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Iu Z Gendon

Publications and source records attributed to Iu Z Gendon.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of mucosal influenza inactivated vaccines].

In this review recent data on the development of mucosal influenza inactivated vaccines with the use of mucosoadhesive adjuvants are presented. After the intranasal administration of such vaccines the formation of not only systemic, but also local immunity (IgA antibodies), as well as cross protection against the variants of influenza virus within its serotype, can be observed. Some mucosal influenza vaccines have passed clinical tests. Certain drawbacks of Escherichia thermolabile enterotoxin, used as mucosoadhesive adjuvant, and difficulties which may arise in mass immunization with mucosal vaccines due to the necessity of introducing them in two or three intranasal administrations are indicated.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
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[Advantages and disadvantages of inactivated and live influenza vaccine].

Published data related with comparison studies of safety, efficiency and some other properties of cold-adapted live influenza vaccine (LIV) and of inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) are analyzed. LIV and IIV do not differ by systemic reactions after administration; however, it is not ruled out that there can be unfavorable reactions in vaccination of persons with allergy to the chicken-embryo proteins as well as in cases of persistence/reversion of cold-adapted strain observed in vaccination of persons with primary impairments of the immune system. There are no convincing data, up to now, on that LIV is superior to IIV in coping with influenza pandemics. The efficiency of LIV and IIV for children aged 3 years and more and for healthy adults is virtually identical. Additional controllable field comparative studies of LIV and IIV efficiency in immunization of elderly persons are needed. Limited data on LIV efficiency for children aged 2 months and more were obtained. The need in a 2-stage vaccination of all age group with the aim of ensuring responses to all 3 LIV components is, certainly, a LIV disadvantage. In case of IIV, the 2-stage vaccination is needed only for persons who were not ill with influenza. The intranasal LIV administration has, from the practical and psychological standpoints, an advantage before the IIV administration by syringe. The ability of LIV to protect from the drift influenza-virus variations could be its advantage before IIV; still, more research is needed to verify it. Transplantable cell lines meeting the WHO requirements could be an optimal substrate for the production of LIV and IIV. Children are the optimal age group for influenza prevention by cold-adapted LIV, whereas, IIV fits better for vaccination of adults and elderly persons.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Specific prophylaxis of influenza with inactivated split vaccine Vaxigrip].

Influenza remains a serious health problem, annually causing epidemics embracing up to 10% of the population of the world, and at the periods of pandemics this number may rise 4- to 6-fold. In the overwhelming majority of the countries the prophylaxis of influenza is carried out at present out with the use of inactivated vaccines. One of such vaccines is the highly purified split vaccine Vaxigrip (Aventis-Pasteur, France), permitted for use in Russia since 1992. The article contains the review of the data of literature, as well as the materials provided by the authors, which indicate that the preparation has low reactogenicity (also for children starting from the age of 6 months) and high reactogenic properties, leading to antibody formation at protective levels with respect to all three components of the vaccine. The vaccine has been found to ensure pronounced prophylactic efficacy for 70-90% of vaccinees and a decrease in influenza morbidity even in case of using the preparation a week before the onset of the epidemic. This shows the advantage of Vaxigrip in comparison with other inactivated vaccines.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Total immunization of children against influenza decreases morbidity in a number of diseases among elderly persons during influenza epidemic].

Immunization of children aged 3-6 years in kindergartens and school children aged 7-17 years against influenza with inactivated influenza vaccine was carried out in two districts of the Moscow region. The comparison of morbidity in influenza-like diseases among the immunized children with that among nonimmunized children in control districts revealed that the effectiveness of immunization was 60.9% in kindergartens and 68.8% in schools. The analysis of morbidity in a number of diseases among 158,451 elderly persons not immunized against influenza demonstrated that, in comparison with the control districts, in those districts where mass immunization of children was carried out morbidity in influenza-like diseases among elderly persons was 3.4 times lower and, out of other 10 diseases under study, morbidity in 8 diseases was 1.5-2.6 times lower. As indicated by the data obtained in this study, total anti-influenza immunization of children in organized groups not only essentially decreased influenza morbidity among children, but also greatly decreased morbidity in influenza and a number of diseases, appearing as complications of influenza infection, among nonimmunized elderly persons during influenza epidemic.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Further development (MDCK) of live cold-adapted influenza vaccine: cultivation of vaccine strains in production fermenters].

Optimal conditions were developed for cultivating the cold-adapted reassortant live influenza vaccine (CARLIV) in MDCK cells, which were in their turn cultivated in fermenters with serum-free medium and microcarrier. The use of MDCK cells meets all national and WHO requirements to continuous cells used in the production of biological preparations. CARLIV cultivated under such conditions well preserve their ts-mutations and mutation, which entail substitutions of amino acids, in all CARLIV genome segments. Provided the cultivation conditions are optimal, the output of multivalent CARLIV in a 101 fermenter can reach 100000 doses.

Animals↗
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[Development and certification of libraries of the MDCK continuous cell line for production of influenza vaccine].

Seeding and working banks of the continuous MDCK cell culture suitable for the production of cultured influenza vaccine were created and deposited at liquid nitrogen temperature at the "Vector" State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology. The MDCK cell culture was shown to have morphology typical of the discussed cell line; it does not have any alien agents and is oncogenically safe; its enzimogram and karyotype are typical of the donor line; finally, its biological properties are stable during a long period of cultivation and its sensitivity to influenza virus is high, therefore, it can be recommended for the production of influenza vaccine. The continuous MDCK cell line was certified at Tarasevich Committee and was recommended by the MIBP Committee, Russia's Health Ministry, for its use as a substrate in the production of diagnostic and preventive immunoglobulins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prevention of influenza in infants].

The review summarizes recent data on the incidence of influenza and hospital admissions for this disease among infants aged 0 to 2 years. It considers the optimal influenza prevention regimens in the age groups of 0 to 6 months and 6 months to 2 years, by using influenza vaccines for immunization of infants and all those contacting them inside and outside, as well as pregnant women. Whether prophylaxis of influenza A can be made in Russia is also discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The ts phenotype of reisolates from children inoculated with live cold-adapted influenza vaccine type A].

Using mutants of fowl plague virus (FRV) which have single temperature-sensitive (ts) mutations in some genes, an analysis was carried out on reisolates from children of 3-6 years, vaccinated with a monovaccine from recombinant strains of influenza type A virus. The recombinants were obtained by crossing of current epidemic strains of subtypes A (HINI) and a (H3N2) with the cold-adapted (XA) ts-donor of attenuation A/Leningrad/134/47/57 (H2N2) from which they, as a rule, inherited 5 ts-mutations in genes 1 (PB2), 2 (PB1), 5 (NP), 7 (M), and 8 (NS). All the reisolates were shown to retain the ts-phenotype. However, in the recombination test some reisolates (most frequently those isolated at late periods of vaccination infection) no ts-mutations could be found in 1-3 genes coding for proteins of the polymerase complex, less frequently for NP and NS proteins but not for M proteins.

Antigens, Viral↗
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[Avian flu epizootia and its prevention].

In the review cited the data about avian flu epizootia for last years, about economic damage by epizootia, the information on an infection of people by viruses of animals. Problems the development of vaccines against a avian flu, including ways of designing of vaccine strains are discussed. Data on methods of struggle with avian influenza epizootia of poultry, about methods of prevention the epizootia and uses for this purpose of vaccines and drugs are resulted.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Molecular mechanisms of reversions to the ts+ -phenotype of cold-adapted influenza virus A strains--attenuation donors for live influenza reassortant vaccines].

A ts+ revertant of cold-adapted (ca) strain A/Leningrad/134/47/57--the attenuation donor for live influenza reassortant vaccines--was obtained by passages of the ca strain in chick embryos at nonpermissive temperatures. The ts+ revertant acquired the ability to grow in chick embryos at 40 degrees C and lost the capacity to reproduce there at 25 degrees C. A complementation-recombination test using the fowl plague virus (FPV0 ts-mutants showed the loss of the ts-phenotype in the RNA-segments of ts+ revertants' genome coding for PB2, NP, and NS (NS2) proteins. However, PCR-restriction analysis revealed a true reversion in RNA-segment coding for PB2 protein only. All the investigated mutations in the ts+ revertant genome were preserved. This phenomenon could be explained by the appearance of intragenic and extragenic suppression mutations in the ts+ revertant genome. The data of the complementation-recombination test suggest that reversion of ts-phenotype occurs more frequently due to extra- or intragenic suppression rather than as a result of a true mutation loss. Estimation of the genetic stability of vaccine ca strains of influenza virus should be based on the combined use of PCR-restriction and complementation tests.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
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[Interaction of the M protein of the wild-type fowl pest virus and its ts-mutant with the ribonucleoprotein of the fowl pest virus in vitro].

The extent of inhibition of transcription realized in vitro by fowl plague virus (FPV) ribonucleoprotein (RNP) upon the addition of M protein isolated from FPV virions does not depend on nonionic detergent concentration in the reaction medium but does depend greatly on NaCl concentration. The highest inhibition of transcription is observed at a low ionic strength (0.02 M NaCl); inhibition is completely eliminated by increasing NaCl concentration to 0.3 M. When M protein isolated from FPV virions with ts mutation of M protein is added to RNP, addition to the system of 0.3 M NaCl decreases transcription inhibition but does not eliminate it completely.

DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases↗