Biomedical subjects

J Basterra

Publications and source records attributed to J Basterra.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1997

[Secretory middle ear otitis with severe sensorineural deafness].

Secretory middle ear otitis is of difficult assessment in children with severe hearing impairment. This otitis, very frequent in infants and children, influences negatively the auditive capacity and apprenticeship as well. Our study deals with the prevalence and severity of the secretive middle ear otitis in an scholar population handicapped by a heavy hypoacusia. Demographically, etiologic and seasonal correlations are considered in the paper. The outcome shows a high incidence of the condition, an inversely relation with the age, an evident seasonal distribution and the absence of correlation between etiology of middle ear disease and sensorineural deafness.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗

PubMed1996

[The morphological and morphometric study of the segment of the labyrinth of the fallopian canal].

The study of the Fallopian canal with bone specimens can offer an exact and valuable information on the morphology of this duct and its close relations with neighbouring structures. The aim of this paper is to give an actualized compilation of the updated know findings, regarding the morphology and the morphometry of the first segment of the Fallopian canal. The study is based on 92 human temporal bones coming from skulls of adult subjects of both sexes. After a careful drilling work the whole length of the canal, that of the I.E.C. and the corresponding to the labyrinthine segment as well, were exposed and measured. The results allowed the AA. the macroscopical checking of the inversed ratio between the length and the calibre of the investigated canals. The labyrinthine portion of the facial canal is more narrow at its beginning (at the bottom of the I.E.C.) becoming broader as the duct approaches the first knee (geniculated ganglion) of the nerve.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Young's syndrome: a further cause of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Three males--aged 32, 35, and 27 years--presented Young's syndrome: a combination of obstructive azoospermia and chronic sinopulmonary infection. The evaluation of nasal mucociliary transport using an isotopic technique revealed mucociliary stasis in one case and decreased clearance in the others (< 2 mm/min). Ciliary ultrastructure was normal in two patients, while the other showed mucous hyperplasia and low ciliary density which made correct ciliary evaluation not possible. The clinical development of this syndrome is chronic, although less severe than in the other two syndromes that exhibit primary failure of mucociliary transport: cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia. Young's syndrome should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis, particularly with cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

Cholesterol granuloma of the middle ear: report of 5 cases.

Cholesterol granulomas of the middle ear (CGME) constitute a focal inflammatory response with foreign body giant cells mobilized against the presence of cholesterol crystals. The air spaces within the temporal bone are commonly affected, especially in association with chronic disease of the middle ear involving diminished ventilation. The aim of this paper is to review 5 cases of CGME. The authors intend to establish the etiology of CGME and its likely relationship with other common middle ear diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Invasive fungal sinusitis in immunosuppressed patients. Report of three cases.

Report of three cases. Newly appeared immunosuppression related conditions have led to an increase in morbidity of systemic opportunistic mycoses. Rhinosinusal infection has also increased in frequency. Three invasive nasosinusal mycoses are presented: two cases of mucormycosis and a simultaneous infection by mucormycosis and candida albicans. In all cases, and despite treatment, progression of the disease could not be stopped and the patients died. The main characteristics of invasive nasosinusal mycoses are reviewed, to obtain early diagnosis. Early therapy improves the prognosis, and thus clinical suspicion justifies treatment before establishing a microbiological diagnosis.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗

PubMed1996

Retention cysts of the rhinopharynx. A case report.

Cystic lesions of the rhinopharynx are infrequent and their differential diagnosis poses problems. A patient with a large lateral retention cyst of the rhinopharynx is described in which differential diagnosis with a cyst of the second branchial arch was considered. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a very characteristic image and proved more specific than computed tomography. Histopathological study of the surgical specimen established the diagnosis by revealing a cyst enclosed by a non-keratinized squamous epithelium.

Cysts↗

PubMed1996

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the head and neck in association with HIV infection.

People infected with HIV have a greater risk of developing malignancies. The most frequent one is the Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). The second is the Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). We report six cases of NHL in association with HIV infection (NHL-HIV) of the head and neck. Three of them had extranodal location (2 oral lymphomas and one case affecting the maxillary sinus). The other 3 cases were located in the cervical nodes. The oral malignancies were treated with radiotherapy (RT). Chemotherapy was applied to the other 4. Only one of our patients has survived more than two years. In one case the NHL was the first manifestation of the infection with HIV. Diagnosis of extranodal NHL requires search for AIDS.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Clinical and ultrastructural correlations in nasal mucociliary function observed in children with recurrent airways infections.

A study was made of 106 children between 1 and 15 years of age (mean 6 years) with recurrent upper and lower airways infections since birth. Nasal mucociliary transport (NMT) velocity was determined in all subjects by the Tc99m-labeled seroalbumin technique. In 42 children, NMT was found to be altered. In this group of patients the technique was repeated in a period of between 1 and 2 years later. In 23 cases (55%) transport had normalized, while in 19 (45%) it remained altered. Recurrent pneumonia and constant rhinorrhea were more frequent in this group. Situs inversus was only detected in 2 of these patients. Pathology showed ciliary ultrastructure, the absence of dynein arms and microtubule alterations. The absence of cilia was observed in some patients. Normal cilia were also encountered in children with persistently altered nasal mucociliary transport.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[The prevalence of primary dyskinetic ciliary syndromes in patients with sinusitis and bronchiectasis].

In this paper are studied the prevalence of this syndrome (the PDCS) in 18 patients affected either of chronic sinusitis or bronchiectasias. Fourteen cases (77%) fulfil the diagnostic requirements in order to be considered as PCDS. Clinical differential features with regard to the idiopathic group are: situs inversus, male's infertility, perennial rhinorrhea and secretory otitis media. Mucociliary transport is studied through an isotopic technique and resulted absent in the PDCS group, being normal in the idiopathic one. The ultrastructure of nasal cilia is normal in the idiopathic representative, while in the cases with PDCS was verified the total or partly lack of dyneine arms in 8 cases, without cilia 3 cases, surnumerary central microtubules 3 cases and surnumerary peripheral microtubules in 2 cases. One sufferer of Kartagener's syndrome showed cilia structure in accordance with standard pattern.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Morphological and morphometric study of the tympanic and mastoid portions of the fallopian aqueduct].

In surgery of the temporal bone the best way to avoid injuries to the facial nerve is to be acquainted with its location in all the surgical steps of the procedure scheduled. That is to say: an exact knowledge of its normal intratemporal run, having always in mind some characteristic landmarks, is absolutely essential. This work has been done through drilling 92 human temporal bones, measuring the length of both the tympanic and mastoidal segments and also considering the bending of the 2nd knee of the nerve. In the issue the mastoidal portion resulted the most straight (by half of the cases) whereas the tympanic one was slightly sloping downwards between the lateral semicircular canal upwards and the oval window below. Topographically has not been possible to establish neither a strict correlation between the location of the pyramide and the 2nd knee nor this knee was found by uns (in contrast to other AA's findings) at higher angle than 90 degrees in our specimen.

Culture Techniques↗

PubMed1995

[Descriptive analysis of evoked laryngeal potentials of the brainstem in rabbits].

The present study evaluated comparatively the laryngeal brainstem responses (LBR) evoked, through electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve, in 2 groups of mature rabbits, using a far field technique. Each group is formed according to the shifting of the stimulation parameters followed for the research, namely: intensity (from 0.5 to 3 mA), stimulus frequency (from 2 stimuli/second to 5 stimuli/second) and total stimulation time (between 200 microseconds to 500 microseconds). Afterwards the values attained are compared with those supplied for the control-group (having 2 mA intensity, 4 stimuli per second and 100 microseconds as time). We got significative statistical differences regarding the stimulus intensity and the outcome is a shortening in latency wawe of LBR when using 3 mA.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Approach to the laryngeal reflex through the study of laryngeal evoked potentials from the brainstem in rabbits].

The present study evaluated the laryngeal brainstem response evoked by electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve in rabbits, using a far-field technique with an intensity of 2 mA, 100 microseconds duration and frequency of 4/second. Five reproducible positive and four negative waves, both reproducible, were obtained and they may represent the laryngeal brainstem activity.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[Oncogenic activity of head and neck tumors].

Some types of malignant neoplasms are consequence of genetic changes. The starting of oncogenesis begins when some genetic alterations arises, or the genome acquires some peculiar and pathological traits owing to the action of physical, chemical or viral agents. These alterations set in motion an activatory phenomenon upon the proto-oncogene which is turned into an oncogene. The oncogene is responsible for fixed alterations of the genome inducing to an anomalous cellular growth. In squamous carcinomata of the head and neck has been observed mutations of the p-53 tumour-suppressor gene, alike amplifications of the ras-gene, of the C-myc proto-oncogene and also of the epidermal growth factor gene (EGFG). The viruses induce mutations on the genome. That would be the explanatory reason for the association carcinoma of the rhinopharynx-Epstein-Barr virus.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed1994

Superior laryngeal nerve evoked potentials: an experimental study in the rabbit.

An experimental model is described for recording laryngeal evoked potentials at the brainstem level through electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve. Rabbits were divided into two groups according to age: Group 1 consisted of 20 adults (over 6 months old), while group 2 was comprised of 1-month-old rabbits. Under general anesthesia, the superior laryngeal nerve was electrically stimulated and the corresponding evoked potentials were recorded by needle electrodes placed close to the dorsal and ventral aspects of the brain stem. Clear age-related differences were observed for latency, amplitude, and morphology of the potentials. This fact suggests postnatal maturation of the nerve structures, both peripheral and central. Sectioning the superior laryngeal nerve abolished all responses. Adduction of both vocal cords was observed in conjunction with the use of stimulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Neurosecretory endings and target cells in the synaptic cleft of the human vocal cord: an electron microscopic study.

The action of neurotransmitters is of interest in the normal function of the vocal cord since they regulate mucous secretion and vessel caliber. The intersynaptic space between glandular and myoepithelial cells and the corresponding neuroendocrine endings is the area in which these substances are delivered. This area has not been previously studied in the human vocal cord. Specimens from vocal cords have been studied by electron microscopy. In our study, it seems to be clear that there exists a very close contact between myoepithelial cells and secretory nerve endings. This close relationship is likewise observed between these cells and glandular cells.

Epithelium↗

PubMed1994

Immotile cilia syndrome: nasal mucociliary function and nasal ciliary abnormalities.

We present 17 patients with a typical symptomatology of immotile cilia syndrome, seven of them with complete situs inversus. Firstly, a study of the nasal mucociliary transport was made by means of the radioisotopic technique with serum albumin-Tc99m. In all cases there was absence of transport. Secondly, we studied the ultrastructure of the nasal cilia. Defects in the dynein arms were frequently found (65%). In two cases (11%) there were no cilia; in two other cases the cilia were normal, and in another two cases alterations of the central pair of microtubules were seen. Ciliary complexes were detected in all cases. We conclude that in patients with chronic or recurrent infections of the airways without known cause we must initiate a study of the nasal mucociliary transport. If this is absent or decreased, study of ciliary ultrastructure should be carried out. If mucociliary transport is normal, immotile cilia syndrome is ruled out and ultrastructural study of the cilia is not required.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[The protocol for the vestibulospinal system study by means of a dynamometric platform. Patterns of normalcy].

The Posturography, the recording of the postural balance in standing position, allows the assessment of the vestibulospinal function, through the shifts of the pressure center. In this paper are expressed the results gained with this static posturographic protocol followed at our Department, using a dynamometric platform DINASCAN (Institute of Biomechanics, Valencia, IBv) in 63 normal people. Four parameters (i.e. maximal extent of antero-posterior displacement: lateral wards; full length of the shifting; and the surfaced limited for the changes of the pressure center) in 6 several body positions (Romberg with open and closed eyes; closed eyes and overextended head; closed eyes and right and left cervical turn and standing on only one foot with open eyes) were evaluated. The outcome of the proofs become gradually worsened in accordance with the difficulties of the tests, although there were no differences when considering the results of the proofs with turning or hyperextending the head. Diagnostic possibilities trying dynamometric platforms are considered.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Sarcoidosis of the paranasal sinuses].

Nasosinusal Sarcoidosis is an uncommon entity setting forth diagnostical and therapeutical questions to be answered. The AA. report a case of the sort with simultaneous pathological involvement of the skin, without systemic manifestations. The disease showed as a mucopurulent scaly rhinitis. The maxillary sinus was stuffed with sarcoid tissue. Both topical and systemic treatment with corticoid drugs failed to bring nasal and sinusal lesions to lessening. The skin changes unfolded favourably.

Beclomethasone↗