Superoxide dismutase activity of myocardial cytosol increases with rat age (1, 3, 12, 24 months) whereas catalase activity is unchanged. Glutathione peroxidase activity with H2O2, cumene and t-butyl hydroperoxides as substrates increases more than 1.5-fold over the period from 1 to 12 months. The high activity of these enzymes is maintained in 24-month-old rats.

Aging↗

PubMed1982

[Lipid peroxidation in rat liver mitochondria in aging and in hyperthyroidism].

The rate of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in rat liver mitochondria induced by the Fe++ + ascorbate system was considerably reduced in 1--12-month-old rats, remained unchanged thereafter up to the 24th postnatal month and was decreased in hyperthyroid rats aged 1- and 3 months. The rate of NADPH-dependent LPO was also sharply decreased up to the 12th month of age, showing a further rise in 24-month-old animals, i. e. thus remained lower than in 1- and 3-month-old rats; under hyperthyroidism the LPO rate was increased in more highly 12-month-old animals. A reverse correlation between the level of reducibility of matrix pyridine nucleotides and the rate of enzymatic LPO in mitochondria was established. A physiological role of LPO is postulated.

Aging↗

PubMed1982

[Lipid peroxidation of myocardial membranes and its regulation during aging].

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Aging↗

PubMed1981

[Lipid peroxidation in the postnuclear and microsomal fractions of rat liver homogenates upon aging].

The rate of lipid peroxidation in the postnuclear fraction of rat liver homogenate determined by malonic dialdehyde appearance decreases upon ageing. This is due to a decrease in the enzymatic lipid peroxidation in microsomes and to an increase in the NADPH-dependent (antioxidant) effect of the soluble fraction of rat liver cells. The latter effect is mediated by thiols and is presumably caused by the increase in the glutathione peroxidase activity upon ageing.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid peroxidation and regulation of it in rat blood and liver under the experimental alimentary radionuclide effect].

Effect of alimentary radionuclide load (137Cs, 700 Bq for animal per day during 7, 14 and 22 days) on the lipid peroxidation intensity and blood and liver enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system in the Wistar male-rats was investigated. It was found that considerable change of antioxidant system activity in plasma and erythrocytes of experimental animals was already noticeable on the 7th day of radionuclide load. After 22 days of experiment the reliability of glutathione-dependent antioxidant system in blood was essentially decreased and lipid hydroperoxide content was increased. The increase of lipid peroxidation intensity was also found in the experimental animals liver but at the same time the activities of all studied enzymes of antioxidant system were significantly higher than they were in the control rats.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of subtherapeutic doses of docetaxel (taxotere) on the efficacy of radiotherapy and pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in rats with Guerin's carcinoma].

In the experiments at Wistar male rats the effect of subtherapeutic doses of docetaxel (5 and 10 mg/kg) on the radiotherapy efficacy (20 Gy of single-dose X-rays) namely growth rate of Guerin's tumor and prooxidant-antioxidant balance in liver and blood of animals bearing tumors was investigated. It has been demonstrated that docetaxel at dose 5 mg/kg given 18 hours before irradiation resulted in significant tumor growth delay (2.3-2.7-fold) in comparison with group of rats that received only irradiation. After application of higher dose of docetaxel there was no statistically significant change of tumor size along the whole experiment (14 and 21 days after tumor implantation). Content of lipid peroxidation products was revealed to be considerably increased after chemotherapy and concurrent irradiation when docetaxel was used in a dose of 10 mg/kg. At the same time glutatione peroxidase activity and antioxidative activity of blood plasma were reduced. In the rat liver chemoradiotherapy led to decrease of glutathion peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase activity to greater degree at docetaxel dose of 10 mg/kg. The obtained results allow to conclude that higher dose of docetaxel and concurrent irradiation resulted in the most effective Guerin's carcinoma growth delay and considerable deviation of antioxidant-prooxidant balance of tissues in the direction of the last.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of biologically active substances of animal and plant origin on prooxidant-antioxidant balance in rats with experimental prostatic hyperplasia].

The effect of biologically active complexes of animal (prostatilen) and plant (permixon) origin on physiological indices of prostate and prooxidant-antioxidant balance in prostate and blood was studied in rats with the hyperprolactinemia-induced prostatic hyperplasia. It was shown that both prostatilen (1 mg of the total peptides per kg) and permixon (100 mg of Serenoa repens extract per kg) prevent increase in the prostate mass and volume, in the content of lipid hydroperoxides, and in the glutathione peroxidase activity in prostate. Prostatilen, in contrast to permixon, normalized the content of lipid hydroperoxides (increased under hyperplazia conditions) and increases glutathione peroxidase activity (reduced under hyperplazia conditions).

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of tetracycline and silibore on lipid peroxidation in the liver od rats of various age].

As shown by accumulation of malonic dialdehyde and chemiluminescence rate monitoring tetracycline activated both NADPH- and ascorbate-dependent lipid peroxidation in liver tissue of 1, 3, 12 and 24 months old rats. The most distinct induction of lipid peroxidation was observed in old animals, which appears to occur due to a decrease in efficiency of NADPH-GSH-dependent enzymatic antioxidant system. Silibore prevented the stimulating effect of tetracycline on enzymatic and nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation, being apparently involved in hepatoprotective effect.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Features of ischemic injuries to membranes and activation of lipid peroxidation in the myocardium of rats of various ages].

The model of interrupted ischemia of the isolated heart has been used to show that the yield of lactate dehydrogenase into perfusate in experiments on old rats is described by more sharply pronounced S-like dependence than that in young immature animals. The activation of lipid peroxidation precedes the sarcolemma damage and is relatively more manifested in rats of middle and old age. The respiratory control of mitochondria (in homogenates) decreases considerably already 20 min after ischemia, however mitochondria retain their ability to synthesize ATP 3 h later as well. The causal-effect relationship between the activation of lipid peroxidation and partial disturbance of the mitochondrial function remains unclear.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Peroxidation of biomembrane lipids and its enzymatic regulation during aging in the rat].

Measurement of the intensity of chemiluminescence and accumulation of the peroxidation products detected in the reaction with thiobarbituric acid (TBA-active products) has shown that with the ageing of rats the intensity of peroxidation of biomembranes' lipids gets lower in the liver and heart homogenates and tends to decrease in the brain homogenates. A strict correlation is established to exist between the level of TBA-active products and the chemiluminescence intensity independent of the age, organ and the method of initiation of lipids' peroxidation and its intensity. Considerable age changes in the rate of lipids' peroxidation in the liver and heart homogenates may be associated with an increase in the activity of a number of such antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase and catalase in the postnatal ontogenesis of rats.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Lipid hydroperoxide levels in the heart and liver of rats of various ages].

The level of lipid hydroperoxides and secondary products of peroxide oxidation of lipids reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) has been studied in the heart and liver of Wistar male rats aged 1, 3, 12 and 24 months. It is shown that the both indices in the heart lower in the pubertal period of ontogenesis and do not vary with the further ageing. The content of hydroperoxides in the liver is unchanged and that of secondary TBA-active products decreases with the age.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Enzymes of the antioxidant system of rat liver during aging].

It is shown that ageing induces in rats intensification of a GSH-dependent antioxidant effect of the liver cytozole, growth of glutathione-S-transferase activity of cytozole, microsomes and mitochondria, a decrease of the NADPH generation rate in cytozole with malate and glucose-6-phosphate oxidation (the rate remaining at high level with isocytrate oxidation). It is supposed that under definite physiological conditions a lowered rate of NADPH generation in the malate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reactions in old animals may limit the efficiency of the NADPH-GSH-dependent antioxidant system of the liver cells. The peroxidase activity of cytochrome P-450 of microsomes and the glutathione reductase activity (EC 1.6.4.2) of cytozole rise in the liver of rats up to their 12 months and fall considerably with ageing. Cytochrome P-450 in the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum plays the role of an antioxidant.

Aging↗