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Biomedical subjects

J Croize

Publications and source records attributed to J Croize.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Comparative bacteriologic activity of norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin against 320 Gram-negative bacilli resistant and non-resistant to nalidixic acid and cephalosporins].

Bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects of three fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin, ofloxacin and pefloxacin, against 320 strains of Gram-negative bacilli were studied in vitro. For nalidixic acid-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae, susceptibility or resistance to second or third generation cephalosporins has no significant bearing on the MIC 90 of each of the three antibiotics. This is not so of nalidixic acid-resistant strains. All E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains are susceptible to the three quinolones (MIC 90 less than 3 mg/1); MICs 90 are higher for E. cloacae and S. marcescens; Serratia strains in particular have an MIC 90 greater than 6 mg/1. Nalidixic acid-susceptible Acinetobacter strains can be eliminated by ofloxacin or pefloxacin, whereas norfloxacin has the greatest activity against P. aeruginosa. We conclude that when multiresistant bacteria emerge, testing of susceptibility to the three quinolones studied may be useful.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1984

[Diffusion of fosfomycin into the cerebrospinal fluid in purulent meningitis].

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of fosfomycin were measured in 10 patients with bacterial meningitis. Fosfomycin 200 mg/kg/day was administered in three 4-hour intravenous infusions. The antibiotic was associated with amoxicillin in 9 patients and with cefotaxime in one. Cerebrospinal fluid was obtained on the 2nd and 5th days of treatment, 2 hours after the end of the infusion. The mean CSF fosfomycin levels were 31 mg/l on the 2nd day and 37.2 mg/l on the 5th day. These levels were higher than the MIC 90 for most bacteria encountered in meningitis. Fosfomycin could be used to treat some cases of bacterial meningitis, but always in association with another antibiotic.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Influence of the inoculum effect on the MIC and MBC of 5 beta-lactams against Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

MICs and MBCs of five beta-lactams , i.e. ticarcillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, cefsulodin and ceftazidime for 20 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were studied with inocula ranging from 10(3) to 10(9) CFU/ml. Each antibiotic exhibited an inoculum effect at 10(5)-10(7) CFU/ml. However, ticarcillin had smaller MIC and MBC increments than the four other drugs, making it more suitable in certain cases.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Measurement of the right ventricular ejection fraction during the acute phase of myocardial infarction using 81m krypton infusion. Comparison with the left ejection fraction].

The right ventricular ejection fraction is rarely measured, as conventional diagnostic methods (radiology, echocardiography) are confronted with the problem of representing the right ventricle as a simple tridimensional geometrical model. This is not necessary with the radio-isotopic techniques. However, all those used for the measurement of right ventricular ejection fraction lead to important methodological problems. We have therefore developed a technique of measuring this parameter with an infusion of 81 m Kr. This radioactive gas is pure gamma-ray emitter with a 13 second period. Dissolved and infused intravenously, it is eliminated during the first passage through the lung. The continuous separation of the generator of 81 m Kr is performed with isotonic dextrose solution which is then infused for a period of 7 minutes. During this time, the activity detected by the scintillation camera inclined in the 30 degrees RAO projection is stored, together with the electrocardiogram in a computer. The precordial radioactivity of the retrocardiac lung tissue is subtracted after injection of 74 MBq of 99 mTc microspheres. A graph of right ventricular activity can then be reconstructed and the right ventricular ejection fraction calculated. The left ventricular ejection fraction is then measured with 99 mTc--labelled RBCs. This method allows the right ventricular ejection fraction to be measured in the RAO projection, the best incidence for the separation of the right atrial from the right ventricular activity without interference from left ventricular activity because of the pulmonary elimination of the Krypton radioactivity. The measurement performed on a large number of cardiac cycles allows a continuous study of the right ventricular ejection fraction. At the end of the infusion there is no circulating radioactivity so that the measurement can be repeated. This technique was used in 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction. In the 7 patients with anterior infarcts reduction of the left ventricular ejection fraction was the predominant finding (21,6 +/- 6,8%). The right ventricular ejection fraction was 34,2 +/- 6,4%. On the other hand, patients with a postero-inferior infarction had little change in left ventricular ejection fraction (59,2 +/- 12%) but those with right ventricular extension of their infarcts had very reduced right ventricular ejection fractions (less than 23%). The measurement of right ventricular ejection fraction with 81 m Kr is a reliable atraumatic method for diagnosing right ventricular infarction by the quantification of its functional impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Utilization of a micromethod for the differentiation of Haemophilus biotypes. Relations with serotypes and antibiotypes (author's transl)].

A micromethod utilizing paper discs impregnated with different substrates (Minitek-system) permits differentiation of Haemophilus and their biotypes. Differentiation of biotypes presents an assured advantage: it is the only technic for an exact study of non typable H. influenzae strains and NAD-dependent Haemophilus strains. It is also a complement for study of capsulated H. influenzae. In an epidemiological aspect, this differentiation shows a evident predominance of biotypes I and II for H. influenzae and H. para-influenzae. Except that biotype I includes the larger number of serotypable strains, different serotypes are distributed in the five biotypes of H. influenzae. Likewise none relation has been found between biotypes and antibiotypes.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

[Present frequency of the different Serratia species isolated in Grenoble University Hospital Center (author's transl)].

Our study concerns 111 Serratia isolated during a period of seven months in a Grenoble hospital. The different species of Serratia are present with a high predominance of S. marcescens. Distribution, particular biochemical characteristics are discussed, and results of sensitivity to antibiotics, as well for antibiotics used against Gram negative bacteria as for the three quinolines against urinary bacteria. The place of Serratia in the hospital infections is discussed in the last part of this study.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Treatment of Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis with cotrimoxazole in monotherapy].

L. monocytogenes meningo-encephalitis are still a therapeutic problem, with most of the time a poor prognosis. In vitro, cotrimoxazole has about the same bactericidal activity as the ampicillin-aminoglycoside combination. So we treated 8 patients with L. M. meningoencephalitis with cotrimoxazole alone, with a mean duration of treatment of 13 days. All patients recovered without sequellae from their infectious episode.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Listeria monocytogenes nosocomial infection in the maternity ward].

Nosocomial infection with Listeria monocytogenes 4b occurred in January 1990 in a maternity hospital in Grenoble. The 3 patients involved were born within a 24 hour-interval. The premature newborn responsible for contamination was asymptomatic. Two other newborns without any perinatal infectious risk presented with meningitis, one on the 5th day of life in the maternity hospital, the other one on the 11th day while already at home. The 3 strains of Listeria had the same serovar and lysovar. Epidemiologic investigations led to suspect a contamination in the delivery room and during the care of the children. Strict respect of hygiene orders is imperative to avoid nosocomial infections.

Cross Infection↗