nor could teratogenic effects be attributed to exposure to ionizing radiation. Preventive measures have apparently reduced the number of births with congenital abnormalities but have had no apparent effect on the frequency of fetal defects. Results of our analysis are consistent with the hypothesis that ionizing radiation released during the Chernobyl accident may have placed fetuses and neonates at risk for congenital malformations. Epidemiological studies are now required to determine whether a mother's radiation dose correlates with congenital malformations in her children.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1994

[Incidence of developmental defects in human embryos in the territory of Byelarus after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station].

The incidence of developmental abnormalities (DA) among 5 to 12-week human embryos collected in Minsk during abortions before the Chernobyl' accident was compared to that in Minsk, Mogilev, and southeastern districts of Gomel' and Mogilev regions before and after the accident. The incidence of DA among human embryos from the most radionuclide-contaminated rural regions of Byelarus exceeds that of the control group and of the urban population after the Chernobyl' accident by a factor of 1.5-2. The mutagenic effect of irradiation is the most probable cause of the increased DA frequency. These data suggest that recording of DA in embryos obtained by medical abortions is a new promising approach to the monitoring of genetic consequences of irradiation in human populations.

Abnormalities, Radiation-Induced↗
PubMed1992

[Pathomorphologic verification of the prenatal diagnosis of developmental defects in trimester II fetuses].

153 foetuses were studied obtained after the artificial abortion for genetical indications. The scheme of the material investigation is given. Isolated, systemic and multiple defects were found in 39.0, 12.1 and 48.9%, respectively, and the contribution of the syndrome forms in the multiple developmental disturbances was 60.9%. The interruption of the pregnancy in 2% of cases was assessed as unfounded: as a consequence of hyperdiagnosis and in cases of treatable defects. The frequency of the discrepancy between prenatal and pathology diagnoses was 31.8% including hyperdiagnosis of the defect (1.3%), nosological disagreement (13.3%), the lack of diagnosis of the additional defects detectable during II trimester by present ultrasound methods (17.2%). The efficacy of the work of the prenatal diagnostic centre is, according to the authors, the number of justified interruptions of pregnancy (98% in this study).

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1991

Renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia and its variants.

A family is reported, in which two pregnancies resulted in the birth of a female fetus with multiple congenital anomalies, including renal cystic dyplasia, pancreatic fibrosis with dilated pancreatic duct, and some anomalies of the face and genitalila. The pathology of the second fetus was revealed by prenatal ultrasonographic examination. In the relevant literature 20 additional cases of renal-hepatic-pancreatic dysplasia (RHPD) could be found. It is demonstrated that cystic renal dysplasia associated with pancreatic fibrosis or cystofibrosis (with normal liver) as well as cystic renal dysplasia associated with hepatic fibrosis (with normal pancreas) should be considered as incomplete RHPD variants. In 6 cases out of 22, the infants had some features of the apolysplenia complex, including situs inversus and/or heart defects. The association of RHPD and apolysplenia has been proved to be an autosomal recessively inherited syndrome. Most probably RHPD without apolysplenia represents a separate entity with autosomal recessive mode of inheritance as well.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1990

[Willebrand's factor, functional activity of blood platelets and antiaggregation activity of the vascular wall in ischemic heart disease].

Fifty coronary male patients aged 34 to 63 (the mean age 46) and 32 normal male subjects aged 18 to 32 (mean age 23) were examined for the levels of Willebrand's factor, induced platelet aggregation, beta-thromboglobulin, thromboxane, prostacyclin levels, and vascular wall antiaggregation activity (by the cuff test). Basing on literature data and their own findings the authors come to a conclusion that elevated plasma concentration of Willebrand's factor combined with increased functional activity of platelets and reduced vascular wall antiaggregation activity is the key factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis development and progress.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Pathology of developmental defects of the digestive system in human embryos].

Total incidence of the alimentary system defects was 1.05 +/- 0.12% in the non-selected material of medical abortions performed at 5-12 weeks of the intrauterine development. Atresia and stenosis of the duodenum are described for the first time in the embryos of the above age, the possibility of differential diagnosis between physiological and pathological atresia is established. The connection between the ducts of the ring-like head of pancreas and ductus choledochus is observed thus confirming the hypothesis of the additional pancreatic part developing from the ventral anlage. Diagnosis of Mekkel's diverticulum became possible beginning from stage 17. The existence of atresia, stenosis and gastro-intestinal tract doubling in the embryos of the above age indicate that at least some of these defects are not connected with a secondary damage of the intestinal tube due to circulation disturbances, recanalization or inflammation but represent a primary developmental anomaly arising in the early ontogenesis.

Digestive System↗
PubMed1990

[Functional state of the vascular wall in patients with coronary arteriosclerosis and different types of reactions to psycho- emotional stress].

With changes in psychoemotional stress, antithrombogenic properties of the vascular wall and hemostatic parameters were evaluated in 25 healthy subjects and 46 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who differently performed a leader function when intrapersonal interaction was simulated by using a bioengineering "Gomeostat" device. There was a significant increase in the functional activity of the hemostatic system involving enhanced platelet functional activity and diminished blood procoagulative fibrinolytic activity and decreased antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall in patients with CHD who showed a managerial tactics during simulated intrapersonal interaction in a minor group as compared to a group of followers among CHD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of clopheline on thrombocyte aggregation].

Data on clopheline effect on platelet aggregation, both spontaneous and ADP- or adrenaline-induced, in normal donors are reported. Clopheline is shown to slightly increase aggregation in normal subjects, exhibiting properties of a weak aggregation inductor. Where adrenaline is present in the aggregating system, clopheline undermines its platelet aggregation-inducing effect and, consequently, shows properties of a more competitive antagonist, as compared to adrenaline.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗
PubMed1988

[Disorders of the antithrombogenic properties of the vascular wall in patients with ischemic heart disease and their restitution using a complex of pharmaceutical preparations].

Hemostatic studies were carried out in 98 patients with various types of coronary disease and 31 normal subjects, both at relative rest and during the cuff test. High platelet activity in combination with reduced blood anticoagulation and fibrinolytic activity were demonstrated. The cuff test showed reduced antithrombogenic (antiaggregation, anticoagulation, fibrinolytic) properties in the vascular wall. Combined medication has been developed to repair antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Skeletal anomalies in the VATER syndrome in human embryos].

Anomalies of the skeleton and internal organs have been described in 9- and 12-week-old human fetuses with the VATER syndrome. Together with the known anomalies occurring at the syndrome, certain anomalies in development of the skin, tarsus and wrist bones are revealed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

[Dynamics of cyclase systems and hormonal indices in patients with ischemic heart disease in a state of emotional stress].

A total of 64 male patients with varying forms of coronary heart disease (CHD), aged 43 to 65 years, and free of diabetes mellitus, obesity and arterial hypertension symptoms, were studied in conditions of emotional stress simulated, using the method of mental calculations with shifts of attention under time shortage. Pre- and post-exercise blood levels of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP), the somatotropic hormone and immunoreactive insulin were measured. Stress-induced decrease in platelet cAMP/cGMP ratios, indicative of further increase in the functional activity of platelets, was demonstrated in coronary patients with marked coronary atherosclerosis, as contrasted to normal subjects and patients with milder disease. They also showed a more considerable (sixfold) increase in the somatotropic hormone levels and a tendency to decreased levels of immunoreactive insulin under stress, apparently as a consequence of the prevailing activation of alpha-adrenoreceptor pathways.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Disorders in the status of the vessel-thrombocyte and plasma links of the hemostatic system in the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation in ischemic heart disease].

Platelet/vascular and plasma elements of hemostasis were investigated in normal subjects and coronary patients under stimulated emotional stress, following the assessment of vascular wall antithrombogenic properties on the basis of evidence from short-term local vascular ischemia (the cuff test). In normal subjects, vascular wall antithrombotic properties remained unchanged, providing a sufficient anticoagulant and thrombolytic support under emotional stress and thereby protecting the body against thrombosis. Coronary patients showed depressed vascular-wall antiaggregant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic activity and latent disseminated intravascular microcoagulation that tended to progress under mental stress, creating a risk of intravascular thrombosis.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗