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Biomedical subjects

Iu Z Gendon

Publications and source records attributed to Iu Z Gendon.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Molecular basis of the variability of epidemic strains of human influenza viruses].

The data from literature and authors own studies are reviewed on variability of human influenza viral strains, isolated during the same epidemic season in different periods of pandemic cycle. The data obtained indicate that variability of epidemic strains of human influenza virus deals with the genes coding for outer membrane proteins (hemagglutinin and neuraminidase) as well as nonglycosylated proteins. Circulation of a number of viral variants of the same serotype, differing in antigenic specificity of outer membrane proteins or in the genes coding for nonglycosylated proteins was registered during one and the same season of one epidemic. During circulation of viral variants of the same serotype recombination may take place. Heterogeneity of viral strains circulating during different epidemic seasons of the same pandemic cycle is different. The possible mechanisms of development of the new epidemic variants of human influenza virus are discussed.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Viral mucosal vaccines].

Reviews published reports on the development of mucosal antiviral vaccines administered through the mucous membranes and inducing systemic and local immunity. Describes methods ensuring the optimal conditions for penetration of mucosal vaccines in mucosal cells and discusses the possibility of local immunity induction in the vagina and rectum after intranasal administration of vaccine. Presents data on the development and trials of mucosal vaccines against some virus infections.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Progress in developing viral polynucleotide (DNA) vaccines].

Reviews published reports on the progress in development of DNA vaccines protecting from viral diseases. Emphasizes the advantages of the preparation injection into the epidermis and the possibility of stimulating the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines with adjuvants and cytokines. Discusses the results of studies on the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines from human, simian, and feline immunodeficiency viruses, hepatitis B and C viruses, herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, influenza and measles viruses, rotavirus, rabies virus, foot-and-mouth disease virus, etc., and the safety of DNA vaccines.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Live cold-adapted reassortant influenza vaccines].

The author reviews studies of live cold-adapted reassortant influenza vaccines developed in Russia and USA. These vaccines are safe and weakly reactogenic for all age groups. The vaccines (two immunizations) are highly effective in children of preschool and school age and far less effective in adults. For elderly subjects simultaneous vaccination with live and inactivated vaccines is recommended. The probability of influenza prevention by a single injection of cold-adapted vaccines is to be further investigated. Modern data indicate that cold-adapted reassortant influenza vaccines can be used for influenza prevention only in children of preschool and school age.

Adaptation, Biological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cultural influenza vaccines].

Recent achievements in development of influenza vaccines using long-term cell cultures MDSK or Vero are reviewed. Cell cultures were grown in bioreactors (fermenters) filled with microcarriers using serum-free culture media. Inactivated cultural influenza vaccines were clinically tested in many countries. The results of these trials showed that cultural influenza vaccines are as safe and immunogenic as conventional vaccines prepared using chicken embryos. It is emphasized that cultural influenza vaccines prepared using serum-free culture media have a number of advantages over embryonic influenza vaccines: standard preparation technology, intactness of all hemagglutinin antigen domains, absence of protein allergens and possible viral contamination inherent in chicken embryos and blood serum, and possibility of easy intensification of vaccine production in case of influenza pandemic. Taking into consideration these advantages, it may be suggested that cultural influenza vaccines will soon be widely used in medical practice.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a live culture of cold-adapted reassortant influenza vaccines].

Optimal conditions for the cultivation of the MDCK cell lines in the laboratory spinner or by using the Eagle-MEM with or without fetal serum were worked out. The cold-adapted reassortant vaccine strains of virus influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2 and B are well replicated in the MDCK cells both in a monolayer and in the spinner by using the serum-free medium. A maximum virus titer depends on a multiplicity of infection used in a fetal medium and on the addition of trypsin. Under the optimal conditions, the titer of the studied cold-adapted reassortants, while using a serum-free medium, reaches as much as 10(9.0)-10(9.5) EID50/ml.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mucosal viral vaccines: progress and problems].

Data obtained in the recent years on developing the viral inactivated mucosal vaccines by applying the mucosal-adhesive adjuvants are presented in the survey. Progress achieved in designing the mucosal influenza vaccines and mucosal vaccines against a variety of other viral infections is pointed out. Cross-protection against variations of a virus within its subtype limits as well as overcoming of a negative influence of parent antibodies produced on the immunogenicity of live-vaccines', which were used at young age, were observed in the intranasal administration of viral mucosal vaccines. A number of shortcomings of bacterial toxins used as mucosal-adhesive adjuvants as well as problems, which may arise when the viral mucosal vaccines are used on a large-scale basis due to a need in their two- and-threefold intranasal administration, are in the focus of attention.

Adhesives↗