Biomedical subjects

J Chrastina

Publications and source records attributed to J Chrastina.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Meningiomas with skull bone involvement].

One of factors responsible for meningioma recurrencies is tumorous involvement of calvarial and basal bone structures. Primary intraosseous meningiomas should be distinguished from secondary involvement in prevailing intracranial tumor and hyperostotic reactive changes. The paper is based on prospective study of 167 patient operated on for intracranial meningioma. Based on clinical investigation, radiological and intraoperative data bone invasion was suspected in 20 patients and histologically confirmed in 17. In 14 patients bone involvement was secondary, meningothelial hamartoma was described in one patient and in 2 patient primary intraosseous meningioma was found. Prevalence of tumors to periorbital area and bone sutures is confirmed. Neuronavigation is used to optimise tumor resection and limit the risk for neurovascular structures. Results were good in 87.5% of patients and poor in 12.5% of patients (extent of tumor and general condition). Discussion provides analysis of intraosseous meningiomas formation, pathological classification (Lang), causes of bone invasion and surgical possibilities. It is necessary to undeline the problems of intraosseous meningiomas both from the aspects of diagnosis and subsequent treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Neuroendoscopic management of haematocephalus.

The purpose of the paper was to publish the results of endoscopic treatment of primary and secondary haematocephalus in the group of 23 patients, treated by means of Wolf endoscopic system combined with frame based navigation with the aid of virtual reality environment. The procedure is aimed to remove blood clots from the cerebral ventricles and to reduce the volume of parenchymal haematoma in secondary haematocephalus during single surgical session. In the majority of the treated patients septostomy was added to make revision of both lateral ventricles possible from a single approach, and the operation was completed with endoscopic third ventriculostomy to reduce the amount of blood in the basal cisterns and to reestablish the patency of cerebrospinal fluid pathways, so that lumbar puncture can be safely done to facilitate the process of cleaning blood away from the cerebrospinal fluid. The surgery always facilitates the resorption of residual blood as well as blood degradation products, therefore late complications, such as posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus, membranes and stenosis formation was prevented. Improvement of the clinical condition was obtained without the need for permanent drainage systems insertion. Lethal outcome in one patient and unfavourable clinical result in another three patients were unrelated to the endoscopic treatment. (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref: 10.)

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Effect of vagal nerve stimulation on patients with bitemporal epilepsy.

Patients with bitemporal epilepsy are characterized by the existence of independent bitemporal seizure onset zones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) on eight patients with bitemporal epilepsy. We demonstrated the gradually increased effect of VNS on the reduction of seizures as compared with baseline seizure frequency in patients with bitemporal epilepsy. The average seizure reduction increased from 4.2% at the 3-month follow-up visit to 18.2, 34.4 and 42.2% at the 6, 12 and 18-month follow-up visits. Similarly, a >or=50% reduction of complex partial seizures was reported at the 3-month follow-up visit in no patients (0%); at the 6-month follow-up visit in one patient (12.5%); at the 12-month follow-up visit in three patients (37.5%); and at the 18-month follow-up visit in five patients (62.5%). These data demonstrate the positive and long-lasting effect of VNS on seizure reduction in patients with intractable bitemporal epilepsy. The main mechanism of this chronic effect is not fully understood.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Effect of vagal nerve stimulation on auditory and visual event-related potentials.

Chronic unilateral vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has been recently introduced into the therapy for intractable epileptic seizures. Its effect on cognitive functions in VNS-treated patients remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible impact of therapeutic VNS on cognitive functions by means of event-related potentials analysis. Ten patients with medically intractable epilepsy, who had been implanted with VNS devices, participated in the study. Auditory and visual event-related potentials (ERPs) were repeatedly recorded, first just before the implantation of VNS devices, and then again 3-6 months after the device activation. The effect of lower intensity stimulation on the P3 component of ERPs was assessed. No significant differences were found in auditory ERPs; the latencies of P3 as well as N2/P3 peak-to-peak amplitudes were virtually identical. The same was true for mean P3 latencies of visual ERPs. However, higher visual N2/P3 peak-to-peak amplitudes were observed in the responses to targets that followed VNS, with a significant finding at the electrodes investigated. When comparing the effect of VNS on visual N2/P3 amplitude in each electrode separately, the most expressive differences were found in the frontal region. This observation supports the theory of a possible positive effect of low-intensity VNS on the cognitive functions.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Circular stereotactic callosotomy: a preliminary report. Technical note.

The authors propose a new method for performing stereotactic callosotomy, which they have named circular callosotomy. The operating device is the original Riechert-Mundinger's string electrode, which can be protruded through a side window and by rotating the probe it is possible to cut the commisural pathways to the extent required. The anatomical results of the operation can be checked using MRI scanning.

Corpus Callosum↗

PubMed1997

[Stereotaxic biopsy of orbital tumors].

Biopsies of orbital tumours are made as a rule by the classical surgical approach. In a 82-year-old risk patient the authors chose, however, the stereotactic method of collection of pathological tissue from the orbit and this non-traditional procedure, using special instruments, proved unpretentious and successful.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

[Surgical findings in stereotaxic therapy of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage].

Observation of stereotactic evacuation of haematomas in the deep structures of the brain in 41 patients and in the white matter of the cerebral lobes in 33 patients revealed that in the surgical technique and results no substantial difference can be found. The tactics of the intervention in deep hypertensive haemorrhages call however for greater care to avoid a new haematoma and also a greater effort to crush possible blood clots.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Stereotaxic therapy of post-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage].

The authors present five case-histories pertaining to stereotactic evacuation of lobar traumatic cerebral haematomas and indicate new ways of their treatment. It ensure already from initial observations of the authors that stereotactic operation of these haemorrhages is justified and useful in haematomas affecting several cerebral lobes simultaneously or in case of symmetrical haematomas.

Adult↗