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Biomedical subjects

J Catchpole

Publications and source records attributed to J Catchpole.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Ovine coccidiosis: studies on the pathogenicity of Eimeria ovinoidalis and E. crandallis in conventionally-reared lambs, including possible effects of passive immunity.

No pathogenic effect was detected in lambs when 10(4) oocyts of each species were inoculated before 72 h of age. At 4 weeks of age the combined inoculum caused diarrhoea and weight loss, the severity being roughly proportional to the size of the inoculum. Even 1000 oocysts of each species caused diarrhoea; the pathogenic effect was attributable mainly to E. ovinoidalis. Hyperimmunization of ewes during pregnancy (by repeated inoculation of massive doses of oocysts) reduced the effects of oocyst inoculation in their progeny. Levamisole administration during pregnancy increased the birthweight of lambs.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Demonstration of antibodies to Eimeria species in lambs by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Soluble extracts were prepared from sporulated oocysts, unsporulated oocysts and merozoites of Eimeria crandallis, E faurei and E ovinoidalis. They were assessed for antigenicity and specificity by ELISA using rabbit antisera to sporulated oocysts or merozoites. Antibody levels were examined in sera from colostrum-deprived coccidia-free lambs, conventionally reared lambs and lambs which had received experimental infections. Maternal antibody was demonstrated in colostrum and in serum taken at 24 hours from all conventionally reared animals but not colostrum-deprived animals. Antibody levels in conventional animals dropped over the first five weeks of life and rose again during the next five weeks. Antibody was not detected in coccidia-free animals. Monospecific infections of E faurei or E ovinoidalis demonstrated antibody responses to primary and secondary infections. Some specificity of response was suggested with E faurei infection. The antigen preparations showed considerable cross-reactions between species. These serum antibody responses, although appearing too late for individual diagnosis, may assist diagnosis on a flock basis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Pathogenicity of the coccidium Eimeria crandallis in laboratory lambs.

Ten colostrum-deprived, coccidia-free lambs were reared artificially in indoor cages. At 4 weeks of age they were allocated to 5 groups of 2: Groups 1-3 received 10(4), 10(5) and 10(6) sporulated oocysts of Eimeria crandallis/lamb respectively, each as a single inoculum. Group 4 lambs received daily doses increasing over a 4-week period. Groups 1-3 showed diarrhoea and weight loss from about day 14, followed by slow recovery from about day 30. The diarrhoea was accompanied by a wave of oocyst output and a reduction in serum albumin and plasma alkaline phosphatase activity. One lamb in group 4 died of an unrelated condition on day 15; the other showed no clinical effect of the oocyst inoculations and its oocyst output was related only to the first week or two of inoculation. Lambs in Group 1 showed no clinical effect or oocyst output following challenge with 10(6) oocysts on day 28. E. crandallis showed high pathogenicity and immunogenicity. Its pathogenicity was not closely related to infecting dose within the range 10(4)-10(6).

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1983

Observations on the epidemiology of coccidial infections in sheep under varying conditions of intensive husbandry including chemoprophylaxis with monensin.

Coccidiosis occurs sporadically in lambs at about 6 weeks of age when oocyst output is very high in healthy as well as in diseased lambs. These experiments were designed to throw light on the source of infection and to correlate oocyst output in lambs and ewes with performance in lambs. In two experiments, one indoors on deep litter the other in outdoor paddocks, oocyst output (of different coccidial species), body weight and clinical state of lambs were recorded weekly. Oocyst output in ewes was also recorded, starting 1-4 weeks before lambing. Monensin was included in the concentrates of ewes and/or lambs, up to lambing or before and after lambing. No periparturient rise was detected in the oocyst output of ewes. Monensin drastically reduced oocyst output in animals receiving it. Oocyst output in lambs appeared to be little affected by the output of ewes around the lambing period, but was reduced if the ewes' output was kept low after lambing. Lambs receiving monensin tended to produce drier faeces but their weight gain was not significantly greater than that of controls. Eimeria crandallis was the predominant species in the lambs, followed by E. ovinoidalis and E. ovina.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1983

Eimeria stiedai in rabbits: the demonstration of responses to chemotherapy.

The activity of sulphaquinoxaline, robenidine, methyl benzoquate, clopidol and a mixture of methyl benzoquate and clopidol (Lerbek; Dow), was studied in rabbits infected with hepatic coccidiosis due to Eimeria stiedai. Growth inhibition, oocyst production and the activity in the serum of glutamate dehydrogenase and gamma glutamyltransferase were studied as indicators of parasite development. Only sulphaquinoxaline and Lerbek gave satisfactory control of this parasite. The latter formulation was more effective than either of its constituents used alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Medication against ovine coccidiosis--a review.

Data published since 1940 on the use of drugs to prevent or treat ovine coccidiosis are presented in the form of tables. These highlight the differences in conditions of husbandry and mode of administration. Such differences partly account for the variability of response to medication. Drugs that have proved useful under certain conditions include amprolium, monensin and lasalocid for prevention, and sulphonamides for treatment.

Animals↗